18 Questions
What type of reaction is used to form diols from alkenes?
Oxidation reaction
Which of the following is NOT a common electrophile source mentioned in the text?
NaOH
In an electrophilic addition reaction, what type of intermediate is formed when the double bond is broken?
Carbocation
Which type of carbocation is the most stable according to the text?
Tertiary
In an electrophilic addition reaction of a hydrogen halide, which product will be the major product?
The product formed via the most stable carbocation
What is the purpose of the acid catalyst in the reaction shown in the first example?
To stabilize the carbocation intermediate
What is the primary reason for the limited rotation around a carbon-carbon double bond?
The presence of a π-bond
Which of the following best describes the geometry around the carbon atoms in a carbon-carbon double bond?
Trigonal planar
How does bromine water react with alkenes (compounds with carbon-carbon double bonds)?
Bromine water changes color from orange-brown to colorless
What type of stereoisomerism is observed in alkenes due to the limited rotation around the carbon-carbon double bond?
E-Z isomerism
Which type of species is attracted to the high electron density of a carbon-carbon double bond?
Electrophiles
What type of bond is formed between the carbon atoms in a carbon-carbon double bond?
A single σ-bond and a single π-bond
What is the key feature of an electrophilic addition reaction involving alkenes?
The double bond is broken and replaced with single bonds to other atoms
What is the purpose of using a nickel catalyst in the hydrogenation of alkenes to produce alkanes?
To increase the rate of the reaction and make it more efficient
Which of the following statements about the test for unsaturation using bromine water is correct?
The bromine water is an electrophilic reagent that adds to the $\pi$ bond of the alkene
What is the key difference between the products formed in the reactions of alkenes with halogens versus hydrogen halides?
Reaction with halogens produces di-substituted haloalkanes, while reaction with hydrogen halides produces mono-substituted haloalkanes
What is the primary purpose of using catalytic hydrogenation in the manufacture of margarine from unsaturated vegetable oils?
To convert the unsaturated fatty acids into saturated fatty acids for a longer shelf life
What is the key structural difference between alcohols and haloalkanes?
Alcohols contain a hydroxyl (-OH) group, while haloalkanes contain a halogen (e.g., Cl, Br, I) functional group
Test your knowledge on acid-catalyzed reactions in organic chemistry, including the formation of diols from alkenes and the use of acidified potassium manganate(VII) for oxidation. Learn about electrophilic addition and electrophiles in organic reactions.
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