Organizational Behavior Systems and Philosophies
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Organizational Behavior Systems and Philosophies

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Questions and Answers

What is considered the most important element in an organization according to the researchers?

  • The financial resources
  • The worker (correct)
  • The technology used
  • The structure of the organization

    • What is a key component of the supportive model in organizational behavior?

  • Supportive supervision (correct)
  • Strict hierarchical management
  • Emphasis on financial incentives
  • Leadership based on power

    • How does management's orientation change in the supportive model?

  • From worker-centered to profit-centered
  • From promoting competition to enforcing hierarchy
  • From overseeing to micromanaging
  • From supporting benefits to supporting job performance (correct)

    • What psychological effect does supportive management have on employees?

    <p>Feeling of participation and task involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What need does the supportive model primarily address for employees?

    <p>Status and recognition needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of environments is the collegial model most commonly applied?

    <p>Research laboratories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge exists when transitioning from the supportive model's theory to practice?

    <p>Difficulty in implementation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the supportive model more effective in affluent nations?

    <p>It addresses a wide array of emerging needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of OB systems?

    <p>To identify and manipulate key human and organizational variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the basic criteria for measuring outcomes in organizational behavior?

    <p>Team cohesion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organizational behavior philosophies emphasizes a shared sense of responsibility among members?

    <p>Collegial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are value premises in the context of organizational behavior?

    <p>Variable beliefs about the desirability of goals and activities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organizational behavior philosophy is characterized by a focus on employee welfare and needs?

    <p>Custodial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The philosophy of organizational behavior is derived from which two types of premises?

    <p>Fact and value</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do fact premises influence organizational behavior?

    <p>They guide behavior based on research and experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which OB philosophy would likely result in a dictatorial management style?

    <p>Autocratic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant flaw of the custodial approach in organizations?

    <p>Most employees do not produce anywhere near their capacities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the custodial model primarily affect employee motivation?

    <p>It generates economic rewards but lacks true motivation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach emphasizes the importance of supportive relationships in organizational behavior?

    <p>The supportive model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the origin of the supportive model of organizational behavior?

    <p>The Hawthorne studies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the custodial approach, what do employees depend on organizations for?

    <p>Pensions and economic welfare</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential outcome of a custodial approach for employees?

    <p>They become reliant on the organization's security.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why may employees in a custodial environment feel dissatisfied despite having security?

    <p>Contentment does not necessarily lead to motivation or fulfillment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary insight did the Hawthorne studies contribute to organizational behavior?

    <p>The impact of supportive relationships on workplace behavior.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of managerial paradigms on managerial behavior?

    <p>They resist changes even if current models are ineffective.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do new paradigms affect managerial practices?

    <p>They provide alternative views for problem-solving.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can lead to a paradigm shift?

    <p>The introduction of a radically different way of thinking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might different departments within the same organization have varied practices?

    <p>Because of personal preferences and different conditions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of underlying paradigms in managerial settings?

    <p>They can influence behavior both consciously and unconsciously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes how paradigms influence perceptions?

    <p>They limit perceptions by defining strict boundaries.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is true about the dominance of models in organizational behavior?

    <p>One model tends to dominate at specific times in history.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential outcome of applying multiple paradigms in organizations?

    <p>The emergence of conflicting managerial practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of organizational behavior model is most likely to be applicable in a small certified professional accounting firm?

    <p>Collegial model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a fast-food chain setting, which organizational behavior model is primarily observed?

    <p>Autocratic model</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is least likely to influence the adoption of supportive organizational models in affluent nations?

    <p>Environmental survival conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key characteristic differentiates custodial models from supportive models in organizational behavior?

    <p>Expectation of task completion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why might circus laborers be categorized under an autocratic model during their employment period?

    <p>Emphasis is on completing tasks quickly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do supportive and collegial models in organizations address employee needs?

    <p>By meeting needs for recognition and self-actualization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following job settings is most likely to require a custodial model of organizational behavior?

    <p>Food servers in a fast-food chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is least likely to be a motivating factor in organizational behavior models in underdeveloped nations?

    <p>Self-actualization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Organizational Behavior Systems

    • Organizational Behavior (OB) Systems are constantly evolving, drawing upon the latest insights from behavioral science.
    • Purpose of OB Systems: To identify and manipulate human and organizational factors that influence organizational outcomes.
    • Key Outcomes Measured:
      • Performance
      • Employee Satisfaction
      • Personal Growth and Development

    Organizational Behavior Philosophies

    • Philosophy: An integrated set of beliefs about how things work, their purpose, and how they should be.
    • Explicit vs. Implicit Philosophies:
      • Explicit philosophies are explicitly communicated.
      • Implicit philosophies are understood but not specifically stated.

    Five Major OB Philosophies:

    • Autocratic: Management uses power and authority to achieve goals.
    • Custodial: Management emphasizes security and economic rewards.
    • Supportive: Focuses on leadership, employee support, and job performance.
    • Collegial: Promotes teamwork, cooperation, and shared decision-making.
    • System: Views organizations as complex systems with interconnected elements, emphasizing collaboration and integration.

    Managerial Paradigms and their Influence

    • Paradigms: Assumptions and beliefs that shape how managers perceive and interact with the world.
    • Paradigm Influences:
      • Shape managerial perceptions.
      • Define behavioral boundaries.
      • Encourage resistance to change.
      • Affect behavior, both consciously and unconsciously.

    Paradigm Shift

    • Paradigm Shift: Occurs when a radically different way of thinking emerges, challenging existing paradigms.

    Models of Organizational Behavior

    • Autocratic Model: Based on power and authority, often found in organizations with low levels of employee involvement.
    • Custodial Model: Focuses on security and economic rewards, leading to employee dependence on the organization.
    • Supportive Model: Emphasizes leadership, employee support, and job performance, promoting employee motivation and involvement.
    • Collegial Model: Emphasizes teamwork, cooperation, and shared decision-making, fostering a sense of community and responsibility.
    • System Model: Views organizations as complex systems with interdependent parts, emphasizing collaboration and integration.

    Model Applicability

    • No single OB model: Effective for all organizations or situations.
    • Contextual Factors and Model Choice: Organizations choose models based on their resources, culture, and industry.
    • Model Variation Within Organizations: Practices may differ across departments or branches of the same organization.
    • Individual Manager Preferences: Managers may deviate from the organization's dominant OB model based on their personal preferences.

    The Supportive Model

    • Origin of Supportive Model: The "principle of supportive relationships" by Rensis Likert.
    • Hawthorne Studies: Key research contributions by Elton Mayo and F.J. Roethlisberger, highlighting the importance of group dynamics and supportive supervision.
    • Supportive Model Focus: Emphasizes leadership and support for employee job performance.
    • Employee Outcomes: Feelings of participation and involvement, leading to greater motivation.

    The Collegial Model

    • ** Collegial Model Features:** Emphasizes teamwork, cooperation, and shared decision-making, fostering a sense of community and collaboration.
    • Collegial Model Applications:
      • Traditionally more common in research laboratories and similar environments.
      • Largely absent in assembly line settings due to limitations in work structure.

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    Related Documents

    Lecture on Organizational Behavior PDF

    Description

    Explore the dynamic world of Organizational Behavior (OB) systems and philosophies. This quiz covers the evolving nature of OB, key outcomes, and the five major philosophies that influence management practices. Test your knowledge on how these philosophies shape employee satisfaction and organizational performance.

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