Organic vs Inorganic Compounds Quiz

Organic Compounds

• Organic compounds are defined by their carbon content, often combined with hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
• These compounds are essential for life.
• Examples include glucose and alcohol.
• They are crucial in chemistry and biochemistry.
• Organic compounds form the basis of biological molecules, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.

Inorganic Compounds

• Inorganic compounds lack carbon and are not associated with living organisms.
• Examples include water and table salt.
• They are essential for survival but do not contain carbon.

Organic Foods

• Organic foods must meet specific conditions, like being free from antibiotics and pesticides.
• This promotes sustainable farming practices.

Carbohydrates

• Carbohydrates are a primary energy source for humans.
• They are also stored as energy in plants, like starch.
• Carbohydrates are categorized as monosaccharides (single units), disaccharides (two linked monosaccharides), and polysaccharides.
• Glucose is a common monosaccharide.
• The chemical formula for glucose is C6H12O6, indicating a 2:1 hydrogen-to-oxygen ratio in carbohydrates.
• This ratio is crucial for their structure.

Lipids

• Lipids have a higher hydrogen-to-oxygen ratio than carbohydrates.
• They are crucial for energy storage and cell membrane formation.
• Fatty acids are classified as saturated or unsaturated.
• Unsaturated fats are generally healthier than saturated fats (solid at room temperature).

Proteins

• Proteins are vital macromolecules with numerous functions, including muscle development, cellular structures, transport, and immunity.
• They are composed of amino acids.
• Proteins include various elements like carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, forming peptide chains.
• Proteins form cellular structures like hair and facilitate substance transport via receptors and channels.
• Proteins also produce antibodies to fight diseases and maintain health.

Nucleic Acids

• Nucleic acids (RNA and DNA) store and direct genetic information crucial for cellular growth and reproduction.
• RNA is a single strand, vital for protein synthesis, and uses ribose sugar.
• DNA is a double helix that contains the genetic blueprint for organisms, carrying genes for protein creation and cellular functions.
• Nucleic acids are essential to the cycles that sustain life on Earth.