Organizational Culture Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does organizational culture primarily refer to?

  • The formal policies of an organization
  • A system of shared values, beliefs, and assumptions (correct)
  • The financial resources available to an organization
  • The hierarchy of management within a company

    • Which characteristic of organizational culture emphasizes innovation and flexibility?

  • Results/outcome orientation
  • Adaptability (correct)
  • Detail orientation
  • Integrity

    • Which of the following characteristics focuses on the effect of decisions on people inside and outside the organization?

  • Integrity
  • Detail orientation
  • People/customer orientation (correct)
  • Collaboration/team orientation

    • What type of organizational culture is characterized by a focus on human affiliation and collaboration?

    <p>The Clan</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic of organizational culture reflects the degree of attention to detail expected from employees?

    <p>Detail orientation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is emphasized in an organization with a high results/outcome orientation?

    <p>The final achievements and outputs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which dimension describes the degree of collaboration among workers in an organization?

    <p>Collaboration/team orientation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cultural characteristic emphasizes ethical standards and integrity in the workplace?

    <p>Integrity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of ethical climate theory (ECT)?

    <p>To categorize and measure perceptions of the ethical work context.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethical climate is characterized by the assumption that individuals are primarily motivated by self-interest?

    <p>Instrumental</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ethical climate categories tends to reduce employee turnover intentions?

    <p>Caring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the organizations that indicated a long-term sustainability initiative?

    <p>3M</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ethical climate aligns well with industries that have exacting standards?

    <p>Law and code</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a caring ethical climate primarily focus on?

    <p>The impact of decisions on all stakeholders.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of ethical climate is typically associated with workplaces focusing on personal moral ideas?

    <p>Independence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can organizations achieve a true sustainable culture?

    <p>By having a long-term culture that genuinely practices its values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common outcome associated with instrumental ethical climates?

    <p>Higher turnover intentions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following practices is a part of social sustainability?

    <p>Minimizing soil erosion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ethical climate index (ECI) used for?

    <p>To measure ethical drivers within organizations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a rules ethical climate?

    <p>Promotes adherence to internal standard expectations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of sustainability refers to maintaining practices over long periods of time?

    <p>Sustainable management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of a clan culture?

    <p>Value for growth and autonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of culture is internally focused and stable?

    <p>Hierarchy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary value associated with a market culture?

    <p>Competition and achievement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is organizational culture best defined?

    <p>A descriptive term reflecting employee perceptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does a dominant culture play within an organization?

    <p>It reflects shared values among a majority of members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes cultures that develop in response to specific problems or experiences in certain departments?

    <p>Subcultures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a strong organizational culture, what is primarily observed?

    <p>Intense shared values among employees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the functions of organizational culture?

    <p>To act as a sense-making and control mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can a weak culture indicate about an organization?

    <p>Low alignment on mission and core values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which culture fosters innovation and risk-taking?

    <p>Adhocracy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one effect of a strong organizational culture on financial outcomes?

    <p>It can lead to higher revenue and net income</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do subcultures typically affect the overall culture of an organization?

    <p>They can partially reject the official culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect does organizational culture primarily serve for its members?

    <p>To provide standards for behavior and interactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a strong organizational culture influence employee behavior?

    <p>It ensures employees act uniformly and predictably.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by individual–organization 'fit'?

    <p>The alignment of employees’ attitudes with the organizational culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does leadership have on organizational culture?

    <p>Leaders have little effect if their style is redundant with culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the potential outcomes of a positive organizational climate?

    <p>Higher levels of job satisfaction and organizational performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary concern when management considers acquisitions or mergers?

    <p>Cultural compatibility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a positive organizational culture primarily impact customer satisfaction?

    <p>By improving sales performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the distinction between espoused and enacted values affect organizational climate?

    <p>Discrepancies can lead to confusion about organizational priorities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What signifies an organization has undergone institutionalization?

    <p>It has a culture situating outside its members</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does climate influence employee behavior in a work environment?

    <p>It shapes habitual actions according to perceived norms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact can a strong corporate culture have on diversity?

    <p>It can eliminate the benefits of diversity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does ethical culture play in an organization?

    <p>It reflects true organizational values and shapes decision-making.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a potential effect of a dysfunctional organizational culture on employees?

