Podcast
Questions and Answers
What must an employer obtain before assigning an employee to jobs that require a respirator?
What must an employer obtain before assigning an employee to jobs that require a respirator?
What is the formula for calculating stress generated in an object?
What is the formula for calculating stress generated in an object?
What depth requires shoring for a trench?
What depth requires shoring for a trench?
What is the maximum allowable slope for a ramp?
What is the maximum allowable slope for a ramp?
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What does CAD stand for?
What does CAD stand for?
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What can a manufacturer be held liable for if a product fails to meet a warranty?
What can a manufacturer be held liable for if a product fails to meet a warranty?
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What does URL stand for in web terminology?
What does URL stand for in web terminology?
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What is required for proper anchorage in a fall arrest system?
What is required for proper anchorage in a fall arrest system?
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Which insurance type addresses loss of income and extra expenses to operate a business?
Which insurance type addresses loss of income and extra expenses to operate a business?
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What is the maximum time a GFCI can take to open a circuit?
What is the maximum time a GFCI can take to open a circuit?
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What does the CE marking on a product indicate?
What does the CE marking on a product indicate?
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What does the order of testing atmosphere in a confined space prioritize?
What does the order of testing atmosphere in a confined space prioritize?
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What is a requirement for employers using contractors for work with highly hazardous chemicals?
What is a requirement for employers using contractors for work with highly hazardous chemicals?
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What must the emergency action plan developed under Process Safety Management include?
What must the emergency action plan developed under Process Safety Management include?
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Which properties characterize highly hazardous chemicals as defined by OSHA?
Which properties characterize highly hazardous chemicals as defined by OSHA?
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What system do wet collectors or scrubbers use to remove contaminants from the air?
What system do wet collectors or scrubbers use to remove contaminants from the air?
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What information does the UN labeling system provide regarding hazardous materials?
What information does the UN labeling system provide regarding hazardous materials?
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How much should the Noise Reduction Rating (NRR) be derated for earmuffs according to NIOSH?
How much should the Noise Reduction Rating (NRR) be derated for earmuffs according to NIOSH?
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What does the term radioactivity refer to?
What does the term radioactivity refer to?
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What are the units of measure for radioactivity?
What are the units of measure for radioactivity?
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What is required of employers under the Process Safety Management standard?
What is required of employers under the Process Safety Management standard?
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How often must employers certify their compliance with OSHA standards?
How often must employers certify their compliance with OSHA standards?
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What is the minimum unlocking strength required for tagout devices?
What is the minimum unlocking strength required for tagout devices?
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What is the wavelength range of Far-infrared (IR-C)?
What is the wavelength range of Far-infrared (IR-C)?
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What is classified as a chemical hazard group?
What is classified as a chemical hazard group?
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What procedure involves closing and locking/tagging two in-line valves?
What procedure involves closing and locking/tagging two in-line valves?
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Which class of lasers can cause eye injury with a maximum output of 500mW?
Which class of lasers can cause eye injury with a maximum output of 500mW?
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Which of the following materials reacts with acids to produce salt, water, and carbon dioxide?
Which of the following materials reacts with acids to produce salt, water, and carbon dioxide?
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What is the function of an electrostatic precipitator?
What is the function of an electrostatic precipitator?
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What action does inerting involve in a permit space?
What action does inerting involve in a permit space?
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What is the minimum retention period for the original copy of the Department of Transportation inspection report?
What is the minimum retention period for the original copy of the Department of Transportation inspection report?
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What is the primary purpose of electrical bonding?
What is the primary purpose of electrical bonding?
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Which chemical properties are associated with highly hazardous chemicals according to OSHA?
Which chemical properties are associated with highly hazardous chemicals according to OSHA?
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What can happen when sodium hydroxide is mixed with water or solvents?
What can happen when sodium hydroxide is mixed with water or solvents?
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How often should operating procedures certification be updated?
How often should operating procedures certification be updated?
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How many sections are there in a Safety Data Sheet (SDS)?
How many sections are there in a Safety Data Sheet (SDS)?
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What classification does NFPA 101 Life Safety Code use for buildings based on content hazards?
What classification does NFPA 101 Life Safety Code use for buildings based on content hazards?
