Organization of Mind: Modular and Non-Modular Information Processing
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Questions and Answers

What is the term for the innate understanding of basic principles governing the behavior of physical objects?

  • Folk physics (correct)
  • Cheater detection
  • Deontic reasoning
  • Modular processing

What is the primary difference between Fodorean modules and Darwinian modules?

  • Fodorean modules are specialized for face recognition, while Darwinian modules are specialized for emotion detection
  • Fodorean modules are informationally encapsulated, while Darwinian modules are not (correct)
  • Fodorean modules are involved in intuitive physics, while Darwinian modules are not
  • Fodorean modules are involved in central processing, while Darwinian modules are not

What is the term for the ability to detect people who violate social norms or rules?

  • Cheater detection (correct)
  • Folk psychology
  • Modular processing
  • Deontic reasoning

What is the term for the study of permissions, prohibitions, and obligations?

<p>Deontic reasoning (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hypothesis that suggests that the mind is composed of specialized modules that evolved to solve specific problems?

<p>Massive Modularity Hypothesis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the innate understanding of other people's mental states and behavior?

<p>Folk psychology (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which communication takes place between modules on different layers in ACT-R?

<p>Via buffers or workspaces (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the organizational structure of declarative memory in ACT-R?

<p>In chunks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of production rules in ACT-R?

<p>To specify actions for the system to perform (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of production rules in ACT-R that allows them to be composed together?

<p>They can be nested (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the fundamental nature of the modules in ACT-R?

<p>They are encoded in the form of physical symbols (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key feature of ACT-R that allows it to integrate symbolic and subsymbolic processing?

<p>It uses a hybrid architecture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of modular processing, according to Jerry Fodor's theory?

<p>Domain-specificity and informational encapsulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cognitive architecture is a hybrid of symbolic and subsymbolic processing?

<p>ACT-R (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cheater detection module, according to the Massive Modularity Hypothesis?

<p>To recognize and respond to social rule violations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the idea that the mind is organized into specialized information-processing modules?

<p>Modularity Hypothesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a nonmodular process, according to Fodor's theory?

<p>Solving complex problems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of modular processing, according to Fodor's theory?

<p>Speed and efficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why people are better at reasoning with deontic conditionals?

<p>Because they are able to use a specialized module for monitoring social exchanges and detecting cheaters (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the theory that suggests that people have a specialized module for detecting cheaters in social exchanges?

<p>Cosmides and Tooby's Cheater Detection Module (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between deontic and non-deontic conditionals?

<p>Deontic conditionals involve permissions, entitlements, and/or prohibitions, while non-deontic conditionals do not (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the problem that illustrates the difference between deontic and non-deontic conditionals?

<p>Wason Card Problem (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the percentage of students who solved the drinking-age problem correctly?

<p>73% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason why people are better at reasoning with deontic conditionals in the context of social exchanges?

<p>Because they are able to understand the mental states and behavior of the people involved (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the innate understanding of basic principles governing the behavior of physical objects?

<p>Intuitive Physics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using deontic conditionals in problem-solving?

<p>They are more relevant to social exchanges and therefore easier to reason with (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between deontic reasoning and modularity hypothesis?

<p>Deontic reasoning is a consequence of modularity hypothesis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between the standard, abstract form of the task and the reframed, deontic form of the task?

<p>The standard form is more relevant to physical objects, while the deontic form is more relevant to social exchanges (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary challenge in explaining the genetic basis of cooperative behavior?

<p>Individuals who take advantage of cooperators may do better (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the cognitive architecture developed by John R. Anderson in 1976?

<p>ACT-R (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which module in ACT-R is responsible for processing visual and auditory information?

<p>Perceptual module (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability to detect cheaters and avoid being exploited?

<p>Cheater detection (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the theory that proposes that the mind is composed of innate, domain-specific modules?

<p>Modularity hypothesis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability to reason about moral obligations and permissions?

<p>Deontic reasoning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines which production rule gains access to the buffer?

<p>How likely the system is to achieve its current goal if the production rule is activated (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the basic units of declarative memory?

<p>They are associated with a particular activation level (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approach used to model how accessible information is in declarative memory?

<p>Subsymbolic equations (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the general information processing and the calculations that determine whether an item ends up in a buffer?

<p>The first is symbolic and the second is subsymbolic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the activation level of a chunk in declarative memory?

<p>Both how useful the chunk has been in the past and how relevant it is to the current situation and context (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the ability to detect people who violate social norms or rules?

<p>Cheater detection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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