Origins of the Word Physiology

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Questions and Answers

Where does the word 'physiology' come from?

It came from the ancient Greek word phúsis( meaning nature or origin) and logía (meaning study of)

What is physiology?

Physiology is a subdiscipline of biology that focuses and studies on how organisms, organ systems, organ, tissues , cells and biomolecules carry out physical and chemical functions to maintain life in a living system

What is physiological state

It is the condition of normal function of the body

What is pathological state

It refers abnormal conditions of the body including human diseases Signup and view all the answers

List the courses relevant to physiology

<ol> <li>Anatomy, 2. Biochemistry, 3. Molecular biology (genetics)</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

What is biochemistry

It is the study of chemical processes and substances that occurs on living organisms Signup and view all the answers

What is anatomy

It is the study of the structure and organization of living organisms from the microscopic level of cells and tissue to the macroscopic level of organs and systems Signup and view all the answers

List the divisions of physiology based on the classes of organisms

<ol> <li>Medical physiology, 2. Animal physiology, 3. Plant physiology, 4. Cell physiology, 5. Comparative physiology</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

List the general branches of physiology

<ol> <li>Human physiology 2. Animal physiology 3. Plant physiology 4. Microbial physiology 5. Viral physiology</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

List the branches of physiology based on the level of organization

<ol> <li>Cell physiology 2. Molecular physiology 3. System physiology 4. Ecological physiology 5. Integrative physiology</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Who is jean François fernel

-he was a French physician -he introduced the term "physiology" to describe the study of the body's function -he was the first to describe the spinal canal -he lived from 1497- 26/4/1558(61 years) Signup and view all the answers

How old was Jean François fernel, when was he born and when did he die

61 years, 1497, 26/4/1558 Signup and view all the answers

Who was the first to describe the spinal canal

Jean François fernel Signup and view all the answers

Who introduced the term "physiology" to describe the function of the body's function

Jean François fernel Signup and view all the answers

Who was Luigi galvani

-he was an Italian physician physicist biologist and philosopher -he studied animal electricity -in 1791 he described the role of electricity in the nerves of dissected frogs -he lived from 9/9/1737-12/4/1798(61 years) Signup and view all the answers

Who studied animal electricity

Luigi galvani Signup and view all the answers

Who described the role of electricity in the nerves of dissected frogs

Luigi galvani Signup and view all the answers

How old was Luigi galvani, when was he born and when did he die

61 years, 9/9/1737, 4/12/1798 Signup and view all the answers

What year did Luigi galvani describe the role of electricity in the nerves of dissected frogs

1791 Signup and view all the answers

What did césar Julien Jean do

<ul> <li>in 1811 he studied respirations in animal dissection and lesions -he found the center of respirations in the medulla oblongata</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

Who found the center of respirations in the oblongata and what year did he find it

César Julien Jean in 1811 Signup and view all the answers

What did Joseph lister do?

-in 1858 he studied the case of blood coagulation and inflammation as a result of previous injuries surgical wounds. -he later discovered the use of antiseptic in operating rooms and as a result decreased death from surgery by a substantial amount . Signup and view all the answers

Who discovered the us of antiseptic in operating rooms

Joseph lister Signup and view all the answers

In what year did Joseph lister study the cause of blood coagulation and inflammation

1858 Signup and view all the answers

What did Ivan Pavlov do

He performed a research on conditional responses that involved dogs saliva production to bells and visual stimuli Signup and view all the answers

What are the importance of physiology in human nutrition

Physiology gives the understanding of the following: -mechanism of how the body functions - mechanism of digestion in the body - transportation of nutrient in the body - importance of nutrients in body metabolism and growth - systemic physiology of humans ( CVS, GIT, respiratory) Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Etymology of Physiology

The word "physiology" originates from the Greek words "physis" (nature) and "logos" (study).

Physiology

Physiology is the scientific study of the functions and mechanisms of living organisms. It explores how organisms work, from the molecular level to the entire organism.

Physiological State

Refers to the normal, healthy functioning of an organism's systems.

Pathological State

Refers to an abnormal state of an organism's systems, indicating disease or dysfunction.

Courses Relevant to Physiology

Biochemistry: The study of the chemical processes within living organisms.
Anatomy: The study of the structure of living organisms.
Histology: The study of the microscopic structure of tissues.
Cell Biology: The study of cells, the basic unit of life.
Genetics: The study of genes and heredity.
Biophysics: The application of physics to biological systems.
Pathophysiology: The study of the functional changes associated with disease.
Pharmacology: The study of drugs and their effects on living organisms.

Divisions of Physiology Based on Organisms

Animal Physiology: Focuses on the functions of animals.
Plant Physiology: Focuses on the functions of plants.
Microbial Physiology: Focuses on the functions of microorganisms.

General Branches of Physiology

Neurophysiology: The study of the nervous system.
Cardiovascular Physiology: The study of the heart and blood vessels.
Respiratory Physiology: The study of the respiratory system.
Digestive Physiology: The study of the digestive system.
Renal Physiology: The study of the kidneys.
Endocrine Physiology: The study of hormones and their effects.
Reproductive Physiology: The study of the reproductive system.

Branches of Physiology Based on Levels of Organization

Molecular Physiology: The study of the functions of molecules in living organisms.
Cellular Physiology: The study of the functions of cells.
Tissue Physiology: The study of the functions of tissues.
Organ Physiology: The study of the functions of organs.
Systemic Physiology: The study of the functions of organ systems.
Organismal Physiology: The study of the functions of the whole organism.

Jean François Fernel (1497-1558)

A French physician and scholar who was the first to use "Physiology" as a dedicated term to describe the function of the human body. He was 61 years old when he died.

The Spinal Canal

The first description of the spinal canal is credited to Galen of Pergamon.

Luigi Galvani (1737-1798)

An Italian physician and physiologist. He is known for his work on animal electricity, particularly his observations on the effects of electricity on the nerves of dissected frogs.
Described the role of electricity in the nerves of dissected frogs in 1791.
He was 61 years old when he died.

César Julien Jean (1814-1879)

French physiologist who discovered the center of respirations in the oblongata, a vital part of the brain responsible for breathing. He made his discovery in 1846.

Joseph Lister (1827-1912)

A British surgeon who pioneered antiseptic surgery.
Discovered the importance of antiseptic techniques in operating rooms.
He also studied the cause of blood coagulation and inflammation in 1860

Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936)

A Russian physiologist known for his work on classical conditioning.
He famously studied the salivary response of dogs in response to stimuli, leading to the discovery of conditioned reflexes.

Importance of Physiology in Human Nutrition

Understanding physiology is crucial for developing balanced diets and nutritional plans as it allows for the study of how the body processes food, absorbs nutrients, and utilizes them for energy and growth.

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Description

Explore the etymology of the word 'physiology' and discover its historical roots and meaning. This quiz delves into the linguistic journey that the term has undergone, tracing its significance in the field of science.