Organic Chemistry Quiz: Alkanes and Alkenes

Compounds initially thought to be produced only by living organisms.

A theory stating that organic compounds could only be made by living organisms and not synthetically in a lab.

A chemical reaction where urea, an organic compound, was synthesized from ammonium cyanate, an inorganic compound, disproving the vital force theory.

The simplest organic compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon.

Hydrocarbons with single bonds between carbon atoms.

Hydrocarbons with at least one double bond between carbon atoms.

The specific arrangement of atoms and bonds in a molecule, showing the connections between them.

A process where atomic orbitals mix to form new hybrid orbitals, contributing to the shape of a molecule.

A prefix used when a hydrocarbon chain has a side branch.

An open chain hydrocarbon is defined as a chain of carbon atoms that is not closed to form a ring. It is a straight or branched chain.

The process of naming an organic compound based on its structure.

A method used to name alkanes with multiple side branches (substituents) by assigning numbers to the carbon atoms in the longest continuous chain.

The general formula for alkanes, where 'n' represents the number of carbon atoms.

A side substituent or side chain attached to a main carbon chain in an organic molecule.

A standard system for naming organic compounds, formulated by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.

The systematic and standardized way of naming and classifying organic compounds based on their structure and functional groups.

The base name of an organic compound determined by the longest continuous carbon chain in its structure.

A suffix added to the root word in the IUPAC nomenclature to indicate the type of functional group present in the organic compound.

A series of organic compounds with the same functional group and a general formula, where each consecutive member differs by a CH2 unit.

A compound containing a ring of carbon atoms.

A cyclic compound whose ring is made up of only carbon atoms.

A cyclic compound whose ring is made up of carbon atoms and other types of atoms.

A compound with a straight chain of carbon atoms.

A compound with a branched chain of carbon atoms.

A measure of the degree of unsaturation in a molecule, representing the number of rings and/or pi bonds.

A compound with a simple, non-aromatic ring structure consisting of only carbon atoms.

Names for the number of carbon atoms in a hydrocarbon compound, used as prefixes, for example, "meth" for one carbon atom.

Groups of atoms attached to a hydrocarbon chain, responsible for the compound's chemical properties.

A suffix added to the primary prefix for compounds with single bonds between carbon atoms.

A suffix added to the primary prefix for compounds with double bonds between carbon atoms.

A suffix added to the primary prefix for compounds with triple bonds between carbon atoms.

A branch or side chain attached to the main carbon chain, impacting the compound's structure.

Indicating the position of a double or triple bond within a hydrocarbon chain.

A convention in naming organic compounds where the longest continuous carbon chain is identified, followed by the position and type of functional groups and substituents.

Alkenes are hydrocarbons with at least one carbon-carbon double bond. They follow the general formula CnH2n, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms.

Alkanes are hydrocarbons with only single bonds between carbon atoms. They follow the general formula CnH2n+2, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms.

Cycloalkanes are cyclic hydrocarbons with carbon atoms forming a closed ring. They have the general formula CnH2n, where 'n' is the number of carbon atoms in the ring.

The priority order of functional groups determines the main group that influences the name of a molecule. It's a hierarchy based on the group's effect on the molecule's properties.

Carboxylic acids are organic compounds with a -COOH group. They are named by using the prefix 'alkanoic acid' and counting the carbon atoms, including the one in the carboxyl group.