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What is the correct sequence of atmospheric testing in a confined space?
What is the correct sequence of atmospheric testing in a confined space?
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What is a scotoma?
What is a scotoma?
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What wavelength range does near-infrared radiation cover?
What wavelength range does near-infrared radiation cover?
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Study Notes
Respirator Use
- Employers must obtain physician permission for respirator use before assigning employees to jobs requiring a respirator.
Stress and Force
- Stress in an object equals the force applied divided by the area it's applied to.
Trenches and Shoring
- Shoring is needed for trenches deeper than 4 feet unless sloped or in stable rock.
- Trenches can't be wider than 15 feet.
Standards and Organizations
- The American Society of Mechanical Engineers has the most standards for unfired pressure vessels.
Ramps and Safety
- Maximum ramp slope is 15 degrees and should never exceed 20 degrees.
- If an unsafe act is observed during inspections, the inspector must stop the act, train, instruct on safe procedures, and report the unsafe act to the supervisor.
Guarding and Safety
- Fixed guarding is adaptable to applications, highly protective, and low-maintenance.
CAD and Software
- CAD stands for Computer-Aided Design.
- CAD/CAM stands for Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing.
- Word processing and database management are common software packages used in occupational safety.
Warranties and Liability
- Manufacturers are liable if a product fails to meet its warranty.
SQL and URL
- SQL stands for Structured Query Language.
- URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator.
Inspections and Notifications
- Minor infractions should be reported to the supervisor in writing.
Contractors and Hazardous Chemicals
- Employers must screen contractors for handling hazardous chemicals, assess their work methods, and maintain injury/illness logs.
Process Safety Management
- Employers must develop and implement emergency action plans that include alarm systems, evacuation/relocation, and pre-planning for releases.
- OSHA compliance must be evaluated every 3 years.
Highly Hazardous Chemicals
- OSHA's Process Safety Management standard specifies substances with toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive properties.
Air Collection Systems
- Wet collectors/scrubbers use water to remove particulate contaminants.
- Fabric collectors use filters.
UN Labeling System
- The UN labeling system describes packaging and packaging material, but doesn't replace identifying dangerous goods labels.
Hearing Protection and NIOSH
- NIOSH recommends 25%, 50%, and 75% NRR reductions for earmuffs, formable earplugs, and other earplugs, respectively.
Radioactivity and Units
- Radioactivity quantifies ionizing radiation from a material, measured in Curies (Ci) and Becquerels (Bq).
- Exposure quantifies radiation traveling through air, measured in Roentgens (R) and C/kg.
Process Safety Management (cont.)
- OSHA's process safety management standard applies to facilities operated, maintained, or serviced by occasional employees.
- Highly hazardous chemicals are defined by their toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive properties.
Process Flow Diagrams and Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams
- These are required under OSHA's process safety management standard.
Employee Participation
- Employer's must screen contractors and the employer must establish a process to ensure contractor safety.
Process Technology Information
- Maximum inventory limits, upset conditions, and qualitative consequences of design deviations are critical process technology information elements.
Process Hazard Analysis
- Detailed guidance for process hazard analysis methodologies is available from the American Chemical Society; procedures need to be updated annually.
Pre-Start Up Safety Review
- Construction must adhere to design specifications. Procedures must be adequate, and training must be completed before start-up.
Emergency Action Plan
- Emergency plans should include alarm systems, evacuation/relocation, and pre-planning for releases.
Certification
- Employers must verify compliance with OSHA standards at least every 3 years.
Engineering Controls
- Examples include placing shields between radiation sources and employees.
Point Source Airborne Contaminants
- General ventilation with a compression of 10 or more is used to control point sources.
Insurance
- Stock Insurance Company is one type of profit-motivated insurance company. Manufacturers and contractors often require manufacturers' insurance coverage for hazardous cleanup.
Ventilation Design
- Air changes per unit volume are calculated by dividing the volumetric flow rate by the room volume.
Chemical Labels
- Chemical drums, cylinders, and bottles should have labels for hazardous chemicals.
OCP
- OCP stands for ... (Note: Full information is missing in the provided excerpt)
Data Loggers
- Data loggers are electronic instruments used to collect and store measurements from sensors.
