Recent

  • Show all results for ""
Orthopedic Surgery Overview
42 Questions
2 Views

Orthopedic Surgery Overview

Created by
@IntuitiveIridium

Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of the ASIF/AO Plating System?

  • To provide synthetic sutures for meniscal tears
  • To repair long bone fractures in trauma surgery (correct)
  • To perform arthroscopy on knee injuries
  • To insert intramedullary rods for femur fractures

    • Which step is NOT part of the sequence to fixate a bone?

  • Hold the bone with a bone holder to stabilize the fracture
  • Measure the depth with a depth gauge for screw length
  • Insert intramedullary nails using X-ray guidance (correct)
  • Drill the bone to make a hole for the screw

    • What is an advantage of using intramedullary rods or nails for long bone fractures?

  • Less scarring and reduced risk of infection (correct)
  • Longer recovery time for patients
  • Greater blood loss during the procedure
  • Increased possibility of implant breakage

    • What kind of fractures does the Gamma nail primarily address?

    <p>Intertrochanteric fractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tool is used to stabilize a fracture during the fixation process?

    <p>Bone holder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of suture is commonly used to repair meniscal tears?

    <p>Synthetic absorbable suture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of compression plate is associated with the concepts of locking compression?

    <p>Dynamic Compression Plate (DCP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal when treating a meniscal tear?

    <p>Preserve knee structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of ligaments in the skeletal system?

    <p>Hold bone to bone and provide joint stability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a long bone is known as the shaft?

    <p>Diaphysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bone is described as soft and spongy, containing bone marrow?

    <p>Cancellous Bone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be stripped away when repairing a bone fracture?

    <p>Periosteum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The growth plate, also known as the epiphyseal plate, is found in which part of a long bone?

    <p>Mataphysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bone is known as the longest bone of the upper extremity?

    <p>Humerus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main role of tendons in the skeletal system?

    <p>Transmit forces to bone or cartilage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure covers all articulating surfaces of joints?

    <p>Synovial Membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of graft used in Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) repair?

    <p>Patellar tendon graft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA)?

    <p>Preserve normal ligaments and maintain normal range of motion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of hip fracture is classified as extracapsular?

    <p>Intertrochanteric</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What fixation method is typically used for an Intertrochanteric fracture?

    <p>Dynamic Hip Screw</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a risk associated with femoral neck fractures in elderly women?

    <p>Risk of nonunion and avascular necrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of internal fixation with cannulated screws in femoral neck fractures?

    <p>To achieve stable reduction and promote healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes a bipolar prosthetic from a unipolar prosthetic in total hip arthroplasty?

    <p>Bipolar prosthetics reduce friction between components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fixation method is used for subtrochanteric fractures?

    <p>Intramedullary Nail</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main surgical approach for Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) repair?

    <p>Arthroscopic repair</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component can be used in both unipolar and bipolar total hip arthroplasties?

    <p>Femoral component</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bones form the acetabulum that connects to the femoral head?

    <p>Ilium, Pubis, Ischium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of joint is the knee classified as?

    <p>Hinge joint</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligaments are part of the knee's structure?

    <p>Collateral, Cruciate, Menisci</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many cervical vertebrae are there in the spine?

    <p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a tourniquet in surgical procedures?

    <p>To create a bloodless surgical field</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What materials does bone cement (PMMA) consist of?

    <p>Barium powder and Methyl monomer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of equipment is used for fluoroscopy during surgical procedures?

    <p>C-Arm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key safety precaution when using powered surgical instruments?

    <p>Always test them before handing them to the surgeon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of using a bone graft in surgical interventions?

    <p>To fill defects and promote union of fractures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a benefit of closed reduction surgery?

    <p>Reduced risk of infection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bone graft is obtained from a tissue bank?

    <p>Allograft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main advantage of Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF)?

    <p>It allows for direct visualization of the fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of an external fixation device during fracture repair?

    <p>Provides rigid fixation while allowing access to the fracture site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes cortical bone grafts compared to cancellous bone grafts?

    <p>Cortical grafts require stabilization with ortho hardware</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary aim of fracture surgery?

    <p>To align the fracture for optimal healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be included in the preparation for an implant during surgery?

