Organizational Structures Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is a defining characteristic of a horizontal organizational structure?

  • Decentralized decision-making only
  • Fewer managerial levels and a wider span of control (correct)
  • Focus on top-down communication
  • Clear hierarchy with many management levels
  • Decentralized decision-making gives lower-level managers and employees more authority.

    True (A)

    What are the four major elements of the Human Resource Process?

    Recruitment, Training, Performance Management, Compensation

    The ___ Act outlines the rights and standards for employees in the workplace.

    <p>Employment Standards</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following compensation types with their descriptions:

    <p>Monetary Compensation = Tangible rewards such as salary or bonus Non-Monetary Compensation = Intangible rewards such as recognition or benefits Base Salary = Fixed compensation paid regularly Benefits = Additional perks like health insurance or paid time off</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a type of performance appraisal?

    <p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Labour unions only exist to negotiate employee salaries.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean to delegate in an organizational context?

    <p>To assign responsibility or authority to another person to carry out specific tasks or activities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is a vertical organizational structure typically preferred?

    <p>In larger, more complex organizations (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Horizontal structures often promote a clearer chain of command.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of human resources?

    <p>To manage and support the workforce within an organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Employment Standards Act outlines the rights of employees regarding ______.

    <p>minimum wage and working conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of performance appraisals with their descriptions:

    <p>360-Degree Feedback = Input from multiple sources regarding an employee's performance Self-Assessment = Employees evaluate their own performance Peer Review = Feedback from colleagues at the same level Managerial Review = Assessment conducted by a direct supervisor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes labor unions?

    <p>Organizations that advocate for workers' rights and negotiate on behalf of members (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Decentralized decision-making typically leads to quicker decisions in an organization.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are two examples of non-monetary compensation?

    <p>Flexible work hours and professional development opportunities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A horizontal organizational structure typically leads to quicker decision-making processes.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between centralized and decentralized decision-making?

    <p>Centralized decision-making involves decisions made by top management, while decentralized decision-making allows lower-level managers to make decisions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A business may face a double loss when an employee is ill because it loses productivity and incurs __________ costs.

    <p>replacement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a major feature of the Human Resource Process?

    <p>Hiring (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of compensation with their descriptions:

    <p>Monetary Compensation = Payment in the form of money Non-Monetary Compensation = Benefits that do not involve direct payment Benefits = Health insurance, retirement plans, etc. Bonuses = Extra pay based on performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean to be an independent contractor?

    <p>A self-employed person who provides services to clients (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Employment Standards Act?

    <p>It is legislation that outlines the minimum rights and standards for employees in the workplace.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Horizontal Organizational Structure

    A structure with few layers of management, emphasizing teamwork and collaboration.

    Vertical Organizational Structure

    A structure with many layers of management, following a clear hierarchy of authority.

    Performance Appraisal Types

    Methods for evaluating employee performance, like ranking, rating scales, and 360-degree feedback.

    Employee Compensation

    Financial or non-financial rewards for work, like salary and benefits.

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    Labour Unions

    Groups of workers who collectively bargain with employers for better wages and working conditions.

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    Independent Contractor

    A person who works for a business, but is not an employee, for example, a freelancer.

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    Health and Safety Laws

    Legal requirements to ensure a safe work environment for employees.

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    Delegation

    Assigning tasks and responsibilities to a subordinate.

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    Organizational Structure

    The way a company is arranged, showing how different roles and departments connect and work together.

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    Centralized Decision-Making

    Key decisions are made by a small group of people at the top of the company's hierarchy.

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    Decentralized Decision-Making

    Decision-making power is spread throughout the organization, with lower-level employees having more input.

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    Human Resource Process

    The process of managing employees, including recruitment, training, performance evaluation, and compensation.

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    Performance Appraisal

    Evaluating an employee's performance to identify strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement.

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    Employee Rights

    Legal protections for employees in the workplace, covering areas like compensation, working conditions, and discrimination.

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    Horizontal Structure

    An organization with fewer layers of management, emphasizing teamwork and collaboration across departments.