- They convert physical phenomena and stimuli into electronic signals.
Safety Data Sheets
- Safety Data Sheets contain 16 sections.
- OSHA does not enforce sections 12, 13, 14, and 15.
NFPA 101 Life Safety Code
- Classifies buildings/structures based on hazard content, including low, ordinary, and high hazards.
Atmospheric Testing
- Testing order for confined spaces is Oxygen first, then flammability, and lastly, toxicity.
Radiation
- Near-infrared radiation is invisible, warm, and ranges from 700nm to 1400nm.
- Scotoma is loss of vision due to retinal damage. (from absorbed radiation)
Insurance Coverage
- Insurance covers property, liability, and life insurance.
Business Income Coverage
- Business income covers lost income and operating expenses.
Safety Concepts
- GFCI (Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter) opens circuits quickly to reduce risks.
- Fall arrest systems absorb fall energy.
- Welding can produce ozone.
Advanced Safety Concepts
- Hexavalent chromium forms from specific processes.
- Total system pressure equals velocity and static pressures.
- CE markings indicate compliance with health and safety standards (Europe).
Process Safety Management (cont.)
- Plans must include alarm systems, evacuation, and pre-planning for releases.
- OSHA compliance must be ensured every 3 years.
Safety Regulations
- Employers must retain 2 recent compliance audit reports.
- DOT requires retention of all inspection reports for 14 months.
Laser and Infrared Concepts
- Infrared-B wavelength is 1.4 to 3 micrometers.
- Far-infrared (IR-C) wavelength is 3 to 1000 micrometers.
- LASER stands for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation.
Electrical and Fire Safety
- Electrical bonding creates a conductive path for electricity.
- Tagout devices require a minimum unlock strength of 50 pounds.
Chemical Hazards
- Perchloric Acid is used in electroplating and firefighting, and can cause heat and explosions.
- Sodium Hydroxide can cause heat and explosions with water or solvents.
- Metal carbonates react with acids to make salt, water, and carbon dioxide.
Safety Procedures
- Double Block and Bleed is a procedure to close a line or pipe.
- Line breaking intentionally opens pipes.
- Inerting displaces the atmosphere in a confined space with a non-flammable gas.
Air Collection Systems (cont.)
- Cyclone collectors aren't ideal for tiny particles.
- Electrostatic precipitators remove tiny particles from air.
Hazardous Materials and Chemicals
- Class 3B lasers max out at 500mW.
- Class 4 lasers are also fire hazards.
Electrical Bonding (cont.)
- Electrical bonding connects metallic parts for electrical conduction.
Tagout Devices and Sodium Hydroxide Hazards
- Sodium hydroxide can heat up, and become explosive with water or solvents. Tagout devices have a 50-pound minimum unlock strength.
==Chemical Reactions and Hazards (cont.)==
- Metal carbonates react with acids to create salts, water, and carbon dioxide.
Highly Hazardous Chemicals & Process Safety Management (cont.)
- OSHA process safety management standard covers toxic, reactive, flammable, and explosive chemicals.
- Employee participation is mandated by the Clean Air Act.
- Process technology information includes maximum inventories, upset condition limits, and qualitative consequences.
Process Hazard Analysis & Operating Procedures (cont.)
- Detailed process hazard analysis guidelines are available from ACS (American Chemical Society).
- Operating procedure certifications need to be updated annually.
- Employers need clear processes to hire contractors capable of handling hazardous chemicals.
Safety Data Sheets & NFPA 101 Life Safety Code (cont.)
- OSHA does not enforce sections 12, 13, 14, and 15 of Safety Data Sheets (SDS).
- NFPA 101 classifies facilities into low, ordinary, and high hazard categories.
Atmospheric Testing & Radiation (cont.)
- Testing order for confined spaces is Oxygen, Flammability, and then Toxicity.
- Near-infrared radiation is invisible, feels warm, and ranges from 700nm to 1400nm.
- Scotoma is a loss of partial vision.
Hazardous Materials & Chemicals (cont.)
- Class 3B lasers max out at 500mW
- Class 4 lasers can cause eye and skin issues.
