Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of carbon-carbon bond has the shortest length and highest strength?
Which type of carbon-carbon bond has the shortest length and highest strength?
- Single Bond
- Double Bond
- Ionic Bond
- Triple Bond (correct)
In organic chemistry, carbon is typically tetravalent, meaning it forms four bonds.
In organic chemistry, carbon is typically tetravalent, meaning it forms four bonds.
True (A)
Provide the molecular formula for butyric acid.
Provide the molecular formula for butyric acid.
C4H8O2
A carbon-hydrogen bond is considered a ______ single bond.
A carbon-hydrogen bond is considered a ______ single bond.
Match the following elements with their typical valency in organic compounds:
Match the following elements with their typical valency in organic compounds:
Which of the following is an example of a condensed formula?
Which of the following is an example of a condensed formula?
In a skeletal formula, carbon atoms and most hydrogen atoms are explicitly drawn.
In a skeletal formula, carbon atoms and most hydrogen atoms are explicitly drawn.
What term describes double bonds separated by a single bond?
What term describes double bonds separated by a single bond?
What is the valency of halogens?
What is the valency of halogens?
In which arrangement are three double bonds located next to each other?
In which arrangement are three double bonds located next to each other?
Flashcards
Single Bond
Single Bond
A bond where a single pair of electrons is shared between two atoms; C-H is an example.
Double Bond
Double Bond
Bond in which two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms.
Triple Bond
Triple Bond
A bond in which three pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms.
Isolated Double Bonds
Isolated Double Bonds
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Conjugated Double Bonds
Conjugated Double Bonds
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Cumulative Double Bonds
Cumulative Double Bonds
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Molecular Formula
Molecular Formula
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Empirical Formula
Empirical Formula
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Condensed Formula
Condensed Formula
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Displayed/Structural Formula
Displayed/Structural Formula
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Study Notes
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Covalent bonds predominate
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C-H is a single bond
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C=C is a double bond
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≡C≡ is a triple bond
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C-H is single and non-polar
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C⁺ δ⁻Cl ⁻ single bond
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Length: Single bond is the longest, triple bond is the shortest
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Strength: Single bond is the weakest, triple bond is the strongest
Position of Double Bonds
- Isolated double bonds: =C-C-C=C
- Conjugated bond: =C-C=C
- Cumulative: =C=C=
Number of Bonds Elements Can Have
- Carbon: tetravalent (4)
- Hydrogen: monovalent (1)
- Oxygen, Sulfur: divalent (2)
- Nitrogen: trivalent (3)
- Halogens: monovalent (1)
Formulas in Organic Chemistry
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Molecule = butyric acid
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Molecular formula: C₄H₈O₂
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Empirical formula (ratio): C₂H₄O
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Condensed formula: CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH
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Displayed (structural) formula: H-C-C-C-C=O with Hydrogens attached appropriately
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Structural formula: CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-C
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Skeletal formula: Zig-zag line with O attached
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