Organic Chemistry: Stereochemistry
78 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the term used to describe a molecule that is superimposable on its mirror image?

  • Chiral
  • Tetrahedral
  • Stereoisomer
  • Achiral (correct)

What is the term used to describe a carbon atom bonded to four different groups?

  • Tetrahedral center
  • Stereogenic center (correct)
  • Achiral center
  • Chiral center

What is the result of interchanging two groups on a tetrahedral stereogenic center?

  • It converts one enantiomer into another (correct)
  • It creates a plane of symmetry
  • It makes the molecule chiral
  • It makes the molecule achiral

What is the characteristic of a plane of symmetry in a molecule?

<p>It divides the molecule into two identical halves (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe molecules that are isomers differing only in the three-dimensional arrangement of substituents?

<p>Stereoisomers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe mirror images that are not superimposable?

<p>Enantiomers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of stereochemistry in organic chemistry?

<p>Dealing with the structure of molecules in three dimensions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between constitutional isomers and stereoisomers?

<p>The way their atoms are connected to each other (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of stereoisomers?

<p>They have identical IUPAC names except for a prefix (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a chiral molecule?

<p>A molecule that is not superimposable on its mirror image (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of an achiral molecule?

<p>A sock (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of constitutional isomers?

<p>They have different IUPAC names (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the tube in a polarimeter?

<p>To hold the substance being examined for optical activity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the substance does not affect the plane of polarization?

<p>The light transmission is still at a maximum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a tetrahedral stereogenic center?

<p>Being bonded to four different groups (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a substance that rotates the plane of polarization to the right?

<p>Dextrorotatory (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following molecules has a plane of symmetry?

<p>CH2BrCl (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the symbol used to indicate a rotation to the left?

<ul> <li>(D)</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum number of tetrahedral stereogenic centers required for a molecule to exist as a pair of enantiomers?

<p>One (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the arrangement of the lenses in a polarimeter when the tube is empty?

<p>The lenses are arranged so that they pass light vibrating in the same plane (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of carbon atoms should be omitted from consideration when looking for stereogenic centers?

<p>sp or sp2 hybridized carbon atoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a substance that does not affect the plane of polarization?

<p>Optically inactive (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct way to depict a tetrahedron when drawing a pair of enantiomers?

<p>Place two bonds in the plane, one in front of the plane on a wedge, and one behind the plane on a dash (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is 3-methylcyclohexene a chiral compound?

<p>Because it has a tetrahedral stereogenic center (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following molecules can be chiral?

<p>Molecules with no plane of symmetry (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum requirement for a molecule to be considered achiral?

<p>The molecule has a plane of symmetry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of interchanging two groups on a carbon atom bonded to four different groups?

<p>The molecule becomes a different enantiomer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct term for molecules that are isomers differing only in their three-dimensional arrangement of substituents?

<p>Stereoisomers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of chiral molecules?

<p>They are superimposable on their mirror image (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between chiral and achiral molecules?

<p>The presence or absence of a plane of symmetry (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct term for a molecule that has a non-superimposable mirror image?

<p>Chiral molecule (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of isomers always have the same functional group(s)?

<p>Stereoisomers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of constitutional isomers that differs from stereoisomers?

<p>Different functional groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the IUPAC names of stereoisomers?

<p>They are identical except for a prefix (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of chiral molecules that is similar to hands?

<p>They are not superimposable on their mirror images (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of stereochemistry in organic chemistry?

<p>The structure of molecules in three dimensions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the polarimeter?

<p>To measure the optical activity of a substance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the plane of polarization when a substance is optically active?

<p>It is rotated to the right or left (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the maximum amount of light reaching our eye in a polarimeter?

<p>It indicates the correct alignment of the lenses (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which carbon atom is bonded to four different groups in 3-methylcyclohexene?

<p>C3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a substance that rotates the plane of polarization to the right?

<p>Dextrorotatory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the minimum number of tetrahedral stereogenic centers required for a molecule to exist as a pair of diastereomers?

<p>2 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the arrangement of the lenses in a polarimeter when the tube is empty and a maximum amount of light reaches our eye?

<p>The lenses pass light vibrating in the same plane (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it unnecessary to examine CH2 and CH3 groups when looking for stereogenic centers?

<p>They can never be bonded to four different groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the symbol used to indicate a rotation to the right in a polarimeter?

<ul> <li>(B)</li> </ul> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct way to depict a tetrahedral stereogenic center when drawing a molecule?

<p>Place two bonds in the plane, one in front of the plane on a wedge, and one behind the plane on a dash (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a molecule with a plane of symmetry?

<p>It is superimposable on its mirror image (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a stereogenic center in a cyclic compound?

<p>It must be bonded to four different groups (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about a meso compound?

<p>It has superimposable mirror images (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is VII not chiral?

<p>Because it has a plane of symmetry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a meso compound?

<p>It always has a plane of symmetry (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when you interchange two groups on a tetrahedral stereogenic center?

<p>The molecule becomes achiral (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between VII and VIII?

<p>They are superimposable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of making VIII, the mirror image of VII?

<p>The two molecules are superimposable (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a molecule with a plane of symmetry?

<p>It is always achiral (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between VII and V/VI?

<p>VII is a diastereomer of V and VI (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is a meso compound optically inactive?

<p>Because it has a plane of symmetry (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of a meso compound in at least one of its conformations?

<p>One half of the molecule is the mirror image of the other half (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a meso compound?

<p>It is optically inactive (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason VII is not chiral?

<p>It has a plane of symmetry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a stereogenic center?

<p>It is a carbon atom bonded to four different groups (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between VII and VIII?

<p>They are superimposable (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a molecule with a plane of symmetry?

<p>It is achiral (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe a molecule that is superimposable on its mirror image?

<p>Achiral molecule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is unique about a meso compound compared to other stereoisomers?

<p>It is optically inactive (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of interchanging two groups on a tetrahedral stereogenic center?

<p>The molecule becomes achiral (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a diastereomer?

<p>It is a type of stereoisomer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the process of recognizing a meso structure?

<p>Symmetry recognition (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of a meso compound?

<p>It is superimposable on its mirror image. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is molecule VII not chiral?

<p>Because it has a plane of symmetry. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between molecules V, VI, and VII?

<p>They are diastereomers. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for a molecule to be optically active?

<p>It must have at least one stereogenic center. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a stereogenic center in a meso compound?

<p>It has a plane of symmetry. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of interchanging two groups on a tetrahedral stereogenic center in a meso compound?

<p>The molecule remains the same. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key difference between a meso compound and a chiral molecule?

<p>A meso compound has a plane of symmetry, while a chiral molecule does not. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the condition for a molecule to be a meso compound?

<p>It must have a plane of symmetry. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between molecule VII and its mirror image?

<p>They are superimposable. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a stereoisomer that is not a meso compound?

<p>It is optically active. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser