Organic Chemistry Fundamentals

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic typically associated with alkanes?

They have the general formula $C_nH_{2n+2}$.
They are saturated hydrocarbons.
They are relatively unreactive compared to alkenes and alkynes.
They primarily undergo addition reactions due to their saturation. (correct)

Which statement best describes the key difference between structural isomers and stereoisomers?

Structural isomers have the same connectivity but different arrangements in space, while stereoisomers have different connectivity of atoms.
Structural isomers can interconvert at room temperature, while stereoisomers cannot.
Structural isomers have the same molecular formula but different connectivity of atoms, while stereoisomers have the same connectivity but different arrangements in space. (correct)
Structural isomers are always chiral, while stereoisomers are always achiral.

Which functional group contains a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to at least one hydrogen atom?

Carboxylic acid
Ketone
Ether
Aldehyde (correct)

In an elimination reaction, what is the primary outcome?

A molecule loses atoms or groups of atoms, often forming a multiple bond. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the defining characteristic of a nucleophile in a reaction mechanism?

It is an electron-rich species that donates electrons. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key structural feature that defines aromatic compounds?

A cyclic, planar ring system with alternating single and double bonds. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the properties of carboxylic acids?

They are weak acids that can undergo esterification reactions. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between enantiomers and diastereomers?

Enantiomers are stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images, while diastereomers are stereoisomers that are not mirror images. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction is characterized by the combination of two or more molecules to form a larger molecule?

Addition reaction (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the nature of amines?

They are basic compounds containing nitrogen atom bonded to carbon atoms. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Organic Chemistry

Study of carbon-containing compounds' structure, properties, composition, reactions, and preparation.

Functional Groups

Specific groups of atoms within molecules responsible for characteristic chemical reactions.