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    Vertical Structure

    An organization with many layers of management, following a strict hierarchy of authority.

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    Centralized Decisions

    Important decisions are made by a small group of leaders at the top of the company.

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    Decentralized Decisions

    Employees at different levels have the power to make decisions, making the organization more flexible.

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    Study Notes

    Organizational Structures

    • Organizational structures define how tasks are divided, grouped, and coordinated within an organization.
    • Horizontal structures emphasize delegation and teamwork.
    • Vertical structures are hierarchical, with clear lines of authority.

    Horizontal vs. Vertical Structures

    • Horizontal Structures: Decentralized decision-making, flat hierarchy, wider spans of control. Employees have greater autonomy, quicker decision times. Best for dynamic, innovative environments.
    • Vertical Structures: Centralized decision-making, tall hierarchy, narrow spans of control. Clear lines of authority, efficient for routine tasks. Best for predictable operations.

    Types of Horizontal Structures

    • Team-based
    • Self-managed teams
    • Network structures

    Types of Vertical Structures

    • Functional
    • Divisional
    • Matrix

    Organizational Structure Use Cases

    • Traditional method: Vertical, hierarchical structures.
    • Trends: Shifting towards flatter, more horizontal structures.
    • Reasons: Adaptability, responsiveness to change, innovation.

    Centralized vs. Decentralized

    • Centralized: Decisions made at higher levels of management.
    • Decentralized: Decisions delegated to lower levels.

    Delegation

    • Delegation is the assignment of authority and responsibility to a subordinate.

    Human Resource Process

    • Four major elements include: recruitment, selection, training and development, compensation and benefits.

    Purpose of Human Resources

    • Ensure effective utilization of the workforce.
    • Facilitate compliance with employment legislation.
    • Align employee needs with organizational goals.

    Performance Appraisals

    • Types:
      • Ranking/Comparison Method
      • Graphic Rating Scale Method
      • Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scale (BARS) Method
      • 360-degree Feedback Method
    • Purpose: Evaluate employee performance, identify strengths and weaknesses, provide feedback.

    Labour Unions

    • Negotiate collective agreements for wages, benefits, and working conditions for workers.

    Compensation

    • Compensation refers to all forms of monetary and nonmonetary payments employees receive.
    • Examples of monetary compensation include salaries, wages, commissions and bonuses.
    • Examples of non-monetary compensation include benefits, recognition, and work flexibility.

    Employment Standards Act

    • Provides minimum standards for employment conditions.

    Employee Rights

    • Legal protections against discrimination, harassment, and unsafe working conditions.

    Employer Rights

    • Rights outlined in legislation to ensure smooth operations including hiring and firing conditions.

    Anti-discrimination Laws

    • Laws prohibit discrimination based on protected characteristics (e.g., race, religion, gender, etc.).

    Affirmative Action

    • Policies aimed at increasing representation of underrepresented groups.

    Harassment

    • Includes any unwelcome conduct based on protected characteristics.

    Comparable Worth

    • Policies to ensure equal pay for jobs of comparable worth.

    Independent Contractor

    • Individuals who provide services but are not employees.

    Workplace Privacy

    • Protecting employees' personal information and confidential communications.

    Health and Safety Laws

    • Regulations that ensure safe and healthy working conditions.

    Double Loss from Illness in Business

    • Loss of productivity and potential loss of revenue.

    Safety Laws & Regulations

    • Canada Labour Code, OHSA (Occupational Health and Safety Act), WSIB (Workplace Safety and Insurance Board) provide guidelines and frameworks.

    WSIB

    • Manages compensations for workplace injuries and illnesses in Ontario.

    Health and Safety Symbols and Colours

    • Visual cues used to convey risks and safety information.

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    Quiz Team

    Description

    Explore the different types of organizational structures, including horizontal and vertical frameworks. Learn about the benefits of decentralized versus centralized decision-making and how they apply to various business environments. This quiz will guide you through team-based structures, functional hierarchies, and modern trends in organizational design.

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