OSHA Hazard Communication Flashcards

Hazard Communication Basics

• Chemicals can enter the body through inhalation, ingestion, absorption (skin/eyes), or injection.
• Acute exposure refers to short-term interaction causing immediate health hazards.
• Chronic exposure involves repeated interactions over extended periods, potentially leading to permanent health effects, such as cancer from asbestos.

Right-to-Know Law

• Employers, chemical manufacturers, distributors, and inspectors must provide information under the Right-to-Know Law.
• This law mandates Safety Data Sheets (SDS) and labeling on chemical containers.

Safety Data Sheets (SDS) Requirements

• Each SDS must be legible, updated with new information, and printed in English, with other languages optional.
• SDS Section 1 provides identification details, including product name, manufacturer contact information, and recommended use.
• Section 2 details hazards of chemicals and required label elements.
• Section 3 outlines chemical composition and trade secret claims.
• Section 4 describes first-aid measures for exposure effects and required treatments.
• Section 5 discusses fire-fighting measures, including appropriate extinguishing methods and chemical-related fire hazards.
• Section 6 addresses accidental release procedures, protective equipment, and cleanup methods.
• Section 7 lists handling and storage precautions and incompatibilities.
• Section 8 outlines exposure controls, including OSHA's Permissible Exposure Limits (PELs) and personal protective equipment (PPE).
• Section 9 covers physical and chemical properties of the chemical.
• Section 10 reviews chemical stability and the potential for hazardous reactions.
• Section 11 focuses on toxicological information, detailing exposure routes and toxicity measures.
• Section 16 provides other information, including preparation and last revision dates.

Hazardous Symbols and Their Meanings

• The Health Hazard pictogram indicates carcinogens, mutagens, reproductive toxicity, respiratory sensitizers, and organ toxicity.
• The Flame pictogram signifies flammable materials, including pyrophorics and self-heating substances.
• The Gas Cylinder pictogram denotes gases under pressure.
• The Exclamation Mark pictogram warns of irritants and harmful acute toxicity.
• The Skull and Crossbones symbol signals acute toxicity that can be fatal or toxic.
• The Exploding Bomb pictogram indicates explosive hazards.
• The Corrosion pictogram warns of skin and eye corrosion, as well as metal corrosion.
• The Flame Over Circle hazard pertains to oxidizers.
• The Environmental Hazard pictogram concerns aquatic toxicity.

Employer Responsibilities in Hazard Communication

• Employers must maintain Safety Data Sheets, ensure labeling on containers, conduct training, and maintain a chemical inventory list.
• SDS must adhere to a consistent format mandated by hazardous communication regulations.

Training Program Requirements

• Employer training programs should encompass chemical handling specific to work areas, required personal protective equipment, and health and physical hazards associated with chemicals present in the workplace.

Test your knowledge of chemical exposure and safety protocols with these OSHA hazard communication flashcards. Learn the different ways chemicals can enter the body and differentiate between acute and chronic exposure. Ideal for students studying occupational safety and health standards.