OSI Model: Physical Layer

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What is the primary function of the Physical Layer?

To provide routing and switching functions

To provide the means to transport bits across network media (correct)

To encode and decode data for transmission

To manage network congestion and Quality of Service (QoS)

What type of connection requires devices to be connected to a wireless access point (AP) or wireless router?

Fiber optic connection

Wireless connection (correct)

Wired connection

Virtual Private Network (VPN) connection

What device connects a device to a network?

Modem

Wireless Access Point (AP)

Router

Network Interface Card (NIC) (correct)

What is the main function of the physical layer in the OSI model?

To encode the frames and create the electrical, optical, or radio wave signals Signup and view all the answers

Which organization defines the services and protocols in the TCP/IP suite?

Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Signup and view all the answers

What is received by either an end device or an intermediate device?

Encoded bits Signup and view all the answers

What are the three functional areas addressed by Physical Layer Standards?

Physical Components, Encoding, and Signaling Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the model that the Physical Layer is part of?

OSI model Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Physical Layer in establishing network communications?

To establish a physical connection to a local network Signup and view all the answers

Who develops the electronic circuitry, media, and connectors in the physical layer?

Electrical and Communications Engineers Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of the destination node physical layer?

To retrieve individual signals from the media and restore them to their bit representations Signup and view all the answers

What is represented on a medium by the sending node and interpreted on a medium by the receiving node?

Data being transferred over a network Signup and view all the answers

What is accepted by the Physical Layer from the Data Link Layer?

A complete frame Signup and view all the answers

What are the hardware components specified in standards associated with the physical layer?

NICs, interfaces, and connectors Signup and view all the answers

What is the last step in the encapsulation process?

The bits are sent over the physical medium Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the physical layer?

Designing and building electronic circuitry and media Signup and view all the answers

What is the capacity of a medium to carry data?

Bandwidth Signup and view all the answers

What determines the practical bandwidth of a network?

Physical media properties, current technologies, and the laws of physics Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of bandwidth that is equivalent to 1,000,000,000 bps?

Gbps Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the measure of the time delay between the transmission and reception of a signal?

Latency Signup and view all the answers

What are the terms used to measure the quality of bandwidth?

Latency, throughput, and goodput Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of bandwidth that is equivalent to 1,000 bps?

Kbps Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of bandwidth that is equivalent to 10^9 bps?

Gbps Signup and view all the answers

What is the unit of bandwidth that is equivalent to 10^12 bps?

Tbps Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) protocol in Wi-Fi?

To ensure the radio channel is clear before transmitting Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of Zigbee (IEEE 802.15.4)?

Low data-rate, low power-consumption communications for IoT applications Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a Wireless Access Point (AP)?

To concentrate wireless signals from users and connect to the existing copper-based network infrastructure Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of a Wireless NIC Adapter?

To provide wireless communication to network hosts Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of WiMAX (IEEE 802.16)?

To provide broadband wireless access using a point-to-multipoint topology Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern for Network Administrators in WLANs?

Developing and applying stringent security policies and processes Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of Bluetooth (IEEE 802.15)?

To provide wireless personal area network for short-range devices Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a home and small business wireless router?

To integrate router, switch, and access point functions Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of fiber-optic cabling over copper cabling?

It transmits data over longer distances at higher bandwidth Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of twisting opposing circuit pair wires together in copper cabling?

To mitigate crosstalk Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between single-mode fiber and multimode fiber?

The size of the core and the type of light source used Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of increased dispersion in multimode fiber?

Increased loss of signal strength Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of fiber-optic cabling in network infrastructure?

As backbone cabling for high-traffic, point-to-point connections Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using metallic shielding and grounding in copper cabling?

To reduce electromagnetic interference and radio-frequency interference Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum distance that multimode fiber can transmit data?

550 meters Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of light source used in multimode fiber?

LED Signup and view all the answers