23 Questions
What is the term for molecules produced by living organisms that are essential to biological processes?
Biomolecules
What type of biomolecules are thought to be the most abundant and are excellent providers of energy?
Carbohydrates
How are simple carbohydrates different from complex carbohydrates in terms of digestion and glucose release?
Simple carbohydrates are digested quickly and provide immediate bursts of glucose, while complex carbohydrates are digested more slowly and supply a slower release of glucose.
What essential role do carbohydrates play in the human body?
Carbohydrates act as an energy source, help brain function, aid muscle activity, control blood glucose and insulin metabolism, and assist in cholesterol and fermentation processes.
What are some benefits of consuming carbohydrates?
Preventing diseases, providing fiber for bowel function, reducing the risk of diabetes, preventing blood clots, and controlling weight.
How do carbohydrates help in preventing diseases?
By providing fiber for bowel function and reducing the risk of diabetes.
What is the role of plant fiber in reducing the risk of cancer?
Decrease the possibility of getting cancer
How do monosaccharides like Glucose and Fructose contribute to carbohydrates?
They are single structural units or monomers.
What distinguishes aldoses from ketoses in monosaccharides?
Presence of aldehyde in aldoses and carbonyl group in ketoses
How are disaccharides like Sucrose and Lactose formed?
Through a condensation reaction and the formation of a glycosidic bond
What are dioses and trioses in terms of the number of carbon atoms?
Dioses have two carbon atoms, and trioses have three carbon atoms
How do carbohydrates benefit athletes?
Improve stamina, agility, and performance
What type of bond links monosaccharide units in polysaccharides?
Glycosidic bonds
Which polysaccharide forms a rigid structure and is insoluble in water?
Cellulose
What is the form of energy storage in plants?
Starch
What is the form of energy storage in animals?
Glycogen
What is an example of a structural polysaccharide found in the cell wall of plants?
Cellulose
Where is chitin, a structural polysaccharide, found?
In the cell walls of fungi and the exoskeletons of some shelled animals and insects
What is the main distinction between starches and dietary fibers in terms of their molecular bonds?
Starches have molecular bonds that humans can digest and break down, while dietary fibers have molecular bonds that cannot be easily broken down and digested.
Why do starches not taste sweet even though they are made of sugars?
Starches do not taste sweet because their molecular structure as polysaccharides with digestible bonds does not trigger sweet taste receptors.
How do dietary fibers contribute to maintaining healthy blood sugar levels?
Dietary fibers slow down the absorption rate of sugars like glucose in the body, thereby helping to maintain healthy blood sugar levels.
Provide two examples of starches commonly found in human diets.
Examples of starches include rice, potatoes, corn, wheat, etc.
Explain the fate of dietary fibers in the body after consumption.
Dietary fibers pass through the body and end up as bulk matter without being fully broken down or digested.
Test your knowledge on biomolecules produced by living organisms including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Learn about their importance in biological processes like cell division and energy production.
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