Organic Molecules and Biomolecules Quiz

Biomolecules Overview

• Carbohydrates are a major source of energy, encompassing sugars and starches which provide fuel for cellular processes.
• They can be categorized into simple sugars (monosaccharides) and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides).

Lipids Structure

• The monomer for lipids is glycerol, which combines with fatty acids to form triglycerides and other lipid types.
• Lipids are hydrophobic and play key roles in energy storage, insulation, and cell membrane structure.

Saturated Lipids

• Saturated lipids feature only single bonds between carbon atoms in their fatty acid chains.
• This structure results in a more solid state at room temperature, commonly found in animal fats.

Proteins Classification

• Proteins are composed of amino acids, which are organic compounds consisting of amino and carboxyl functional groups.
• They serve various functions, including as enzymes, structural components, and signaling molecules.

Amino Acids and Protein Diversity

• There are 20 standard amino acids that can combine in numerous ways to form a vast array of protein molecules.
• This combination allows for an immense diversity of proteins, crucial for countless biological functions.