    <p>Biological indicators must be present</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Orthopedic Surgery Overview

    • The skeletal system consists of 206 bones, supporting soft tissues, facilitating movement, and serving as a framework for ligaments and tendons.
    • Muscles cover bones, enabling movement; ligaments stabilize joints, while tendons connect muscles to bones or cartilage.
    • Joints are the articulation points where bones connect, with cartilage providing cushioning at their ends.

    Bone Anatomy

    • Long Bones: Composed of a diaphysis (shaft), epiphysis (ends with cancellous bone), and metaphysis (growth plate).
    • Periosteum: Connective tissue covering bones, which can be stripped using periosteal elevators during surgical procedures.
    • Cortical Bone: Dense outer layer offering support; cancellous bone is spongy and houses bone marrow located in areas such as the iliac crest and tibia.

    Joint Anatomy

    • Shoulder: A ball-and-socket joint comprised of the rotator cuff muscles and connections between the humerus, ulna, and radius.
    • Hip: Another ball-and-socket joint, consisting of the acetabulum made from the ilium, pubis, and ischium, with the femoral head fitting into it.
    • Knee: A hinge joint featuring collateral ligaments (MCL, LCL), menisci (medial and lateral), and cruciate ligaments (anterior and posterior).

    Equipment in Orthopedic Surgery

    • Operating Room Tables: Jackson Spinal Top for spinal surgery; Fracture Table for treating femoral neck and shaft fractures.
    • Power Surgical Instruments: Includes drills, oscillating saw blades; pneumatically driven, requiring thorough testing prior to use.
    • Radiography Tools: C-Arm for fluoroscopy during procedures, requiring staff to wear lead protection.

    Surgical Interventions

    • Bone Grafts: Used to fill defects; can be allografts (tissue bank) or autografts (from the patient). Cancellous bone promotes faster healing due to its vascular nature.
    • Fracture Surgery: Involves closed reduction, external fixation, or open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) for stabilization and healing.
    • Total Knee and Hip Surgery: Goals include preserving ligaments, restoring function, and addressing conditions like arthritis.

    Specific Surgical Techniques

    • Closed Reduction: Non-invasive technique to realign bones; uses splints or casts for immobilization, reducing infection risks.
    • External Fixation: Provides stabilization without opening the fracture site; beneficial for soft tissue injuries.
    • ORIF: Allows direct visualization and stabilization using various fixation devices (screws, plates).

    Total Joint Replacement

    • Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA): Replaces damaged knee surfaces; commonly employs tricompartmental knee implants with variations in fixation techniques (cemented, uncemented, hybrid).
    • Total Hip Arthroplasty: Involves replacing the femoral head and neck; can be unipolar or bipolar, aimed at improving leg length and alignment.

    Considerations in Orthopedic Procedures

    • Patient Preparation: Includes traffic control, proper positioning, and wearing PPE for infection control.
    • Bone Fixation Sequence: Involves stabilizing the fracture, drilling holes, measuring screw depth, and inserting screws to ensure stability.

    Post-Operative Care

    • Emphasis on early patient mobilization, careful monitoring for nonunion and vascular compromise in hip and femoral neck fractures.
    • Use of bone cement (PMMA) for implant fixation, emphasizing its flammability and handling considerations.

    Common Fractures and Treatment

    • Hip Fractures: Classified as femoral neck, intertrochanteric, or subtrochanteric; treated with various methods including internal fixation and total hip replacement based on fracture type and stability.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Orthopedic Surgery RPN ppt Student Copy. 2023.pdf

    Description

    Explore the key concepts of the skeletal system, including bone anatomy and joint structure. This quiz covers essential topics such as the types of bones, their functions, and the role of connective tissues in the body. Test your knowledge on orthopedic surgery related to these anatomical components.

    More Quizzes Like This

    Orthopedic Surgery and Joint Reconstruction Overview
    46 questions

    Hip Replacement Quiz: Orthopedic Surgery and Joint Reconstruction

    UsableSynecdoche avatar
    UsableSynecdoche
    Biology of Bone Grafting
    37 questions

    Biology of Bone Grafting

    CozyQuasar avatar
    CozyQuasar
    Ortopedia: Fraturas e Substituição Articular
    8 questions

    Ortopedia: Fraturas e Substituição Articular

    BeneficiaryAlgorithm avatar
    BeneficiaryAlgorithm
    Orthopedic and Spine Surgery Module 19
    37 questions

    Orthopedic and Spine Surgery Module 19

    IntuitiveIridium avatar
    IntuitiveIridium
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser