Organizational Behavior and Data Management Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary use of the electronic information collected by Kroger from its loyalty card customers?

  • To analyze customer shopping trends
  • To enhance customer service experience
  • To improve data privacy measures
  • To sell to vendors for stocking shelves (correct)

How is the trend of using big data to manage people characterized in the content?

  • As primarily focused on historical data analysis
  • As an old concept re-emerging
  • As a temporary fad in the workplace
  • As ubiquitous and essential for modern organizations (correct)

What are organizations beginning to prioritize according to the content?

  • Static data analysis
  • Fast data for real-time decision making (correct)
  • Increasing manual data entry processes
  • Long-term data storage solutions

What has enabled organizations to manage large amounts of data more effectively?

<p>Artificial intelligence advancements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinction does the content make regarding the development of work transformations?

<p>Technological advancements are the main factor for change (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major benefit of positive social relationships among coworkers?

<p>Improved job satisfaction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following outcomes is NOT associated with positive workplace relationships?

<p>Greater employee turnover (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Incorporating principles of Organizational Behavior (OB) can help manage which type of negative workplace behavior?

<p>Conflict (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason universities include social entrepreneurship in their curriculum?

<p>To train leaders to address social issues (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which term defines individuals within organizations who contribute to accomplishing work goals?

<p>Workers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect of Organizational Behavior (OB) focuses on both positive and negative outcomes of workplace dynamics?

<p>Interpersonal relationships (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to research, what is positively affected by strong workplace relationships?

<p>Job and life satisfaction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one negative behavior that can be managed by incorporating OB principles?

<p>Sexual harassment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What services did the company offer to facilitate starting a business?

<p>IT, financial, and legal services (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a notable issue in WeWork’s organizational culture during Neumann’s leadership?

<p>The ‘work hard, party hard’ mentality (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is blamed for some of WeWork's problems under Neumann’s leadership?

<p>Impulsive decision-making (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant financial move did WeWork postpone in 2019?

<p>Initial public offering (IPO) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who pressured Neumann to step down as CEO of WeWork?

<p>SoftBank (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the significant ethical issues WeWork faced?

<p>Racial discrimination and sexual assault (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What approach was taken by SoftBank after Neumann's departure?

<p>Five-year turnaround plan (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspects of Neumann's leadership were criticized?

<p>His unorthodox leadership style (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of managers reported not receiving any training?

<p>58% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was once the norm for the number of direct reports per manager?

<p>Five (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key role is primarily involved in motivating employees?

<p>Leading (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the content, what aspect of management has become more challenging?

<p>Increased job demands (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of organizations reportedly choose the wrong candidate for management positions?

<p>82% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the four activities categorized under managerial work?

<p>Monitoring (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the current managerial workforce?

<p>Undertrained managers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of planning in management activities?

<p>To define goals and develop strategies (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary goals associated with organizational behavior (OB) research regarding older workers?

<p>To reduce discrimination and prejudice in workplace practices (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best reflects a key issue regarding workforce diversity as highlighted in the content?

<p>Workers from diverse backgrounds often face challenges that can be studied through OB. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do cultural and socioeconomic changes play in workforce diversity?

<p>They impact how diversity is acknowledged and managed in the workplace. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addressing workforce diversity, what should managers focus on to utilize the strengths present in diversity?

<p>Fostering an inclusive environment that respects differences (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What challenges do people of various demographic backgrounds still face in the workplace despite increased representation?

<p>Prejudice, underrepresentation, and violence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does OB research explore concerning demographic diversity in the workplace?

<p>The unique benefits and challenges experienced by diverse workers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to OB concepts, what is crucial for crafting a successful organizational culture in the context of diversity?

<p>Recognizing and accommodating differences among employees (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can organizations best support older workers within the framework of diversity and inclusion?

<p>By providing flexible working hours and training opportunities (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a manager in the interpersonal role of a leader?

<p>Motivating and directing employees (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which role involves maintaining a network of outside contacts for favors and information?

<p>Liaison (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the spokesperson role primarily focus on?

<p>Transmitting information to outsiders (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following roles is directly involved in initiating projects to drive change within an organization?

<p>Entrepreneur (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which role does a manager act as a nerve center for organizational information?

