Organic Chemistry Reaction Types

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Questions and Answers

Match the following organic reactions with their corresponding examples:

Addition Reaction = Reaction of formaldehyde with cyanide ion Substitution Reaction = Hydrolysis of tert-butyl chloride Elimination Reaction = Dehydration of ethanol Oxidation Reaction = Oxidation of ethanol to acetic acid

Match the following organic reaction types with their respective descriptions:

Nucleophilic Substitution = A reaction involving an electron-rich species attacking a positively charged center Electrophilic Addition = An electron-deficient species adding across a double or triple bond Rearrangement Reaction = Conversion of a molecule into an isomer Free Radical Addition = A reaction involving species with unpaired electrons

Match the following organic reactions with the key feature that defines them:

Polymerization = Joining of small molecules (monomers) to form a large molecule (polymer) Hydrolysis = Breaking of a bond in a molecule by reaction with water Combustion = Reaction with oxygen leading to carbon dioxide, water, and energy release Isomerization = Conversion of a molecule into its isomer

Match the following organic reactions with their corresponding mechanisms:

Sₙ1 = Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution Sₙ2 = Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution Diels-Alder = A type of cycloaddition reaction Simmons-Smith = A reaction involving carbene-like intermediates Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organic reactions with their respective products:

Nitration of benzene = Nitrobenzene Addition of HBr to ethene = Bromoethane Pinacol-Pinacolone rearrangement = Pinacolone Chlorination of methane = Chloromethane Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organic reactions with their corresponding reactants:

Hydrolysis of esters = Esters Hydrolysis of amides = Amides Combustion of hydrocarbons = Hydrocarbons Conversion of glucose to fructose = Glucose Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organic reaction types with their corresponding characteristics:

Nucleophilic Addition = An electron-rich species attacks a carbonyl carbon Free Radical Reaction = Involves species with unpaired electrons Reduction Reaction = Decrease in oxidation state Oxidation Reaction = Increase in oxidation state Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organic reaction types with their corresponding reagents:

Sₙ1 = Tertiary alkyl halides Sₙ2 = Primary alkyl halides Addition Polymerization = Initiators and monomers Dehydration = Strong acids like H₂SO₄ Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organic reactions with their corresponding conditions or catalysts:

Nitration of benzene = Concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid Diels-Alder Reaction = Heat Simmons-Smith cyclopropanation = Carbenoid reagents like zinc-copper couple and a diiodomethane Dehydration of ethanol = Heat and a strong acid Signup and view all the answers

Match the following types of reactions with their correct descriptions:

Substitution Reactions = One atom or group replaced by another atom or group Addition Reactions = Atoms added to a double or triple bond Rearrangement Reactions = Atoms within a molecule rearrange to form isomers Redox Reactions = Involve the transfer of electrons Signup and view all the answers

Match the specific types of substitution reactions with their characteristics:

S_N1 = Unimolecular nucleophilic substitution S_N2 = Bimolecular nucleophilic substitution Electrophilic Substitution = Electrophile replaces a group Nucleophilic Substitution = Nucleophile replaces a leaving group Signup and view all the answers

Match the following addition reaction types with their examples:

Electrophilic Addition = Hydrohalogenation Nucleophilic Addition = Addition to carbonyl compounds Free Radical Addition = Polymerization of ethene Hydration = Addition of water to alkenes Signup and view all the answers

Match the following elimination reaction types with their corresponding definitions:

E1 = Unimolecular elimination E2 = Bimolecular elimination Dehydration of Alcohols = Formation of double bonds by removal of water Dehydrohalogenation = Formation of double bonds by removal of halogens Signup and view all the answers

Match the following categories of condensation reactions with their examples:

Aldol Condensation = Formation of β-hydroxy carbonyl compounds Esterification = Formation of esters from acids and alcohols Peptide Bond Formation = Combination of amino acids Decarboxylation = Removal of a carboxylic acid group Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of pericyclic reactions with their characteristics:

Cycloaddition = Formation of cyclic compounds Sigmatropic Rearrangement = Rearrangement of atoms in a molecule Electrocyclic Reactions = Reversible reactions involving a change in electron configuration Diels-Alder Reaction = Specific type of cycloaddition Signup and view all the answers

Match the following oxidation and reduction types with their examples:

Oxidation = Increase in bonds to oxygen Reduction = Increase in bonds to hydrogen Oxidation of Alcohols = Conversion to aldehydes or ketones Hydrogenation of Alkenes = Addition of hydrogen to unsaturated compounds Signup and view all the answers

Match the processes involved in radical reactions with their definitions:

Initiation = Generation of free radicals Propagation = Continuation of the radical reaction Termination = Scavenging of free radicals Halogenation of Alkanes = Reaction of free radicals with alkanes Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Substitution Reaction

A type of chemical reaction where one atom or group of atoms in a molecule is replaced by another atom or group.

Nucleophilic Substitution

A reaction in which a nucleophile (an electron-rich species) replaces a leaving group (a group that departs with its electrons).

S_N1

A substitution reaction that involves the formation of a carbocation intermediate.

S_N2

A substitution reaction that involves a concerted reaction mechanism, where the nucleophile attacks the substrate at the same time the leaving group departs.