Orthopedics Quiz: Hand and Wrist Conditions
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Questions and Answers

Which sign indicates weakness of the adductor pollicis due to ulnar neuropathy?

  • Wartenberg's sign
  • Finkelstein's sign
  • Froment's sign (correct)
  • De Quervain's sign

    • What is the most commonly fractured carpal bone?

  • Scaphoid (correct)
  • Pisiform
  • Lunate
  • Triquetrum

    • Which condition is associated with the + Finkelstein test?

  • Cubital tunnel syndrome
  • Dupuytren contractures
  • Guyon canal syndrome
  • De Quervain disease (correct)

    • Which syndrome is characterized by atrophy of the hypothenar muscles?

    <p>Guyon canal syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activity is most likely to cause De Quervain disease?

    <p>Repetitive abduction and extension of the thumb</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive Finkelstein's test indicate?

    <p>De Quervain's tenosynovitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of a positive Watson's test?

    <p>Indicates carpal instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is indicated by tenderness in the anatomical snuffbox?

    <p>Scaphoid fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physical exam finding is associated with Gamekeeper's thumb?

    <p>Radial instability at the thumb MCP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Tinel's sign test for?

    <p>Median nerve compression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized primarily by chronic symptoms associated with repetitive use?

    <p>De Quervain disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the clinical presentation of carpal tunnel syndrome?

    <p>Tingling in the thumb and first two fingers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which injury is commonly associated with a 'fall on outstretched hand' (FOOSH)?

    <p>Scaphoid fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Medial Epicondylitis Test?

    <p>To evaluate for medial epicondylitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical feature is associated with radial head subluxation (Nursemaid’s Elbow)?

    <p>Child holding the arm flexed and pronated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physical exam finding is characteristic of olecranon bursitis?

    <p>Erythema and localized swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What maneuver is typically used in the treatment of radial head subluxation?

    <p>Hyperpronation maneuver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is indicated by pain at the lateral epicondyle during specific physical examination maneuvers?

    <p>Lateral epicondylitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of a radial head fracture?

    <p>A fall on an outstretched hand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the typical etiology of medial epicondylitis?

    <p>Inflammation due to overuse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of elbow disorders, what does 'hemarthrosis' refer to?

    <p>Bleeding into the joint space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physical examination test indicates an injury to the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)?

    <p>Lachman Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle's injury is associated with a positive Hornblower’s sign?

    <p>Teres Minor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Valgus Stress Test assess?

    <p>Injury to the MCL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tests is used to assess the integrity of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)?

    <p>Posterior Drawer Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical sign indicates a potential meniscus tear during a physical examination?

    <p>McMurray Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movement is primarily assessed by the Jobe test?

    <p>External rotation of the shoulder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Osgood-Schlatter disease, where is the pain typically localized?

    <p>Tibial tuberosity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test indicates a weakness in the shoulder's internal rotation?

    <p>Lift Off Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physical exam finding is associated with an increased tibial anterior gliding?

    <p>ACL tear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which knee disorder is characterized as localized necrosis of subchondral bone due to repetitive stress?

    <p>Osteochondritis dissecans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common primary malignant bone tumor in adolescents?

    <p>Osteosarcoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which benign bone tumor is responsive to NSAID therapy?

    <p>Osteoid Osteoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What cell type gives rise to osteosarcoma?

    <p>Osteoblasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tumor is characterized by a bony outgrowth next to growth plates?

    <p>Osteochondroma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes osteomalacia from other bone conditions?

    <p>Defective bone matrix mineralization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tumor primarily arises from chondroblasts?

    <p>Chondrosarcoma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the most common location for Ewing sarcoma?

    <p>Diaphysis of long bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is osteoblastoma different from osteoid osteoma?

    <p>Osteoblastoma is larger than 2 cm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of giant cell tumors?

    <p>Located in the epiphysis or metaphysis of long bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary clinical feature of lateral epicondylitis?

    <p>Tenderness over the lateral epicondyle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to assess the integrity of the AC joint?

    <p>Scarf Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common risk factor for adhesive capsulitis?

    <p>Hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which maneuver is utilized to test for supraspinatus tears?

    <p>Jobe Empty Can Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical feature indicates a posterior shoulder dislocation?

    <p>Arm adducted and internally rotated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is associated with pain during overhead activities?

    <p>Shoulder impingement syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to assess for labral tears?

    <p>Crank Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a definitive feature of biceps tendonitis?

    <p>Tenderness over the bicipital groove</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test indicates supraspinatus impingement?

    <p>Hawkin’s Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Sulcus Sign indicate during the physical examination?

    <p>Shoulder instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following indicates a supraspinatus tear?

    <p>Weakness in resisted forward flexion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical feature is common in shoulder separation?

    <p>Gross deformity around the shoulder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physical examination finding is characteristic of adhesive capsulitis?

