Organic Chemistry: Shapes of Carbon Compounds

Organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the study of hydrocarbons and their derivatives.

The three types of hybridization are sp3 (in alkanes) - Tetrahedral in shape, sp2 (in alkenes) - Planar structure, and sp (in alkynes) - Linear molecule.

A functional group is an atom or group of atoms joined in a specific manner which determines the chemical properties of the organic compound.

<p>A homologous series may be defined as a family of organic compounds having the same functional group, similar chemical properties, and the successive members differ from each other in molecular formula by -CH2 units.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The IUPAC system of nomenclature is used to provide a standardized way of naming organic compounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Before the IUPAC system of nomenclature, organic compounds were named after the sources of origin, such as urea being named after its source, urine of mammals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Word root, suffix, prefix</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The number of carbon atoms in the principal chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The type of bond in the carbon atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To represent the functional group</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To appear before the word root</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To differentiate cyclic compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In such a manner that the functional group is attached at the carbon atoms possessing the lowest possible number in the chain</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When compounds have the same molecular formula but different structural formula and properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Structural isomerism and stereoisomerism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Compounds with the same molecular formula but different arrangement of atoms within the chain</p> Signup and view all the answers