OSHA Module 11 Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

___ soil has a high clay content and is very durable and strong.

cohesive

___ refers to the soil removed from an excavation.

spoils

Which of the following is an example of the dangers posed by excavations?

  • Cave-ins
  • Falling loads
  • All the above (correct)
  • Hazardous gases

Oxygen concentration in the air is considered deficient if it drops below ___%.

<p>19.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

Before excavation work begins, employers must:

<p>All the above (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Submerged soil or soil from which water is freely oozing may be classified as ___ soil.

<p>type c</p> Signup and view all the answers

Heaving or squeezing would be indicated by which of the following signs?

<p>Bulge at the bottom (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of protection involves vertical sidewalls with horizontal struts?

<p>Trench boxes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Shaping a moist or wet sample of soil into a ball and rolling it into threads is called a ___ test.

<p>plasticity</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cohesive Soil

Soil with a high clay content, known for its durability and strength, due to the attraction between soil particles.

Spoils

Spoils are the excavated material, such as soil, rocks, and debris, that is removed during an excavation project.

Excavation Dangers

Excavations can be dangerous due to cave-ins, falling loads, hazardous atmospheres and incidents involving mobile equipment.

Oxygen Deficiency

An oxygen-deficient atmosphere is one containing less than 19.5% oxygen, posing a risk of asphyxiation.

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Pre-Excavation Steps

Employers must locate utilities, assess hazards, and provide protective systems before excavations begin.

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Type C Soil

Type C soil is unstable soil, including submerged soil or soil from which water is freely oozing.

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Heaving or Squeezing

Heaving or squeezing is when the soil at the bottom of an excavation bulges, indicating instability.

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Trench Boxes

Trench boxes use vertical sidewalls supported by horizontal struts to protect against cave-ins.

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Plasticity Test

A plasticity test involves shaping a moist soil sample into a ball and rolling it into threads to evaluate its consistency and clay content.

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Study Notes

Soil Types and Properties

  • Cohesive soil is characterized by high clay content, making it durable and strong.

Excavation Terminology

  • Spoils refer to the soil that has been removed during an excavation process.

Hazards of Excavation

  • Dangers posed by excavations can include various risks, categorized under "all the above."

Air Quality Standards

  • Oxygen concentration is considered deficient in the air if it drops below 19.5%.

Pre-Excavation Requirements

  • Before beginning excavation work, employers must fulfill certain obligations collectively categorized as "all the above."

Soil Classification

  • Submerged soil or soil with freely oozing water is classified as Type C soil, indicating higher instability.

Signs of Soil Movement

  • Heaving or squeezing in soil is suggested by a bulge at the bottom, indicating structural issues.

Protection Methods in Excavation

  • Trench boxes are a method of protection that uses vertical sidewalls reinforced with horizontal struts.

Soil Testing Methods

  • The plasticity test involves shaping a moist or wet soil sample into a ball and rolling it into threads to assess its plasticity characteristics.

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