Orbán's Hungary: EU/NATO Relations Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What has allowed Orban's regime to maintain control over the media in Hungary?

  • Predominant state control and funding (correct)
  • Strong opposition from civil society
  • Support from the United States
  • International sanctions

    • Hungary is considered a fully free state by organizations such as Freedom House.

    False

    What is the main criticism of Viktor Orbán's leadership in Hungary?

  • Promoting liberal democracy
  • Increasing transparency in governance
  • Undermining EU and NATO core values (correct)
  • Strengthening democratic institutions

    • In which European city did the opposition win elections in 2019?

    <p>Budapest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hungary is currently an example of a functioning democracy in the EU.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hungary heavily relies on trade with the EU and NATO member states, primarily with __________.

    <p>Germany</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following descriptors with their corresponding entities:

    <p>Hungary = Ranked sixty-sixth in freedom EU = Concerned about Hungary's regression Orban's regime = Dominant control over media Carnegie = Does not take institutional positions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who awarded Viktor Orbán a scholarship to study at Oxford?

    <p>George Soros</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Orbán has converted from a freedom fighter to a warrior against __________ democracy.

    <p>liberal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the leaders with their associated actions regarding Hungary:

    <p>Viktor Orbán = Undermined democracy Angela Merkel = Chose not to intervene Olaf Scholz = Stated EU values must be upheld George Soros = Provided scholarship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which countries does Orbán seek support from at the EU high table?

    <p>Beijing and Moscow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    EU leaders have consistently intervened to prevent Orbán from dismantling democratic values.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Hungarian system primarily rely on for financing?

    <p>Cash flow from Brussels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who has been the Prime Minister of Hungary since 2010?

    <p>Viktor Orbán</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Viktor Orbán prioritizes Hungarian interests over his personal interests.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What approach has Hungary's government taken towards NATO expansions, particularly concerning Finland and Sweden?

    <p>Delaying their accession</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Orbán's foreign policy is described as __________ and focuses on global relations with influential countries.

    <p>transactional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following countries with their relationship to Hungary under Orbán's leadership:

    <p>Russia = Courtship for energy dependency Turkey = Supportive relationship Sweden = Delayed NATO accession China = Strategic partnership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action has the EU taken in response to Hungary's foreign policy?

    <p>Frozen Hungary's EU funds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hungary has consistently followed every NATO criterion since 2010.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which two countries are mentioned as subverting the independence of judicial institutions within the EU?

    <p>Hungary and Poland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hungary's energy dependency on __________ is critical for its strategic decisions.

    <p>Russia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following aspects of Hungary's foreign policy with their implications:

    <p>Using veto power = Leverage for personal gain Hacking incidents = Information exposure Support for Russia = Energy and political ties Non-compliance with EU sanctions = Sees NATO as a tool</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main reasons Viktor Orbán has turned towards Eastern relations?

    <p>Western dominance is declining</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hungary is considered a reliable partner for NATO and the EU due to its strategic decisions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been a significant source of leverage for Viktor Orbán within the EU?

    <p>Veto power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Viktor Orbán's leadership has changed Hungary's __________ institutions.

    <p>democratic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following events or characteristics with their descriptions:

    <p>NATO accession delays = Pressure on Sweden EU funds freeze = Response to political actions Russian energy dependency = Critical for strategic stability Undermining democracy = Change in institutional checks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes Hungary's current position within Western alliances?

    <p>Hungary is seen as unreliable, often obstructing agreements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Viktor Orbán praised 'illiberal democracy' in his speech in 2014.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has Hungary blocked in response to the war in Ukraine?

    <p>The transit of Western weapons for Ukraine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Orbán's government uses its membership in NATO and the EU to enhance its __________.

    <p>sovereignty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following aspects with Hungary's behavior in international relations:

    <p>Blocking NATO actions = Exercising leverage against EU partners Praising illiberal regimes = Flirting with authoritarian countries Supporting sanctions on Russia = Following mainstream Western decisions Delay in granting NATO membership = Creating distrust among allies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which country views NATO as a threat and hesitates to support Ukraine?

