Orthopedic tests and conditions

A physical therapist is assessing a patient complaining of lower back pain radiating down their leg. Which test would be MOST appropriate to initially assess nerve root irritation?

A patient reports experiencing tingling and numbness in their hand, particularly at night. They deny any recent trauma. Which of the following conditions is MOST likely associated with these symptoms?

A doctor is examining a patient who reports knee pain and suspects a meniscus tear. Which assessment technique should be used to evaluate this type of injury?

During a musculoskeletal assessment, a physical therapist notices a lateral curvature of a patient's spine. This observation is MOST indicative of which condition?

A patient reports a grinding sensation in their knee joint during movement, but denies any pain. Which term BEST describes this sensation?

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Lasegue's test is a physical exam maneuver assessing for lumbosacral nerve root irritation, often indicating lumbar disc herniation.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome results from pressure on the median nerve, often due to repetitive movements.
The temporomandibular joint is a small joint located in front of the ear connects the skull and lower jaw.
Ballottement is a technique to detect fluid or floating structures in the knee.
The snuff box is the hollow area on the back of the wrist at the base of the extended thumb.
Phalen's test involves pressing the back of hands together with flexed wrists for 60 seconds.
A goniometer measures joint angles.
Scoliosis is the lateral curvature of the thoracic and lumbar spine.
Arthritis refers to inflammation or swelling of one or more joints.
Cervical spondylosis is age-related wear and tear affecting spinal disks in the neck.
Lordosis is the inward curvature of the lumbar spine.
McMurray's test evaluates individuals for tears in the meniscus of the knee.
Gait refers to a person's manner of walking.
Diarthroses are freely movable joints.
Crepitus is grinding, creaking, cracking, grating, crunching, or popping when moving a joint.
Synarthroses are immovable joints.
Kyphosis is the outward curvature of the thoracic spine.
Genu varum affects alignment of bones in a person's leg.
Bursae are small sacs filled with lubricating fluid present in joints, especially synovial joints, between tendons and bones.
The sternoclavicular joint is the junction between the sternum's manubrium and the clavicle, with no obvious movements.

Overview of orthopedic assessments and conditions, like Lasegue's test, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Temporomandibular joint, Ballottement, and the anatomical snuff box. Also covers Phalen's test, goniometer use, scoliosis, arthritis, cervical spondylosis, lordosis, and McMurray's test.