    <p>Stiffness with both active and passive range of motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which maneuver is performed to assess for subscapularis tears?

    <p>Belly Press Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary risk factor associated with Dupuytren contractures?

    <p>Cigarette smoking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following clinical signs is associated with ulnar neuropathy?

    <p>Froment’s sign</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What activity is most associated with Guyon canal syndrome?

    <p>Cycling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by pain upon applying pressure to the anatomical snuffbox?

    <p>Scaphoid fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common clinical feature associated with carpal tunnel syndrome?

    <p>Tingling in the fingers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by localized anterior knee pain that worsens with activity and is most common in active adolescents?

    <p>Osgood-Schlatter disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary clinical feature associated with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury?

    <p>Immediate hemarthrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is most commonly associated with the 'unhappy triad' injury?

    <p>Anterior cruciate ligament tear</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physical exam finding is indicative of a medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury?

    <p>Widening of medial joint space with valgus stress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical feature is commonly observed in a posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury?

    <p>Dashboard injury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical location is notable for a Baker's cyst?

    <p>Popliteal fossa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical finding is most associated with prepatellar bursitis?

    <p>Localized anterior knee swelling and pain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the anatomical alignment seen in genu varum?

    <p>Bowleg deformity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive FADIR Test indicate?

    <p>Hip impingement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by an antalgic gait and hip pain that may refer to the knee in a child?

    <p>Legg-Calve Perthes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical feature suggests trochanteric bursitis during examination?

    <p>Tenderness over the greater trochanter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive Spurling's Test indicate?

    <p>Cervical radiculopathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is used to assess for flexion contracture of the hip?

    <p>Thomas Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is characterized by electrical shock sensations running down the spine?

    <p>Lhermitte Sign</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is most commonly associated with a slipping of the femoral metaphysis relative to the epiphysis?

    <p>Slipped capital femoral epiphysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which spinal disorder involves the anterior slipping of a vertebral body over an adjacent vertebra?

    <p>Spondylolisthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive Ober’s Test imply?

    <p>Tightness of the iliotibial band</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physical examination maneuver is used to assess lumbar nerve root impingement?

    <p>Straight Leg Raise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary pathophysiological feature of Paget's disease?

    <p>Increased osteoclast activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clinical presentation associated with developmental dysplasia of the hip?

    <p>Clunk on hip examination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary implication of the Trendelenburg Sign?

    <p>Weakness of the gluteus medius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common risk factor for developing spondylolisthesis?

    <p>Weightlifting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which test is performed by flexing and abducting the hip and extending it back to assess for IT band tightness?

    <p>FABER Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition can present with morning stiffness that improves with exercise?

    <p>Ankylosing spondylitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of fractures of the femoral neck?

    <p>Avascular necrosis complications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Straight Leg Raise test primarily assess?

    <p>Radicular pain due to disc protrusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What angle defines abnormal thoracic kyphosis?

    <p>More than 40 degrees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition involves spontaneous vertebral fractures from minimal trauma due to underlying bone weakness?

    <p>Pathologic vertebral fractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the abbreviation AROM stand for?

    <p>Active range of motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which abbreviation refers to the anterior cruciate ligament?

    <p>ACL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is indicated by the abbreviation CTS?

    <p>Carpal tunnel syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the posterior superior iliac spine?

    <p>PSIS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is associated with knee instability and refers to a ligament?

    <p>MCL</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the abbreviation PROM refer to?

    <p>Passive range of motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term SLAP tear refer to?

    <p>Superior labrum from anterior to posterior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary risk factor for an Achilles’ tendon rupture?

    <p>Fluoroquinolone use</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament is most commonly injured in a 'low' ankle sprain?

    <p>Anterior talofibular ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clinical feature of plantar fasciitis?

    <p>Sharp heel pain worse during initial steps</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a positive Thompson Squeeze Test indicate?

    <p>Achilles tendon rupture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following tests assesses the integrity of the calcaneofibular ligament?

    <p>Inversion Stress Test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common consequence of Charcot neuropathy?

    <p>Joint destruction due to microtrauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary pathogenesis behind acquired pes planus?

    <p>Posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which exam finding is associated with a calcaneofibular ligament injury?

    <p>Increased laxity with foot inversion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hallmark clinical presentation of achilles tendon rupture?

    <p>Patient reports a 'pop' during activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is commonly observed in a clinical examination of a patient with plantar fasciitis?

    <p>Point tenderness at the medial tuberosity of calcaneus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Musculoskeletal (MSK) Course Primer

    • The course is directed by Dr. Kamalpreet Buttar, MD and Dr. Farzana Nuruzzaman, MD.
    • It was created by Jack Scheutzow and Kevin Kashanchi.
    • The document is a primer for MSK topics.
    • It includes a table of contents to go directly to sections on spine, hand/wrist, elbow, shoulder, knee, hip, ankle/foot, bone biology, additional videos, and abbreviations.