    <p>Hungary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Orbán has effectively communicated Hungary's political concerns to NATO partners.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Orbán often describe Hungary as in relation to NATO and EU?

    <p>Sand in the machine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hungary's cooperation rate with EU decisions is approximately __________ percent.

    <p>90</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following countries with their response to the Ukraine war:

    <p>Hungary = Blocking Western weapons transit Slovakia = Standing against Russia Finland = NATO membership application Sweden = Awaiting approval from Hungary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action has Hungary taken regarding Sweden's NATO membership application?

    <p>Shown support for Türkiye's position against it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hungary has faced expulsion from the EU and NATO due to its actions.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is Hungary perceived as unfaithful within the EU?

    <p>Due to its use of vetoes and lack of understanding of EU values.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hungary's main leverage in the EU is its __________.

    <p>membership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following leaders with their respective countries:

    <p>Viktor Orbán = Hungary Tayyip Erdoğan = Turkey Bolsonaro = Brazil Putin = Russia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What has been a significant impact of Hungary's actions on the Visegrad 4 (V4) cooperation?

    <p>Deteriorated relations and cooperation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Orbán's Hungary and EU/NATO Relations

    • Hungary, under Viktor Orbán, benefits from EU/NATO membership while undermining core values.
    • Hungary increasingly resembles an autocracy.
    • Orbán prioritizes personal gain and is a "loose cannon" within the EU and NATO.
    • Previous EU leaders (like Merkel) have been negligent in addressing Hungary's democratic decline.
    • Hungary's stability and security depend on EU/NATO membership, but it uses its position for personal gain.

    Hungary's Strategic Position

    • Hungary's position is one of unreliability as a Western state.
    • Orbán embraces a "illiberal democracy" model, citing China and Russia as examples.
    • Active steps against Western interests followed after Russia's invasion of Ukraine.
    • Obstruction of Western weapon transit for Ukraine, exceptions to sanctions, delayed EU aid, and pro-Putin stances mark Hungary's position.
    • Visegrád 4 cooperation has plummeted due to Hungary's actions.
    • Hungary's actions are deeply divisive and harmful to the EU and NATO.
    • While Hungary's actions are disruptive, it's not entirely unreliable; it is a small country at a crucial border that benefits significantly from membership.
    • Hungary uses its veto power for personal gain, to annoy large powers. Despite cooperating "normally" 90% of the time, this posturing remains a significant concern.

    Strategic Actions & Responses

    • Orbán used Finnish/Swedish NATO membership as leverage.
    • Hungary's recent actions prioritize relationships with non-Western states over Western alliances.
    • Hungary's prioritization of ties with Türkiye, the Kremlin, and EU funding are tactics to create leverage.
    • Hungary's exploitation of EU membership and funds to further its own interests.
    • Orbán's motivations include a desire to position himself as a powerful figure, tap into cronyism, and leverage energy dependency on Russia.
    • EU and NATO partners must respond with firmness that circumventing Hungarian obstruction becomes standard procedure.
    • The EU has finally frozen Hungary's EU funds and Sweden will rotate into EU Council of Ministers presidency to unblock this funding.

    Orbán's Domestic and Foreign Policies

    • Orbán consolidating power domestically.
    • Hungary is ranked "partly free" by Freedom House.
    • Hungary's economy is tied to the EU, especially Germany, providing a degree of dependence and leverage for Orbán.
    • Orbán's foreign policy prioritizes exploiting Western alliances and Eastern relationships for personal gain and power.
    • Orbán's long-term goal is to maintain power.

    Conclusion

    • Hungary's reliability as a partner is questionable.
    • Orbán's behavior is predictable, and EU/NATO partners need to anticipate it and act accordingly to avoid being held hostage.

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    Description

    Test your understanding of Hungary's complex relations with the EU and NATO under Viktor Orbán's leadership. This quiz covers Hungary's shift towards autocracy, its strategic position in Western alliances, and the implications of its actions on international cooperation. Challenge yourself on the key themes and events shaping Hungary's political landscape.

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