Oral Surgery: CNS Diseases and Epilepsy
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the brain?

  • Regulation of body temperature
  • Storage of nutrients
  • Control of body functions and physical processes (correct)
  • Production of hormones

What is epilepsy characterized by?

  • Autoimmune disorder
  • Chronic recurrent, paroxysmal changes in neurologic function (correct)
  • Chronic inflammation of the brain
  • Permanent damage to brain tissue

What may cause seizures other than epilepsy?

  • Stress, sleep deprivation, fever, alcohol or drug withdrawal, and syncope (correct)
  • Nutritional deficiencies
  • Viral infections only
  • Hormonal imbalances

What is the most common cause of epilepsy?

<p>Idiopathic factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible consequence of cerebral damage?

<p>Loss of consciousness and/or death (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a developmental abnormality that may cause epilepsy?

<p>Cavernous malformation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary aim of diagnostic procedures like CT, MRI, and lumbar puncture in patients with seizures?

<p>To identify the underlying cause of seizures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following anticonvulsant medications is known to decrease platelet aggregation?

<p>Valproic acid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of phenytoin and carbamazepine?

<p>Leucopenia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential interaction to be aware of when administering erythromycin to a patient taking carbamazepine?

<p>Toxic levels of carbamazepine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential adverse effect of long-term use of phenytoin, carbamazepine, and valproic acid?

<p>Bone marrow suppression (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is gingival hyperplasia a concern in patients taking phenytoin?

<p>It increases the risk of oral infections (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of preventing hypertension, diabetes, atherosclerosis, and cigarette smoking?

<p>To reduce the risk of stroke (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of administering anticoagulant medications such as heparin, coumarin, aspirin, and dipyridamole combined with aspirin (Aggrenox)?

<p>To prevent further thrombosis or hemorrhage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Doppler blood flow, EEG, cerebral angiography, CT, and MRI?

<p>To diagnose the extent and location of arterial injury (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of thrombolysis in stroke treatment?

<p>To lyse the clot in cases of thrombosis or embolism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of blood sugar level and lipid level tests?

<p>To identify risk factors in individuals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the immediate task in stroke management?

<p>To sustain life during the period immediately after the stroke (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of administering corticosteroids acutely after a stroke?

<p>To lessen cerebral edema that accompanies cerebral infarction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of therapy is initiated to reduce the risk of another stroke after the patient survives?

<p>Preventive therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the increased risk of stroke associated with each of the conditions marked with an asterisk (*)?

<p>A factor of 1.5 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of identifying risk factors for stroke in dental management?

<p>To encourage control of risk factors (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of medication is prescribed to manage seizures that may accompany the postoperative course of stroke?

<p>Anticonvulsants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the medication class that reduces the risk of thrombosis?

<p>Anticoagulants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be obtained from a patient who has had a stroke?

<p>A thorough medical history (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of dental care should be provided to a patient who has had a stroke, TIA, or RIND within the first 6 months?

<p>Urgent care (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be minimized in patients taking anticoagulant drugs?

<p>Perioperative bleeding (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What should be used to minimize hemorrhage during dental surgery?

<p>Atraumatic surgery, pressure, and gelfoam (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

When should heparin be discontinued before surgery?

<p>6 to 12 hours before surgery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why should epinephrine be avoided in gingival retraction cord?

<p>It may increase bleeding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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