Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the result of flattening the organizational hierarchy in information systems?
What is the result of flattening the organizational hierarchy in information systems?
- Lower-level employees have more decision-making authority. (correct)
- Lower-level employees have less decision-making authority.
- The organizational structure remains unchanged.
- Managers have more control over lower-level employees.
What is a common reason for organizational resistance to change in implementing information systems?
What is a common reason for organizational resistance to change in implementing information systems?
- Organizational and political resistance to change (correct)
- Insufficient training
- Lack of technical expertise
- Financial constraints
What is the impact of information systems on organizational culture?
What is the impact of information systems on organizational culture?
- It has no impact on organizational culture.
- It only affects the organization's leadership style.
- It influences access to information and changes organizational culture, politics, and work. (correct)
- It only affects the organization's structure.
What is the primary focus of Michael Porter's competitive forces model?
What is the primary focus of Michael Porter's competitive forces model?
What is the potential competitive advantage of information systems?
What is the potential competitive advantage of information systems?
What is the result of post-industrial organizations flattening?
What is the result of post-industrial organizations flattening?
What is a key factor to consider when planning new information systems?
What is a key factor to consider when planning new information systems?
What are the main interest groups affected by an information system?
What are the main interest groups affected by an information system?
What is a characteristic of an entrepreneurial organizational structure?
What is a characteristic of an entrepreneurial organizational structure?
What is a benefit of IT in terms of transaction costs?
What is a benefit of IT in terms of transaction costs?
Which type of firm is likely to capitalize on a new technology developed by a first mover?
Which type of firm is likely to capitalize on a new technology developed by a first mover?
What is the result of IT on the cost of information?
What is the result of IT on the cost of information?
What is a characteristic of a machine bureaucracy organizational structure?
What is a characteristic of a machine bureaucracy organizational structure?
Who is likely to be the CEO of an entrepreneurial organization?
Who is likely to be the CEO of an entrepreneurial organization?
What is a result of IT on the economics of information?
What is a result of IT on the economics of information?
What is a benefit of outsourcing due to IT?
What is a benefit of outsourcing due to IT?
What is the primary goal of customer data mining in an organization?
What is the primary goal of customer data mining in an organization?
What is the term for the process of changing business processes and routines in response to changing environmental conditions?
What is the term for the process of changing business processes and routines in response to changing environmental conditions?
What is the result of divergent viewpoints within an organization?
What is the result of divergent viewpoints within an organization?
What is the primary role of organizational culture?
What is the primary role of organizational culture?
What is the term for a collection of routines and business processes?
What is the term for a collection of routines and business processes?
What is the primary impact of failing to break even on an organization's survival?
What is the primary impact of failing to break even on an organization's survival?
What is the term for the relationship between organizations and information technology?
What is the term for the relationship between organizations and information technology?
What is the primary goal of organizational change management?
What is the primary goal of organizational change management?
What is the term for the set of assumptions that define an organization's goals and products?
What is the term for the set of assumptions that define an organization's goals and products?
What is the primary role of routines in an organization?
What is the primary role of routines in an organization?
Study Notes
Definition of Organization
- An organization is a formal legal entity with internal rules and procedures, and a social structure.
- It transforms inputs (capital and labor) into outputs (products and services) that are consumed by the environment, which supplies additional capital and labor as inputs.
Features of Organizations
- Organizations are composed of individual routines, which are precise rules and practices developed to cope with expected situations.
- Business processes are a collection of routines, and a business firm is a collection of business processes.
Organizational Politics and Culture
- Organizational politics refers to the use of power and influence to achieve goals and resolve conflicts.
- Organizational culture is a set of assumptions that define goals and products, and is a powerful unifying force as well as a restraint on change.
Relationship between Organizations and Information Technology
- The relationship between organizations and information technology influences each other.
- Factors that influence this relationship include structure, business processes, politics, culture, environment, and management decisions.
Organizational Environments
- Organizations are dependent on the social and physical environment, and can influence their environment.
- Change in the environment can happen faster than change in the organization.
- Information systems can be instruments of environmental scanning, acting as a lens to provide managers with information to supervise a larger number of workers.
Types of Organizations
- Professional bureaucracy: law firms, school systems, hospitals, and other knowledge-based organizations where goods and services depend on the expertise of professionals.
- Adhocracy: consulting firms where understanding of information systems is important, and department heads have weak centralized authority.
Disruptive Technologies
- Disruptive technologies bring about sweeping change to businesses, industries, and markets, e.g., the internet and personal computers.
- Postindustrial organizations are flattened, with authority relying on knowledge rather than formal positions.
Competitive Advantage of Information Systems
- Michael Porter's competitive forces model: general view of the firm, competitors, and environment.
- Competitive forces/industry ecosystem: traditional competitors, new entrants, substitutes, suppliers, and buyers.
Organizational Resistance to Change
- Common failure reason is organizational and political resistance to change, which information systems can influence.
- Task force organizations are formed to respond to rapidly changing environments.
Impact of Information Systems on Organizations
- Economic impact: IT changes the cost of capital and the cost of information.
- IT is a factor of production, and info systems can help firms contract in size, reducing transaction costs.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of organizations, including their definition, structure, and role in transforming capital and labor into outputs.