    <p>Feelings of disengagement and unappreciation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant characteristic of teams in decentralized organizations?

    <p>Team values typically supersede organizational culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is organizational climate primarily related to?

    <p>Shared perceptions of policies and practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the major barriers to change within an organization?

    <p>Rapid environment changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do dominating cultures within organizations typically influence conflict resolution?

    <p>Fosters active confrontation among employees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of a strong safety climate?

    <p>Greater compliance with safety procedures among employees.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results from a polarized organizational environment?

    <p>Low employee engagement and innovation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does research suggest about the relationship between psychological climate and job outcomes?

    <p>It is strongly related to employee job satisfaction and motivation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might a transformational leader be more effective in a bureaucratic culture?

    <p>They introduce innovative approaches that may be lacking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does culture enhance in an organization?

    <p>Organizational commitment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of a toxic organizational culture?

    <p>Coherence around negative values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is customer satisfaction linked to organizational climate?

    <p>Improved climate leads to higher customer satisfaction and performance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What may result from a misalignment of espoused and enacted values in an organization?

    <p>Confusion regarding values and priorities may arise.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of culture tends to passively avoid conflict, potentially impacting creativity?

    <p>Avoidance culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a consequence of institutionalization in an organization?

    <p>Decreased innovation through unquestioned behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a result of hiring diverse employees in a strong organizational culture?

    <p>Assimilation of unique traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor can negatively affect an organization's ability to respond to environmental changes?

    <p>Presence of a strong culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary method that effectively reduced energy consumption in the workplace study?

    <p>Soliciting group feedback</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is recognized for fostering a culture that values creativity and idea generation?

    <p>Samsung Electronics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes the cultures of the most innovative companies?

    <p>Open and collaborative environments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What management practice is specifically associated with fostering a culture of caring at Alexion Pharmaceuticals?

    <p>Developing medicines for rare diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did ChildNet improve its organizational culture and performance?

    <p>By implementing innovative technology and cross-departmental collaboration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of organizational culture, how is self-direction related to employee behavior?

    <p>It correlates with increased innovative behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What strategy did Intuit use to enhance its innovative culture?

    <p>Conducting unconventional workshops and activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant downfall of Dish Network's organizational culture?

    <p>Fostering a micromanaging environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one key factor that can enhance the sustainability of cultural practices in an organization?

    <p>Continuous time and nurturing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of Echo Nest's organizational culture contributed to its innovative success?

    <p>Hosting music app hack days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which innovative company engaged employees in unique activities, such as selling prototype apps with cupcakes?

    <p>Intuit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is philanthropy considered important in the context of Alexion Pharmaceuticals' culture?

    <p>It exemplifies a commitment to rare disease treatments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What outcome did ChildNet achieve after restructuring its organizational culture?

    <p>Recognition as a top-ranking agency in Florida</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a common characteristic of start-up firms' cultures?

    <p>Agile and focused on problem-solving</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of top management supporting above-average pay for employees?

    <p>Reduced annual turnover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first stage of the socialization process?

    <p>Prearrival</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common issue faced by new employees during the encounter stage?

    <p>Misalignment of expectations and reality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which socialization practices are likely to encourage role innovation?

    <p>Informal and individual programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the metamorphosis stage in socialization primarily involve?

    <p>Adjusting to work and peer roles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which company is noted for its unique onboarding practices that support socialization?

    <p>Booz Allen Hamilton</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can new recruits at organizations like Wegmans adjust more effectively to the culture?

    <p>Through effective prior knowledge of the company</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic does the prearrival stage focus on in new employees?

    <p>Personal values and attitudes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When might a new employee become disillusioned enough to resign?

    <p>During the encounter stage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influence does management's approach to socialization have on newcomers?

    <p>It directly affects their commitment and fit within the organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common outcome of effective socialization practices?

    <p>Better job satisfaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the concept of 'psychological contract'?

    <p>Expectations regarding mutual obligations in a work relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major purpose of socialization in organizations?

    <p>To help new employees adapt to the organizational culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does a strong organizational culture have on employee recruitment?

    <p>Attracts candidates who align with the culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was identified as a major reason for the failure of mergers?