<p>Monitor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which role requires a manager to take corrective actions during unexpected disturbances?

<p>Disturbance handler (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What responsibility falls under the decisional roles of a manager?

<p>Making significant organizational decisions (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which managerial role is primarily concerned with transmitting internal information to organizational members?

<p>Disseminator (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which role is a manager likely to perform when representing the organization during negotiations?

<p>Negotiator (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mintzberg categorized managerial roles into three main categories. Which one of the following is NOT one of them?

<p>Operational (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Organizational Behavior (OB)

The process of understanding and managing human behavior within an organization.

Worker

An individual who contributes to the accomplishment of work goals within an organization.

Manager

A person responsible for planning, organizing, leading, and controlling the work of others to achieve organizational goals.

Team

A group of people working together to achieve a common goal.

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Organization

A collective of individuals working together to achieve a common goal.

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Job satisfaction

The degree to which individuals are content and satisfied with their work.

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Work stress

The level of stress experienced by individuals in their work environment.

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Employee turnover

The rate at which employees leave an organization.

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Coworking

The practice of providing office spaces and related services to individuals and businesses on a short-term basis, often with a focus on collaboration and community.

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Coworking Plus

Providing additional services such as IT, financial, and legal support to tenants, beyond just workspace.

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Initial Public Offering (IPO)

A company's first public offering of stock shares, a major milestone signifying growth and investor confidence.

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Rapid Expansion

WeWork's expansion strategy involved opening an average of two new locations daily during its peak.

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Work Hard, Party Hard

WeWork's approach to work culture emphasized high productivity and social events, with free beer and frequent parties.

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Impulsive Leadership

A leadership style characterized by impulsiveness and a lack of clear direction, potentially leading to confusion and uncertainty.

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Investor Concerns

Concerns raised by investors about potential issues with WeWork's business model and leadership, impacting its ability to secure funding.

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Turnaround Plan

The process of turning a struggling company around and improving its performance, often after a period of challenges or setbacks.

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Big Data

The practice of collecting and analyzing massive amounts of data to gain insights and make decisions.

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Fast Data

A type of big data analysis that emphasizes the continuous flow of actionable data for real-time decision-making.

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Artificial Intelligence (AI)

The process of using technology to automate tasks and make decisions that would typically require human intelligence.

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Natural Language Processing (NLP)

A type of AI that focuses on enabling machines to understand and process human language.

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AI in Big Data Analysis

The use of artificial intelligence to analyze large datasets and discover patterns or insights that might not be easily detected by humans.

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Figurehead

A managerial role where the individual acts as the symbolic head, performing routine duties with legal or social implications.

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Leader

A managerial role involving motivating and guiding employees towards goals.

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Liaison

A managerial role involving building and maintaining external relationships for information and favors.

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Monitor

A managerial role centered on receiving wide-ranging information, acting as the organization's central information hub.

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Disseminator

A managerial role focused on transmitting information received from outsiders or employees to those within the organization.

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Spokesperson

A managerial role responsible for communicating the organization's plans, policies, and results to external stakeholders.

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Entrepreneur

A managerial role focused on seeking out opportunities for change and initiating projects.

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Disturbance handler

A managerial role involving handling unexpected disruptions and corrective action when necessary.

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Resource allocator

A managerial role responsible for making and approving critical decisions about the organization.

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Planning (in management)

The process of setting goals, creating strategies, and making plans to coordinate work activities. It's like laying out a roadmap for success.

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Negotiator

A managerial role involving representing the organization in important negotiations.

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Organizing (in management)

The activity of organizing involves deciding what tasks need to be done, who will do them, and how these tasks will be grouped. It's about setting up a system for efficient work.

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Leading (in management)

Leading involves motivating and directing employees, making decisions, and selecting the best people for the job. It's about inspiring and guiding others to achieve goals.

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Controlling (in management)

This management function involves setting standards, monitoring progress, and taking corrective action to ensure that work is done correctly and efficiently. It's about keeping things on track.

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Increased job demands for managers

The average manager now has seven direct reports, compared to the previous norm of five. Managers now dedicate less time to direct supervision.

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Lack of management training

Studies show that many managers are appointed without proper training or experience. They are often unprepared to lead others effectively.

