Organizational Behavior Exam
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a cause of organizational change?

  • Fixed organizational structure
  • Increased stability
  • Technological advancements (correct)
  • Employee satisfaction

All groups in an organization develop in exactly the same way.

False (B)

What is the definition of a group in an organizational context?

A group consists of individuals who interact and work together toward a common goal.

Strategic management involves making decisions that affect the organization's _____.

<p>long-term direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following leadership theories with their descriptions:

<p>Transformational Leadership = Focuses on inspiring and motivating followers to achieve their potential Transactional Leadership = Based on rewards and punishments to influence followers Servant Leadership = Emphasizes the leader's role as serving the needs of others Situational Leadership = Adjusts leadership style based on the maturity of the followers</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following components is NOT part of McKinsey’s 7S model?

<p>Service (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

McKinsey’s 7S model focuses solely on the strategic planning process.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

List two of the seven elements in McKinsey's 7S model.

<p>Structure, Systems</p> Signup and view all the answers

In McKinsey's 7S model, the _____ element refers to the values and norms that guide an organization.

<p>Shared Values</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each element of the McKinsey 7S model with its description:

<p>Staff = The people within the organization Style = The leadership approach within the organization Skills = The capabilities and competencies of employees Systems = The daily activities and procedures of the organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory best emphasizes the importance of organizational culture in strategic management?

<p>Schein's Organizational Culture Model (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Decision-making processes are only influenced by top management in an organization.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of operations management?

<p>Efficiency in production and service delivery</p> Signup and view all the answers

Leadership theories such as _____ focus on the traits and behaviors of effective leaders.

<p>Trait Theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the overall attitude and satisfaction of employees within an organization?

<p>Employee Morale (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Herzberg's Theory emphasizes that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction are influenced by two separate sets of factors: motivators and hygiene factors.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main components of Herzberg’s Motivation-Hygiene Theory?

<p>Motivators and Hygiene Factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

Effective communication is essential for ______ within an organization.

<p>success</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a hygiene factor according to Herzberg’s Theory?

<p>Recognition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Communication plays a minor role in the success of an organization.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

List one reason why employee morale is important in an organization.

<p>High morale can lead to increased productivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The process of ______ involves the exchange of information between individuals or groups.

<p>communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one effect of low employee morale?

<p>Higher Turnover Rates (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the leadership theory with its description.

<p>Transformational Leadership = Inspires and motivates followers to achieve exceptional outcomes. Transactional Leadership = Focuses on exchanges between leaders and followers. Servant Leadership = Prioritizes the needs of the team and organization above their own. Situational Leadership = Adapts leadership style based on the circumstances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Decision-making processes in organizations are always straightforward and easy.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is feedback important in the communication process?

<p>Feedback ensures that the message has been understood correctly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Herzberg’s Theory highlights the importance of ______ in enhancing employee satisfaction.

<p>motivators</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which communication method is often regarded as the most effective in organizations?

<p>Face-to-Face Meetings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Effective leaders usually employ a single style of leadership throughout their careers.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does strategic management play in organizations?

<p>It helps organizations set priorities and allocate resources effectively.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

McKinsey's 7S Framework

A framework used to analyze and improve organizational performance by aligning seven key elements.

Hard Elements

The structural elements of an organization influenced by leadership and policies.

Soft Elements

The intangible elements of an organization, including skills, style, and shared values, that are influenced by the culture.

Structure

The organizational chart and reporting relationships.

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Strategy

The organization's long-term plan for achieving its goals.

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Systems

The processes and procedures used to manage the organization.

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Staff

The people within the organization and their skills.

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Shared Values

The core beliefs and principles that guide the organization.

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Organizational Change

The process of altering an organization's structure, strategy, culture, or technology to improve its performance or adapt to external challenges.

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Causes of Organizational Change

External factors like market trends, technological advancements, and competition, as well as internal factors such as poor performance, leadership changes, and employee demands.

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Group

A collection of two or more individuals who interact and share common goals, values, and norms.

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Group Development Theories

Models explaining how groups form, evolve, and function. Examples include Tuckman's Stages of Group Development (forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning) and the punctuated equilibrium model.

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Modern Communication Channels

Tools and platforms used by organizations to communicate effectively, including email, instant messaging, video conferencing, and social media.

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Employee Morale

The overall attitude, satisfaction, and enthusiasm of employees towards their work and the organization. High morale leads to increased productivity, better teamwork, and lower turnover.

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Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory

A theory proposing that job satisfaction and dissatisfaction are influenced by separate factors. Satisfiers (motivators) like achievement, recognition, and responsibility lead to satisfaction, while dissatisfiers like poor working conditions or policies cause dissatisfaction.

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Motivator Factors

According to Herzberg, factors that can lead to job satisfaction and motivation. These include achievement, recognition, responsibility, advancement, and personal growth.

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Hygiene Factors

According to Herzberg, factors that can prevent dissatisfaction, but don't necessarily lead to satisfaction. These include company policies, supervision, working conditions, salary, and relationships with colleagues.

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Communication Process

A series of steps involved in transmitting information from a sender to a receiver, ensuring clear understanding. It includes encoding, transmission, decoding, feedback, and noise.

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Encoding

The process of translating thoughts, ideas, or information into a form that can be transmitted, such as written or spoken language.

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Transmission

The actual act of sending the encoded message to the receiver through a chosen channel, such as email, phone call, or face-to-face meeting.

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Decoding

The receiver's process of interpreting the received message and translating it back into the sender's intended meaning.

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Feedback

The response or reaction from the receiver back to the sender, confirming understanding or requesting clarification.

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Noise

Any interference or disruption that can distort the message, affecting clear communication. This can be physical distractions, language differences, or emotional biases.

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Importance of Communication in Organizations

Effective communication fosters collaboration, improves decision-making, motivates employees, enhances customer relationships, and reduces conflict, leading to increased efficiency and productivity.

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Communication Channels

The different methods or pathways used for transmitting information, such as formal communication (memos, reports) and informal communication (gossip, casual conversations).

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Formal Communication

Structured communication following established organizational channels, typically used for official messages, policies, and announcements.

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Informal Communication

Unstructured and spontaneous communication through social interactions, often spreading information quickly but potentially carrying rumors or misinformation.

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Study Notes

Examination Instructions

  • Time: Two hours
  • Note: Question 1 is compulsory
  • Note: Attempt any 3 questions from Q2 to Q6
  • Marks: 30

Section 1 (Question 1)

  • Question 1: Explain organizational change and list different causes of change
  • Question 2: Describe McKinsey's 7S model to improve organizational performance.
  • Question 3: Define a group and explain major theories of group development
  • Question 4: Explain the communication process in detail, including its importance in organizations.
  • Question 5: Describe employee morale and discuss Herzberg's theory in detail.
  • Question 6: Write short notes on:
    • Group cohesiveness
    • Modern communication channels in organizations

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Description

This quiz tests your understanding of key concepts in organizational behavior. Topics include organizational change, group dynamics, communication processes, and employee morale theories. Prepare to demonstrate your knowledge of theoretical models and practical applications within organizations.

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