    <p>Culture clash between merging organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of mergers, according to Bain and Company, failed to increase shareholder values?

    <p>70 percent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which merger is cited as an example of a significant cultural clash leading to failure?

    <p>AOL and Time Warner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who observed that one of the biggest failings in mergers is related to people?

    <p>Lawrence Chia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant financial loss was reported after the AOL and Time Warner merger?

    <p>$183 billion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way founders influence an organization’s culture?

    <p>By hiring like-minded employees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT mentioned as a force sustaining an organization’s culture?

    <p>Product innovation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does successful selection contribute to sustaining an organization’s culture?

    <p>By identifying candidates aligned with organizational values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of culture does W.L. Gore & Associates emphasize in their hiring process?

    <p>Democratic culture and teamwork</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which supermarket chain believes that happy and loyal employees enhance customer service?

    <p>Wegmans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do management actions play in sustaining an organization’s culture?

    <p>They establish norms and values throughout the organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to research, what primarily contributes to the success of mergers and acquisitions?

    <p>Organizational structure and culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should new employees undergo to fit into an organization's culture?

    <p>Extensive onboarding and socialization processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key element in how founders maintain influence over an organization's culture?

    <p>Through their ongoing behavior and actions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way organizations can communicate ethical expectations to their employees?

    <p>By sharing a code of ethics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of top management in fostering an ethical culture?

    <p>They should model ethical behavior for employees to follow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What unique feature characterizes the workplace culture at Threadless?

    <p>An informal and creative atmosphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following companies provides employees with paid sabbaticals to promote innovative thinking?

    <p>Genentech</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Larry Hammond's approach to leading Auglaize Provico during financial struggles?

    <p>Discovering and utilizing employee strengths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common approach for fostering a positive organizational culture?

    <p>Building on employee strengths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can organizations reinforce ethical standards among employees?

    <p>By setting up seminars on ethical dilemmas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did El’zbieta Górska-Kolodziejczyk improve morale at International Paper?

    <p>By giving regular recognition and praise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of language within organizations, what role does jargon play?

    <p>It acts as a common denominator among members.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about giving praise in the workplace?

    <p>It leads to complacency among employees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of organizational culture does Safelite AutoGlass prioritize?

    <p>PeopleFirst Plan talent development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of an organizational culture that emphasizes spirituality?

    <p>Encouragement of ethical behavior for communal benefit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of having a visible role model within an organization?

    <p>To provide an example of appropriate behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Philippe Lescornez enhance the role of Didier Brynaert at Masterfoods?

    <p>Through increased communication about his market expertise</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of organizational culture does a strong focus on employee wellness highlight?

    <p>Value placed on individual well-being</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential issue arises from an overly positive organizational culture?

    <p>It may overshadow the importance of objectivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of workplace spirituality as described?

    <p>Encouraging community and meaningful work</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does ethical leadership have on employee behavior?

    <p>It improves employees' willingness to speak up about ethical concerns.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which company established a 'Ministry of Fun' to enhance workplace culture?

    <p>Admiral Insurance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might indicate a negative influence on employee ethical behavior?

    <p>Pressure from organizational leaders to behave unethically</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What strategy is less effective in promoting a positive organizational culture?

    <p>Emphasizing punitive measures for mistakes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What crucial element can support employee growth within an organization?

    <p>Creating opportunities for professional development</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a positive organizational culture contribute to employee performance?

    <p>By promoting an environment of support and recognition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following reflects the essence of a positive organizational culture?

    <p>Rewarding creativity and innovation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What approach was emphasized by Gallup consultant Barry Conchie regarding employee strengths?

    <p>Utilizing natural talents to enhance productivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge did El’zbieta Górska-Kolodziejczyk face when providing praise?

    <p>Employees were resistant to receiving praise initially</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best describes the limits of a positive culture?

    <p>It can sometimes pressure individuals to conform</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the concept of workplace spirituality gaining traction in organizations?

    <p>It addresses the inner desires for meaning and purpose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phenomenon describes the initial decrease in job satisfaction for new employees as they adapt to organizational life?

    <p>Adjustment hangover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can the success of employee socialization be enhanced within an organization?

    <p>Through top management's commitment to socialization programs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key feature of rituals within an organization?