Electrical Bonding (cont.)
- Electrical bonding connects metallic parts for electric conduction and continuity. Ensuring safe current flow.
Tagout Devices & Sodium Hydroxide Hazards (cont.)
- Tagout devices need 50 lb minimum unlock strength.
- Heat and explosions can occur with NaOh.
Chemical Reactions & Hazardous (cont.)
- Metal carbonates react with acids to create salts, water, and carbon dioxide.
- Chemical hazards are broadly toxic, reactive, corrosive, and flammable.
Dipping and Coating Operations
- Vapor concentrations must stay beneath 25% of the Lower Flammable Limit (LFL)
- Written procedures for modifications are required.
Air Collection Systems (cont.)
- Cyclone collectors work for air collection but not for minute particles.
- Electrostatic precipitators help with minute particles.
Particle Size & Measurement
- Coarse particles are 2500-10000 nanometers
- Fine particles are 100-2500 nanometers
- Nanoparticles are 1 to 100 nanometers.
- Atoms and small molecules are smaller than 0.1 nanometers.
Ladder Safety
- Ladders need minimum 3.5 feet extension above landing points.
- Clearances behind ladders (7 inches) are necessary.
- Clear climbing space is required (30 inches minimum)
Fire Suppression
- FM (Factory Mutual) certification commonly appears on fire suppression product labels.
Control Systems
- Active controls require user input before operation (continuous or periodic).
- Passive controls operate without user input(continuous or periodic).
Fall Arrest Systems
- Fall arrest equipment needs to support at least 5,000 pounds.
Loss Exposures
- Basic business interruption coverage covers property, risks, and consequences.
Advanced Safety Concepts (cont.)
- Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) open circuits in 0.02–0.03 seconds.
- Fall arrest systems absorb fall energy.
- Welding and ozone creation.
- Total pressure equals velocity and static pressure for sealed ventilation systems.
Web and Computer Concepts
- URLs (Uniform Resource Locators) are the internet addresses.
- HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is used for hyperlinks, images, and text.
- Advantages of peer-to-peer networks = inexpensive, simple, and decentralization.
Scientific Concepts / Safety Regulations
- Spectrometers measure liquid or solid transmission as a wavelength function.
- A spectrometer transmits wavelengths for liquids or solids.
- Water solubility is the maximum solute amount in a solution at equilibrium.
Safety Regulations (cont.)
- OSHA regulates compressed gas breathing air (including grade D).
- NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) has a Carcinogenicity classification; this includes Group 1, Group 2A, Group 2B, Group 3 and Group 4 classes. PSM (Process Safety Management) investigations should be completed in 48 hours.
Crane Operations
- Crane rated load must not exceed its designed capacity.
Radiation Safety (cont.)
- Absorbed dose measures radiation absorbed.
- Dose equivalent incorporates absorbed dose and health effects.
- Testing order is oxygen, flammability, and then toxicity for confined spaces.
Fire Safety
- Particle suspension in air is one element needed for fire.
- Illuminating Engineering Society recommends illumination standards.
Respiratory Protection (cont.)
- Closed-circuit SCBAs recycle air, purify, and add oxygen.
- Open-circuit SCBAs provide high-pressure air and exhaust exhaled air.
Electrical Safety (cont.)
- Fail-safe designs for spare pumps activate spares when the primary cooling pump fails.
- Electrical bonding removes potential between conductors. Electrical arcing is electric discharge through air.
- Lead-acid battery charging can create hydrogen.
- Protective clothing is good for static electricity control.
Hazards and Risk Assessment (cont.)
- Negligible, marginal, catastrophic, and critical are severity-of-effect categories.
- Combining chemicals can have synergistic, additive, antagonistic, or potentiating effects.
- BLEVE stands for Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion.
Radiation Safety (cont.)
- Curie (Ci) and Becquerel (Bq) quantify radioactivity.
- Roentgen (R) and Coulombs per kilogram (C/kg) measure exposure.
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Description
Test your knowledge on OSHA safety regulations and workplace safety standards. This quiz covers various aspects such as respiratory protection, fall arrest systems, and chemical safety. Perfect for employees and managers seeking to ensure compliance with safety protocols.
