Questions and Answers
What suffix is used to indicate the presence of a ketone in an organic compound?
Which functional group characterizes an alcohol and what is its suffix?
What prefix is used for a carbon chain consisting of three carbon atoms?
How can the position of a hydroxyl group be indicated when naming an alcohol?
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What is the structural characteristic of an aromatic compound?
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What distinguishes a ketone from an aldehyde?
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What is the systematic name for the compound C2H6?
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What are the first four systematic names for carbon chain lengths in organic compounds?
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Study Notes
Organic Compounds
- A prefix for three identical substituents in an organic compound is "tri".
- The suffix for a ketone is "anone".
- The general term for an organic compound containing a C-C and C-H single bond only is an alkane.
- Alkanes differ from alkenes in that they have no double bond.
Structural Isomers
- Structural isomers are compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.
Organic Compound Types
- Aromatic compounds contain a benzene ring in their structure.
- An ester has a COOC (C-O-O-C) group in the middle of the molecule, whereas a carboxylic acid has a COOH (C-O-O-H) group at the end of the molecule.
- An aldehyde has a CHO group at the end of the molecule, whereas a ketone has a C=O group in the middle of the molecule.
Functional Groups
- The alcohol functional group is O-H, with the suffix "anol".
- Aldehydes have the suffix "al".
- The functional group for aromatic compounds is a benzene ring.
Naming Compounds
- The IUPAC name for C₂H₆ is Ethane.
- Systematic names of carbon chain length are: • Meth • Eth • Prop • But • Pent • Hex • Hept • Oct • Non • Dec
- Steps in naming a molecule: • Count the longest carbon chain and assign the correct name. • Add the appropriate ending based on the functional group. • Add any substituents at the front of the name, indicating position so the lowest possible number is used.
- To name an ester, start with the alcohol part of the molecule first, ending in “yl”, and the carboxylic acid part of the ester should finish in “anoate”.
- To name an alcohol, indicate the position of the hydroxyl group with the number of the first carbon with the hydroxyl group, using the smallest possible number.
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Description
Test your knowledge on organic chemistry functional groups with this quiz. You'll answer questions about the suffixes used for ketones and alcohols, the differences between structural isomers and regular isomers, and naming conventions for esters and carbon chains. Perfect for students studying organic chemistry concepts!