    <p>They express and reinforce the organization's key values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best illustrates how culture can be transmitted to employees?

    <p>Via stories about the organization’s founders and historical events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are material symbols in an organizational context?

    <p>Physical artifacts that represent organizational values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of role overload for new employees?

    <p>Higher employee turnover</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement reflects the role of storytelling in an organization?

    <p>Stories help anchor current practices in the company's history.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might diminish social support for new hires shortly after they start?

    <p>Return to regular work routines by coworkers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following can create a sense of connection among employees?

    <p>Material symbols related to the corporate culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the initial adjustment period, what increases for newcomers which can affect their satisfaction?

    <p>Role conflict and role overload</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What likely influences the hiring criteria within an organization?

    <p>The founder's philosophy and organizational culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the relationship between employee values and organizational values?

    <p>Alignment increases the likelihood of success in socialization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of organizational culture can be signaled through the physical workplace layout?

    <p>Acceptable behaviors and degree of egalitarianism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a strong commitment to socialization programs benefit an organization?

    <p>It fosters improved employee loyalty and reduces turnover.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant challenge when merging culturally different organizations like US Airways and American Airlines?

    <p>Integration of different corporate cultures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might U.S. managers be perceived as arrogant and self-absorbed in a global context?

    <p>Their direct communication style</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one way U.S. managers can demonstrate cultural sensitivity?

    <p>Listening more and speaking slowly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way do managers in developing economies differ in their approach to ethical decisions compared to U.S. managers?

    <p>They often see ethical decisions as socially embedded</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What technique did Nordea Bank AB employ to manage cultural differences among employees from different nations?

    <p>Shared storytelling to build identity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must organizations consider when standardizing organizational culture across different nations?

    <p>The customs and norms of the local society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does employee performance and satisfaction largely depend on according to the organizational culture?

    <p>The degree of risk tolerance and team emphasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of organizational culture challenges U.S. managers when managing overseas employees?

    <p>Discrepancies in ethical perceptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What often influences the decisions of U.S. managers regarding ethical behavior in business?

    <p>The influence of market forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might complicate the implementation of wellness plans in international operations?

    <p>Divergence in international labor laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of spiritual organizations that focuses on the wellbeing of employees and stakeholders?

    <p>Benevolence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'workplace spirituality' primarily emphasize?

    <p>Meaningful work within a community context</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following practices can help achieve a spiritual workplace?

    <p>Encouraging work-life balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a concern raised by critics regarding workplace spirituality?

    <p>Legitimacy of claiming spiritual values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does spirituality in organizations relate to employee performance according to studies?

    <p>Positively relates to employee satisfaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do corporate chaplains serve in organizations that employ them?

    <p>To support employees with faith-based guidance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    One reason for the growing interest in spirituality in organizations is the realization that:

    <p>An inner life plays a role in employee behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is indicated by a strong sense of purpose in spiritual organizations?

    <p>Valuation of community impact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common misconception about workplace spirituality among critics?

    <p>It can conflict with employee beliefs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of thinking does open-mindedness in spiritual organizations promote?

    <p>Creative and flexible thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor ties into the belief that spirituality and profitability can coexist?

    <p>Enhanced creativity and satisfaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect can potentially create uneasiness among employees in spiritual organizations?

    <p>Imposition of spiritual values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of culture is likely to emerge in organizations that prioritize spirituality?

    <p>Supportive and meaningful culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might corporate chaplains contribute to an organization's spiritual culture?

    <p>By providing personal spiritual guidance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Organizational Culture Characteristics

    • Definition: A system of shared meaning held by members distinguishing the organization from others. This includes values, beliefs, and assumptions.

    • Six Primary Characteristics:

    • Adaptability: Encouraging innovation, flexibility, risk-taking, and experimentation.

    • Detail Orientation: Expecting precision, analysis, and attention to detail.

    • Results/Outcome Orientation: Focusing on outcomes rather than processes.

    • People/Customer Orientation: Considering the effects of decisions on people within and outside the organization.

    • Collaboration/Team Orientation: Organizing work around teams rather than individuals.

    • Integrity: Exhibiting high ethical standards.

