Oseltamivir Flashcards

Study Notes

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu) Overview

Trade name is Tamiflu, an antiviral medication used for influenza.
Classified under therapeutic antivirals and pharmacologic neuraminidase inhibitors.

Clinical Information

Classified as Pregnancy Category C; animal studies indicate adverse fetal effects; benefits might outweigh risks in pregnant women.
Indicated for treatment of acute influenza symptoms in adults and children over 2 weeks old who show symptoms for up to 2 days, as well as for prevention in patients aged 1 year and older.

Mechanism and Effects

Acts by inhibiting the enzyme neuraminidase, potentially altering virus particle aggregation and release.
Therapeutic effect includes reduced duration or prevention of flu-related symptoms.

Pharmacokinetics

Rapid absorption occurs in the gastrointestinal tract; converted by liver to its active form.

Adverse Effects

Notable side effects include seizures, abnormal behavior, agitation, confusion, delirium, hallucinations, insomnia, nightmares, and gastrointestinal issues like nausea and vomiting.

Drug Interactions

Can decrease the effectiveness of influenza virus vaccines; should be avoided for 2 days before and 2 weeks after vaccination.

Dosage Guidelines

Recommended treatment includes:
- Adults and children 13 years and older: 75 mg twice daily for 5 days.
- Dosage adjusts for children based on weight, ranging from 30 mg to 75 mg twice daily.
- Prevention: 75 mg once daily for at least 10 days for both adults and children, with similar adjustments based on weight for younger patients.

Assessment and Monitoring

Monitor for common influenza symptoms, including fever and cough. Additional supportive treatments may be required.

Administration Guidelines

Initiate treatment within 2 days of symptom onset. Medication can be taken with food to minimize gastrointestinal irritation.
Proper measuring devices should be used to prevent dosing errors; capsules can be mixed with foods if the oral suspension isn’t available.

Patient Teaching

Instruct patients to start medication quickly upon symptom onset and to complete the entire course, even if feeling better.
Advise on managing missed doses without doubling and alert patients not to share medication with others.
Emphasize that Tamiflu is not a substitute for influenza vaccine; annual flu vaccination is still recommended.

Expected Outcomes

Patients should experience a reduction in duration or prevention of flu-related symptoms following appropriate use of the medication.

Description

This quiz features flashcards focused on the antiviral medication Oseltamivir, known by its trade name Tamiflu. It includes definitions related to its therapeutic and pharmacologic classifications, as well as essential information regarding its pregnancy category. Perfect for students in pharmacology or related health fields.