Organizational Behavior Module 1 Introduction
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Questions and Answers

What is the full form of OB?

Organizational Behaviour

Organisational behaviour is only applicable to manufacturing organisations.

False (B)

Which of these are contributing fields to organizational behaviour? (Select all that apply)

  • Psychology (correct)
  • Economics (correct)
  • Political Science (correct)
  • Social Psychology (correct)
  • Anthropology (correct)
  • Sociology (correct)
  • Marketing
  • Finance

What is the main goal of Organisational Behaviour?

<p>To investigate individual and group behaviour and apply this knowledge to improve organisational effectiveness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three main elements of Organisational Behaviour?

<p>The study of individuals and groups, the impact of organisational structure on human behaviour, and the application of knowledge to achieve organisational effectiveness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four main stages of imitation in social learning theory?

<p>Close contact, imitation of superiors, understanding of concepts, and role model behaviour.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of reinforcement in organisational behaviour?

<p>Positive and negative reinforcement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four major factors that affect learning?

<p>Motivation, practice, environment, and mental group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT a type of reinforcement schedule?

<p>Continuous interval schedule (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Happy employees are always more productive.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A psychological contract is a written agreement between an employee and an employer.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Organizational Behaviour?

The study of how individuals, groups, and organizational structures influence behavior within organizations, with the goal of improving organizational effectiveness.

What is the nature of Organizational Behaviour?

It's a scientific method that uses information to understand, predict, and control human behaviour within organizations.

What are the key areas of Organizational Behaviour?

The impact of culture on organizational behaviour, management of change, conflict and stress, organizational development, organizational culture, transactional analysis, group behaviour, power and politics, job design, and the study of emotions.

What is Psychology's contribution to Organizational Behaviour?

The study of the mind and behaviour, focusing on individual differences and their impact on how people act and learn.

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What is Sociology's contribution to Organizational Behaviour?

The study of human societies and how they interact, explaining the impact of culture on group behaviour.

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What is Political Science's contribution to Organizational Behaviour?

The study of government and political systems, contributing to a deeper understanding of the legal and political environment organizations operate within.

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What is Social Psychology's contribution to Organizational Behaviour?

The study of how people interact and influence each other in social settings, explaining communication, social norms, and group decision-making.

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What is Anthropology's contribution to Organizational Behaviour?

The study of human cultures and societies, understanding how cultural differences impact behavior and organizational practices.

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What is the Behaviour Model for Organizational Efficiency?

A structured approach to understanding and modifying individual and group behaviour to improve organizational efficiency. It involves describing, understanding, predicting, and controlling behaviour.

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What is Cognitive Accessibility?

The extent to which a particular characteristic of a person quickly and easily comes to mind for the perceiver.

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What is Need for Cognition?

The tendency to think carefully and fully about social situations.

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What are Entity Theorists?

People who believe that personal traits are stable and unchanging.

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What are Incremental Theorists?

People who believe that personalities are fluid and change over time.

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What is Attributional Style?

The type of attributions we tend to make for the events that occur to us, such as internal vs. external, stable vs. unstable, and global vs. specific.

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What is a Negative Attributional Style?

A negative attributional style in which individuals explain negative events by referring to their own internal, stable, and global qualities.

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What is Learned Helplessness?

The tendency to make external, rather than internal, attributions for our behaviour, leading to a sense of helplessness and reduced motivation to change.

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What is Self-Handicapping?

A self-sabotaging behavior that creates convenient external attributions for potential failure.

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What is Unrealistic Optimism?

The tendency to be overly positive about the likelihood that negative things will occur to us and that we will be able to effectively cope with them.

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What is a Positive Affective Disposition?

A disposition to experience positive moods more often than negative moods, often leading to greater job satisfaction and commitment.

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What is Person-Environment Fit?

The fit between an individual's abilities, values, and personality and the demands and characteristics of their work environment.

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What is a Psychological Contract?

The unwritten understanding between an employee and their company about mutual responsibilities and expectations.

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What is Organizational Justice?

The fairness of company policies, procedures, treatment from supervisors, and pay and rewards.

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What is Learning?

A permanent change in behaviour due to direct and indirect experience, including education, training, practice, and observation.

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What is the Nature of Learning?

The characteristic features of learning, including change, permanence, and the role of experience.

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What are Factors Affecting Learning?

Factors such as motivation, practice, environment, and mental group that influence how effectively a person learns.

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What is Classical Conditioning?

A type of learning that occurs when a neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with an unconditioned stimulus, leading to a conditioned response.

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What is Operant Conditioning?

A type of learning that occurs when behaviour is influenced by its consequences, either positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, or punishment.

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What is Social Learning?

Learning by observing and imitating the behaviour of others, especially those who are seen as role models.

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What is Cognitive Learning?

A theory of learning that emphasizes cognitive processes, such as perception, memory, and problem-solving, as key factors in how we acquire knowledge and skills.

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What is Reinforcement?

The attempt to develop or strengthen desirable behaviour through the presentation of positive consequences or the removal of negative consequences.

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What is Positive Reinforcement?

Strengthening and enhancing desired behaviours by presenting positive consequences.

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What is Negative Reinforcement?

Strengthening desired behaviour by removing an unpleasant event that precedes that behaviour.

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What is the difference between negative reinforcement and punishment?

Punishment, on the other hand, is used to decrease the frequency of an undesired behaviour.

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Study Notes

Organizational Behavior - Module 1 Introduction

  • Organizational Behavior (OB) is the study of individuals and groups in organizations, especially their behavior. Predicting and modifying behavior is a major goal.

  • OB is challenging because individuals behave differently in various situations.

  • Human behavior plays a key role in organizational productivity, hence understanding it is important.

  • Factors like social framework, background, education, and social groups impact behavior.

  • Managers need strong skills to evaluate, predict, modify, and handle human behavior in organizations.

  • Causal agents, such as culture, the work environment, and job design, influence how individuals behave in organizations.

Definitions

  • Organizational behavior is the field of study that investigates the impact of individuals, groups, and organizational structure on behavior within the organization.

  • Its objective is to improve organizational effectiveness.

Contributing Disciplines

  • Psychology: Studies individual behavior, motivation, and personality. It has contributed theories on learning, motivation, etc., for organizational behavior.

  • Sociology: Looks at group dynamics, organizational culture, communication, and conflict management, and their impacts on organizational behavior.

  • Anthropology: Examines human behavior in various cultures, as cultures affect behaviors.

  • Political Science: Studies power dynamics, leadership, conflict resolution, organization structures, and effects of stability of government on organizational behavior.

  • Social Psychology: Combines psychology and sociology to understand human behavior in groups, communication, social influence.

Scope of Organizational Behavior

  • Management of change
  • Management of conflict and stress
  • Organizational development
  • Organizational culture
  • Transactional analysis
  • Group behavior
  • Power politics
  • Job design
  • Study of emotions

Behavior Model for Organizational Efficiency

  • Organizational behavior is a field to understand group and individual behavior.
  • Investigating individual and group behaviors provides various concepts and models for organizations which can help improve human behavior and increase organization efficiency.

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Description

This quiz covers the foundational concepts of Organizational Behavior (OB), focusing on how individual and group actions affect workplace dynamics. It explores factors that influence behavior and the critical role managers play in understanding and modifying these behaviors to improve organizational effectiveness.

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