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Questions and Answers
What does the stomatognathic system primarily encompass?
What does the stomatognathic system primarily encompass?
- Organs related to the respiratory system
- Components involved in the process of chewing, swallowing, and speech (correct)
- Structures essential for vision and hearing
- The study of dental aesthetics and orthodontics
Which of the following is NOT a function of the stomatognathic system?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the stomatognathic system?
- Mastication
- Speech
- Respiration
- Perception of sound (correct)
What is the primary purpose of mastication?
What is the primary purpose of mastication?
- To produce vocal sounds
- To ensure the airway remains open
- To physically prepare food for digestion (correct)
- To enhance cognitive function
Which term refers to the physiological process of swallowing?
Which term refers to the physiological process of swallowing?
How does mastication contribute to appetite?
How does mastication contribute to appetite?
What is necessary for normal mastication to occur?
What is necessary for normal mastication to occur?
Which statement accurately describes speech?
Which statement accurately describes speech?
What is the earliest means of food transport in infants?
What is the earliest means of food transport in infants?
What role do the tonsils play in the body?
What role do the tonsils play in the body?
Which gland is associated with Stensen’s duct?
Which gland is associated with Stensen’s duct?
Which nerve is primarily responsible for the motor control of the muscles involved in chewing?
Which nerve is primarily responsible for the motor control of the muscles involved in chewing?
What is one of the main functions of lymph nodes in the oral cavity?
What is one of the main functions of lymph nodes in the oral cavity?
What is one critical component of the neural system in the oral cavity?
What is one critical component of the neural system in the oral cavity?
What is the primary purpose of respiration in maintaining homeostasis?
What is the primary purpose of respiration in maintaining homeostasis?
Which muscle primarily elevates the mandible during chewing?
Which muscle primarily elevates the mandible during chewing?
Which of the following statements about the jaws is correct?
Which of the following statements about the jaws is correct?
What role do the muscles of mastication play during the eating process?
What role do the muscles of mastication play during the eating process?
What is the main function of respiration in terms of energy production?
What is the main function of respiration in terms of energy production?
Which component is NOT a structural part of the stomatognathic system?
Which component is NOT a structural part of the stomatognathic system?
What is the function of the External/Lateral Pterygoid muscle during mastication?
What is the function of the External/Lateral Pterygoid muscle during mastication?
How does respiration facilitate gas exchange?
How does respiration facilitate gas exchange?
What is the primary function of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)?
What is the primary function of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ)?
Which component of the TMJ is crucial for separating its upper and lower compartments?
Which component of the TMJ is crucial for separating its upper and lower compartments?
Which type of tooth is primarily responsible for cutting and biting food?
Which type of tooth is primarily responsible for cutting and biting food?
What role does the tongue play in the digestive process?
What role does the tongue play in the digestive process?
Which supporting structure serves as a connection between the teeth and the alveolar bone?
Which supporting structure serves as a connection between the teeth and the alveolar bone?
What type of teeth are characterized by broad surfaces with cusps for chewing and grinding?
What type of teeth are characterized by broad surfaces with cusps for chewing and grinding?
Which of the following correctly describes the function of the lateral pterygoid in the context of TMJ?
Which of the following correctly describes the function of the lateral pterygoid in the context of TMJ?
Which of the following structures is considered an outer limiting structure of the oral cavity?
Which of the following structures is considered an outer limiting structure of the oral cavity?
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Study Notes
Oral Physiology Overview
- Focus on the functions and activities of oral cavity structures.
- Integral part of dentistry investigating oral and dental health.
Stomatognathic System
- Encompasses teeth, jaws, temporomandibular joint (TMJ), muscles of mastication, and salivary glands.
- Functions include mastication (chewing), deglutition (swallowing), respiration, and speech.
Functions of the Stomatognathic System
- Mastication: Physiological activity involving chewing; transforms food and stimulates salivary flow.
- Deglutition: Swallowing process involving coordinated reactions to move food from mouth to esophagus.
- Speech: Expression of thoughts via vocalization, requiring coordination of vocal folds and oral muscles.
- Respiration: Continuous process of gas exchange, crucial for maintaining homeostasis and energy production through ATP.
Key Components of the Stomatognathic System
- Basal Bones: Maxillary, palatine (upper), and mandibular bones (lower).
- Jaws: Mandible (movable lower jaw) and maxilla (upper jaw); essential for mastication.
- Muscles of Mastication:
- Temporalis: Elevates and positions mandible.
- Masseter: Elevates mandible.
- Pterygoids: Lateral movement and depression of the mandible, aiding in chewing.
- Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ): Connects mandible to the skull, allowing jaw movement; functions include gliding and rotary movements.
Dentition
- Teeth Types:
- Incisors: For cutting.
- Canines: For tearing.
- Premolars: For chewing and grinding.
- Molars: For crushing food.
Supporting Structures of Dentition
- Includes the periodontium made of gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone.
Limiting Structures
- Outer Limiting: Cheeks and lips.
- Inner Limiting: Tongue which aids in taste, swallowing, and speech.
Tongue
- Muscular organ covered with taste buds, crucial for taste perception and assisting in food manipulation during chewing.
Tonsils
- Part of the lymphatic system; help filter bacteria and viruses, enhancing the immune response.
Salivary Glands
- Major glands include the parotid (Stensen’s duct), submandibular (Wharton’s duct), and sublingual (Bartholin’s duct).
- Saliva moistens the oral cavity and aids in digestion.
Neural System
- Supplied by the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V) for sensory and motor functions, controlling the oral cavity's movements.
- Additional contribution from facial (cranial nerve VII) and glossopharyngeal (cranial nerve IX) nerves.
Blood and Lymph Nodes
- Blood vessels supply nutrients and oxygen; lymph nodes assist in filtering toxins and maintaining oral health.
- Essential for overall oral health and immune function.
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