Organización y Gestión de la Salud Pública

Organización y Gestión de la Salud Pública

• Misión y objetivos de la institución NUT. Rubén Munizaga: The provided image depicts a logo, likely for the organization NUT. Rubén Munizaga. Further details about their mission or specific objectives are not included in the image or accompanying text.

Recolección de Datos en Salud Pública

• Recolectar, analizar e interpretar datos de salud: Systematic and continuous data collection, analysis and interpretation is essential for public health planning, implementation, and evaluation. This process is crucial for understanding public health problems.

• Salud Pública (CDC): Data collection and analysis are key aspects of public health practice, according to the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) model.

• Importancia cronológica de la recolección de datos: Continuous data collection in public health is essential.

Vigilancia de la Salud

• Actualización del conocimiento sobre enfermedades: Public health systems must constantly monitor the behavior of diseases to identify changes in local, regional, and national trends.

• Identificar factores condicionantes del cambio en la salud: Detecting potential alterations in factors affecting public health, allowing for preventative action.

• Análisis de la susceptibilidad a problemas de salud: Assessing public health risks to better prepare for potential outbreaks or related issues.

• Evaluación del impacto de acciones de salud: Evaluating the outcome of implemented public health actions to adjust future strategies.

• Apoyo en la prestación de servicios de salud: Public health initiatives should support the provision of adequate health services across all levels of healthcare.

Clasificación de Intervenciones y Medidas de Prevención

• Prevención primaria, secundaria, terciaria: The diagram highlights three levels of prevention (primary, secondary, tertiary). These steps work together to address factors at different stages of disease progression.

• Determinantes socioeconómicos, condiciones ambientales, y sector sanitario del impacto: Factors like socioeconomic status, environment, and healthcare infrastructure are crucial to understand potential disease or health disparities.

Indicadores para la Evaluación de la Salud

• Magnitud: The number of people affected by a health issue.

• Severidad: Determining the degree of seriousness, encompassing mortality, morbidity, and significant impact on quality of life.

• Vulnerabilidad: Assessing levels of risk and susceptibility.

• Preocupación e interés: Examining public interest and concern regarding the issue.

• Tendencias: Evaluating changes or patterns in the public health issue.

Componentes del Sistema de Vigilancia

• Etapas de la recolección de datos: The stages involved in the data collection process include operationalizing guidelines, identifying cases, notification systems, data classification, and verifying collected data.

• Responsabilidad en la recolección de datos: Different levels of health authorities (local, intermediate, national) share responsibility for data collection.

• Análisis de la información: Establishing a structured analysis process from basic epidemiologic variables involving comparison with past data and local considerations when determining an effective protocol.

Diseño de Sistemas de Vigilancia

• Componentes requeridos: Key elements in the design of effective public health surveillance programs that follow the principles of epidemiological analysis include a legal framework, clear objectives, case definition, pilot testing, methods for collecting data and mechanisms of information dissemination.

Tipos de Vigilancia Epidemiológica

• Vigilancia universal: Monitoring all cases of a particular disease or health event..

• Basada en centinela: Focusing on a subset of places or individuals to identify early warning signals of a health issue.

• Programas de erradicación: Targeting disease elimination through comprehensive control strategies.

• Vigilancia de brotes: Responding to and managing outbreaks rapidly.

Enfermedades de Declaración Obligatoria

• Lista de enfermedades: The presentation lists a wide range of communicable diseases, requiring mandatory reporting.

Factores de Riesgo y Enfermedades Clave

• Virus emergentes y enfermedades emergentes (ej. Coronavirus): This section provides a historical overview of virus outbreaks and emerging diseases.

• Ejemplos de enfermedades: A list of specific diseases included, providing insight into public health issues.

• Especificidad de las intervenciones: The slide further divides prevention levels to address specific health-related concerns.

• Determinantes Sociales: This section examines societal influences on health outcomes.

Datos de carga de enfermedad

• Indicadores cuantitativos: Providing data-driven insights into illness and mortalities.

Clasificaciones de Enfermedades

• Enf. Crónicas no transmisibles: Specific diseases are mentioned.

Objetivos y Metas de la Vigilancia

• Calidad de vida en Chile: The presentation aims to enhance the quality of life of people in Chile by monitoring and controlling public health concerns.

Grupos de Población Prioritarios

• The slide lists multiple groups at high risk, such as workers, children, and the elderly.

Sistema de vigilancia en Chile

• Etapas y responsabilidades en el sistema de vigilancia chileno: Diagram illustrates the organizational levels involved in Chile's surveillance system, along with their specific roles and responsibilities.

Componentes y Funciones Clave

• Rol de los establecimientos asistenciales: Establishing a clear chain of reporting, and monitoring for possible health issues.

Clasificación de los sistemas de Vigilancia Epidemiológica

• Sistemas de Vigilancia de las enfermedades de notificación obligatoria: This section outlines various notification procedures for communicable diseases.

Clasificación de los Sistemas de Notificación

• Clasificación de la notificación diaria y notificación inmediata: This section distinguishes notification processes for different types of public health events.

Tipos de muestreo para las enfermedades

• Criterios de muestreo: Defining criteria and characteristics for monitoring possible health issues.

Categorías de Vigilancia

• Categorías de vigilancia The presentation includes categories of vigilance such as community-based and hospital-based surveillance, and their respective components, with detailed information on specific procedures or diseases.

Patógenos relacionados con la salud

• Diversos patógenos: This section presents the names of a wide range of disease-causing microorganisms.

Sistema de Salud Chileno

• Organigrama del sistema de salud chileno: The slide contains multiple organizational charts providing insights into the healthcare structure in Chile.

Modelos de Vigilancia

• Modelo de la historia natural de la enfermedad Conceptual frameworks used to examine the progression and development of specific diseases..

Este cuestionario aborda la misión y objetivos de la organización NUT. Rubén Munizaga, así como la importancia de la recolección, análisis e interpretación de datos en salud pública. Se cubren también aspectos de vigilancia y actualización del conocimiento sobre enfermedades en el contexto de la salud pública.