    • Culture Types:

    • Clan: Internally focused, valuing affiliation, collaboration, trust, and support.

    • Adhocracy: Externally focused and flexible, valuing growth, variety, stimulation, and autonomy.

    • Market: Externally focused and stable, emphasizing communication, competence, and competition.

    • Hierarchy: Internally focused and stable, emphasizing communication, formalization, and routine.

    Culture as a Descriptive Term

    • Descriptive, not evaluative: Describes an organization's characteristics, not whether employees like them. Job satisfaction is evaluative.

    • Uniformity: A shared perception, not necessarily uniform within all departments/locations.

    • Subcultures: Develop in large orgs due to problems or experiences in a specific department or location. They can sometimes reject the dominant culture.

    Strong vs. Weak Cultures

    • Strong Culture: Core values are intensely held and widely shared, impacting member behavior. Improves outcomes like profitability via consistency of purpose.
    • Weak Culture: Diverse opinions on mission and values, leading to less influence on behavior.

    What Cultures Do: Functions and Dysfunctions

    • Functions:

    • Boundary-defining: Distinguishes between organizations.

    • Sense of identity: Provides shared meaning.

    • Commitment: Enhances commitment to something larger than self-interest.

    • Stability: Builds a cohesive social system.

    • Control mechanism: Guides behavior through shared meaning.

    • Dysfunctional Aspects:

    • Institutionalization: Value for itself, not goods/services, hindering adaptability and innovation.

    • Barriers to Change: Shared values can conflict with needed changes in a rapidly changing environment.

    • Barriers to Diversity: Strong cultures can eliminate the advantages of diversity or even exacerbate prejudices.

    • Toxicity: Negative values/management systems can create harmful forces within an organization.

    • Barriers to Acquisitions/Mergers: Cultural incompatibility causes mergers/acquisitions to fail.

    Culture Creation and Sustainability

    • Culture Origins: Founders, whose vision creates the initial culture. Selection, socialization, and management practices maintain it.

    • Culture Creation Techniques: Hiring/keeping people with similar values, socializing them into the specific values, and demonstrating the desired behavior.

    • Culture Maintenance/Sustainability:

    • Selection: Aligns new hires with organizational values.

    • Top Management: Actions set norms and expectations, driving climate.

    • Socialization/Onboarding: Adapting new members to the culture (prearrival, encounter, metamorphosis stages).

    Transmission of Culture

    • Transmission Methods:
    • Stories: Narratives about founders, successes, failures, influencing behaviors.
    • Rituals: Repetitive activities, reinforcing key values.
    • Symbols: Material artifacts (layouts, office sizes, perks), conveying organization values.
    • Language: Acronyms, jargon to identify and unite members.

    Creating Different Types of Cultures

    • Ethical Culture:

    • Key elements: Visible role models, communicating expectations, training ethically, rewarding/punishing ethically, and protective mechanisms.

    • Outcome Implications: Stronger ethical climates predict better employee behavior and outcomes.

    • Management Implications: Top management values strongly influence employee ethical behavior.

    • Positive Culture:

    • Key elements: Building on strengths, rewarding, and fostering vitality/growth.

    • Outcome Implications: Positively influencing commitment, satisfaction, and performance.

    • Management Implications: Positive cultural environments improve productivity and satisfaction.

    • Spiritual Culture:

    • Definition: Acknowledges employees' inner lives and the importance of meaningfulness in work.

    • Characteristics: Value kindness, strong sense of purpose, trust, open-mindedness, and balance.

    • Outcome implications: Positive links to employee creativity, satisfaction, job involvement, and organizational commitment and performance.

    Global Cultural Context

    • Impact of National Culture: Organizational culture often reflects national culture (e.g., AirAsia, Malaysian-influenced culture). Cultural sensitivity (tone, pace of speech, and topic avoidance) is critical.

    • Ethical Behavior Across Cultures: Differences in ethical standards based on national culture, impacting actions like bribery and nepotism.

    • Multinational Cultures: Cultural clashes in mergers/acquisitions (e.g., Nordea Bank), leading to failures of cultural alignment.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on organizational culture characteristics and dimensions. This quiz covers key concepts like innovation, human affiliation, and ethical standards within organizations. Challenge yourself to understand how these elements shape the workplace environment.

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