    Spine

    • Learning Objectives include knowledge of cervical and lumbar spine physical examination components.
    • Understanding implications of Spurling's Test, Lhermitte Sign, and Straight Leg Raise.
    • Identification of clinical presentation, physical examination findings, and basic management for spinal disorders like thoracic kyphosis, vertebral fractures (pathologic), disc herniation, lumbar disc (L4-L5), cervical disc (posterolateral annulus fibrosus), Paget's disease (Osteitis deformans), spondylolisthesis (risk factors), ankylosis/spondyloarthropathies, cervical nerve radiculopathy, and enthesopathy of the spine.

    Hand/Wrist

    • Learning Objectives include the components of hand and wrist physical examination.
    • Understanding the implications of Finkelstein's test, Watson's test, Snuff Box Tenderness, Gamekeeper's thumb, Tinel's sign, Phalen's sign, and Wartenberg's sign.
    • Identification of clinical presentation, physical examination findings, and basic management of hand/wrist disorders such as Dupuytren contractures, anatomic snuff box fractures (Scaphoid fracture), De Quervain disease, Acute carpal tunnel syndrome, chronic (associated with conditions like pregnancy, RA, hypothyroidism, DM, dialysis-related amyloidosis, repetitive use), Guyon canal syndrome, and injuries from "fall on outstretched hand".

    Elbow

    • Learning Objectives include components of elbow physical examination, tests for medial/lateral epicondylitis (golfer's/tennis elbow), and management of olecranon bursitis, radial head subluxation/fracture, distal biceps tendon rupture, lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow), medial epicondylitis (golfer's elbow), and enthesopathy of the elbow.

    Shoulder

    • Learning Objectives include components of shoulder physical examination, tests for labral tears(O'Brien's and Crank Test), AC joint, and shoulder instability (Sulcus, Anterior Drawer, and Posterior Drawer tests). Identify clinical presentation, physical examination findings, and basic management of bicipital tendonitis, adhesive capsulitis (“frozen shoulder syndrome”), shoulder impingement syndromes (supraspinatus syndrome), shoulder separation (injury to coracoclavicular ligament), shoulder dislocation (posterior), injuries to the supraspinatus, subscapularis, infraspinatus, and teres minor.

    Knee

    • Learning Objectives include components of knee physical examination, tests for ACL, MCL, LCL, PCL, meniscus, patella injuries (Anterior Drawer Test, Posterior Drawer Test, Bulge Sign, Abnormal Passive Abduction, Abnormal Passive Adduction, Lachman Test, and McMurray Test). Identify clinical presentation, physical examination findings, and basic management of osteochondritis dissecans, knee dislocation, lateral collateral ligament injury, medial collateral ligament injury, anterior cruciate ligament injury, posterior cruciate ligament injury, Osgood-Schlatter disease, chondromalacia patella, genu valgum or varum, prepatellar bursitis, Baker cyst, and “Unhappy triad” injury.

    Hip

    • Learning Objectives include the components of hip physical examination, tests for hip disorders (FABER test, FADIR test, LOG roll test, Stinchfield test, Thomas test, and Ober's test.). Identify clinical presentation, physical examination findings, and basic management of trochanteric bursitis, slipped capital femoral epiphysis, Legg-Calve Perthes, developmental dysplasia of hip, fractures of the femur, and fractures of the femoral neck.

    Ankle & Foot

    • Learning Objectives include ankle/foot anatomy, physical examination components, tests like Anterior Drawer Test, Inversion Stress Test, Thompson Squeeze Test, and management of ankle fractures (deltoid ligament injury), Achilles' tendon rupture, sprains (anterior talofibular, lateral, tibial collateral ligaments), enthesopathy of the ankle, plantar fasciitis, Charcot joints, pes planus, and varus/valgus deformities of the foot.

    Bone Biology & Bone Tumors

    • Learning Objectives include the disruption of ossification, growth, remodeling, and repair leading to neoplasms. Recognizing unregulated growth and stimulation of chondroblasts can lead to chondroblastomas or chondrosarcoma. Differentiation between histology findings of bone tumors. Distinguish between clinical features of benign and malignant bone neoplasms and cartilage tumors (osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma) and secondary malignant bone tumors by primary, age demographics, and radiographic findings.

    Additional Videos

    • Video links for upper/lower extremities and spine/back are provided.

    Abbreviations

    • A list of common abbreviations and their meanings related to the MSK system.

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    2023 MSK Primer PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on various hand and wrist conditions related to orthopedics. This quiz covers topics such as ulnar neuropathy, carpal bone fractures, and conditions associated with specific tests like Finkelstein. Perfect for students and professionals in the medical field.

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