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Wrong management candidates

According to a Gallup poll, organizations often choose the wrong candidates for management positions. It's a common mistake.

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Importance of OB (Organizational Behavior)

Organizations are increasingly recognizing the importance of understanding how to manage people. The study of organizational behavior (OB) can provide this knowledge.

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Workplace Diversity Research

The study of how people from diverse backgrounds perform in the workplace, the challenges they face, and how to improve their working conditions.

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Workforce Diversity

The increasing number of individuals with varied backgrounds and experiences in the workforce.

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Age Discrimination in the Workplace

The prejudice and discrimination faced by individuals based on their age or perceived age.

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Socioeconomic Factors Impacting Diversity

The differences in resources and opportunities available to individuals due to factors like gender, sexual orientation, and socio-economic status.

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Influence of Culture and Society on Diversity

Cultural and socioeconomic changes influence how companies approach workforce diversity.

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Inclusive Workplace

The inclusion of individuals from various backgrounds to create a more representative and inclusive workplace.

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Benefits of Diversity

Exploring the strengths and opportunities that arise from having a diverse team.

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Managing Diversity

The challenge of adapting to and accommodating the differing values, beliefs, and perspectives within a diverse team.

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Study Notes

Learning Objectives

  • Define organizational behavior (OB)
  • Show the value of systematic study to OB
  • Identify the major behavioral science disciplines that contribute to OB
  • Demonstrate why few absolutes apply to OB
  • Identify managers' challenges and opportunities in applying OB concepts
  • Compare the three levels of analysis in the text's OB model
  • Describe the key employability skills gained from studying OB that are applicable to other majors or future careers

What is Organizational Behavior?

  • A field of study that examines the impact of individuals, groups, and structure on behavior within organizations
  • It aims to apply this knowledge to improve organizational effectiveness
  • Aims to improve worker attitudes, absenteeism, employee turnover, productivity, and managers' management
  • Topics include: performance, citizenship, deviance, creativity, diversity, inclusion, communication, relationships, leadership, power, politics, conflict, negotiation, organizational theory & structure, job attitudes, emotions, moods, personality differences, judgment, decision-making, motivation, justice, ethics, organizational culture and climate, organizational health, stress, and safety

The Value of Systematic Study

  • OB is a field of study with a common body of knowledge
  • Using systematic study of behavior allows for more accurate predictions
  • Systematic study in OB means evaluating relationships, attributing causes and effects, and establishing conclusions based on scientific evidence
  • Evidence-based management (EBM) complements systematical study by making managerial decisions using the best available scientific evidence

Management Activities

  • Planning: Defining organizational goals, strategies, and plans to guide activities
  • Organizing: Designing work structures, task assignments, reporting hierarchies, and decision-making processes
  • Leading: Guiding, motivating, directing, and resolving conflicts within teams/employees
  • Controlling: Monitoring performance, comparing it to objectives, and implementing corrections where needed

Management Roles

  • Interpersonal: Figurehead, Leader, Liaison
  • Informational: Monitor, Disseminator, Spokesperson
  • Decisional: Entrepreneur, Disturbance Handler, Resource Allocator, Negotiator

Management Skills

  • Technical skills: Applying specialized knowledge and expertise
  • People skills: Effectively working with, motivating, and understanding individuals and groups
  • Conceptual skills: Analyzing complex situations, identifying problems, developing solutions, and evaluating these solutions

Effective vs. Successful Managerial Activities

  • Effective managers demonstrate high performance
  • Successful managers move up quickly in the organization
  • Different activities are often associated with different results from managers who are effective or successful

Workforce Diversity and Inclusion

  • Organizations now prioritize diversity
  • Managing diverse workforces requires understanding of cultural sensitivity and equitable practices

Globalization & Expatriate Assignments

  • Global workforce has increased
  • Expatriate assignments are more common

Technology and Social Media

  • Technology has profoundly affected the business world
  • Social media use has implications for managers
  • Maintaining workplace positivity & safety are challenges related to technology for managers

OB During Crises

  • OB is useful during economic recessions or pandemics
  • Understanding and adapting to changes in the workplace is important for managers

The Plan of the Text

  • Includes individual, group, and organizational levels of analysis
  • Discusses inputs, processes, and outcomes for each level

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