Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of an orthodontic assessment?
To gather information about the patient to produce an accurate orthodontic diagnosis.
Which of the following is NOT part of the history taking during an orthodontic assessment?
Match the type of malocclusion with their description:
Class I = Normal relationship Class II = Mandible positioned back Class III = Mandible positioned forward
Thumb sucking can cause malocclusions.
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The average overbite is when the upper incisor covers _____ of the lower incisor.
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What conditions could limit orthodontic treatment?
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What type of examination assesses the patient's teeth and oral health?
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What is the relationship of the upper border of the lower lip to the upper incisors normally?
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Which measurement is used to assess the vertical skeletal relationship?
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What is a consequence of a severe antero-posterior skeletal discrepancy?
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Study Notes
Orthodontic Assessment Overview
- Aim: Gather comprehensive patient information for precise orthodontic diagnosis.
- Importance of creating a patient database for tracking and management.
History Taking
- Personal Data: Name, address, date of birth, sex, and telephone.
- Physical growth assessment to determine growth status.
- Collect patient's main complaints regarding functionality (speech, mastication), dental health, and aesthetics.
- Gather dental and trauma history, prior treatments, extractions, and appliance use.
- Review medical history for conditions affecting treatment, such as epilepsy, allergies, and bleeding disorders.
- Assess family history, social habits (e.g., thumb sucking), and motivations for treatment.
Clinical Examination
- Consists of extraoral and intraoral assessments to identify malocclusions and underlying factors.
Extraoral Examination
- Frontal view: Evaluate vertical and transverse planes, facial symmetry.
- Profile view: Assess anteroposterior and vertical planes, differentiate between convex, straight, and concave profiles.
Vertical Facial Proportions
- A well-balanced face is split into three equal horizontal sections.
- Variations in proportions can influence facial appearance.
Airway Assessment
- Differentiation between nasal and oral breathing, noting signs of adenoid facies.
Skeletal Relationships
- Classes (I, II, III) describe the relationship between maxilla and mandible during centric occlusion.
- Transverse malrelationships lead to crossbites; assessed through extraoral views.
Soft Tissue Examination
- Evaluate lip competence, lip morphology, tongue size, and activity in swallowing.
- Measure resting lip length and incisor coverage for functional assessments.
Mandibular Path of Closure
- Observe displacements and deviations when closing from rest to centric occlusion.
- Class II patients may exhibit forward mandible positioning to mask discrepancies.
Intraoral Examination
- Aim to identify presenting complaints, classify malocclusions, and plan treatment.
- Inspect dental development stages, soft tissues, oral hygiene, and overall dental health.
- Assess crowding, spacing, tooth alignment, and arch symmetry.
Tooth Positioning
- Classify crowding: Mild (0–4 mm), Moderate (4–8 mm), Severe (>8 mm).
- Inclination norms: Upper incisors at 10-15 degrees, lower incisors at 90 degrees.
- Measure overjet and overbite for occlusion assessment.
Malocclusions Classification
- Angles classification: Evaluate overall occlusion based on specific criteria.
- Canine classification and British Standards for incisor evaluation.
- Identify crossbites (anterior and posterior) and scissors bite anomalies.
Investigations
- Utilize radiographs and vitality tests for a deeper diagnostic understanding.
Diagnosis Summary
- Collect comprehensive history, perform extraoral and intraoral examinations.
- Classify and diagnose based on crowding, inclination, and occlusion characteristics.
- Identify relationships of upper and lower arches for treatment planning.
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Description
This quiz covers the key concepts related to the assessment of malocclusion in orthodontic patients. Students will learn to describe methods for formulating a database for patient evaluation and apply this understanding clinically. Prepare to enhance your diagnostic skills in orthodontics.
