Oral Pathology Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary cause of morsicatio mucosae oris?

  • Viral infections
  • Genetic factors
  • Allergic reactions
  • Biting or nibbling habits (correct)

    • What is a characteristic feature of the lesions observed in morsicatio?

  • White to red-white plaque with a rough appearance (correct)
  • Hemorrhagic ulcerations
  • Red and well-defined borders
  • Smooth and shiny surface

    • What treatment option is suggested if morsicatio does not resolve spontaneously?

  • Application of a steroid ointment
  • Surgical excision
  • Application of a keratolytic agent (correct)
  • Antibiotic therapy

    • Which of the following is a key diagnostic criterion for white sponge nevus?

    <p>Positive family history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What appearance characterizes white sponge nevus lesions?

    <p>Thickened, folded, or corrugated lesions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes median rhomboid glossitis from other oral lesions?

    <p>A flat, red area devoid of papillae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method used to identify candidal hyphae in laboratory investigations?

    <p>Gram-stain and PAS stain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is white sponge nevus typically treated if it causes discomfort?

    <p>Surgical excision and grafting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT contribute to neonatal thrush?

    <p>Use of broad-spectrum antibiotics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical site is most commonly affected by morsicatio linguarum?

    <p>The lateral borders of the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended duration for continuing Nystatin treatment after the clinical infection has disappeared?

    <p>7 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What serious side effect can result from prolonged use of Amphotericin B?

    <p>Nausea and vomiting</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which condition is Miconazole contraindicated?

    <p>Liver diseases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is an antifungal treatment that can also cause thrombophlebitis as a side effect?

    <p>Amphotericin B</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What form of Nystatin is recommended for application to affected areas?

    <p>Topical cream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should Antifungal therapy be initiated for oro-pharyngeal candidiasis?

    <p>Upon diagnosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main causative microorganism associated with denture stomatitis?

    <p>C. albicans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of denture stomatitis is characterized by a granular mucosa?

    <p>Type III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended treatment for denture stomatitis involving topical antifungal medication?

    <p>Applying miconazole gel three times daily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a patient shows no response to initial treatment for denture stomatitis?

    <p>Inspect and treat underlying conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How long should a patient refrain from wearing their denture during the initial treatment phase?

    <p>1-2 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of chronic candidiasis is characterized by a white patch that cannot be removed by scraping?

    <p>Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which bacteria are commonly involved in the microflora associated with denture stomatitis?

    <p>Various genera including Streptococcus, Lactobacillus, and Actinomyces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is chronic hyperplastic candidiasis most commonly found?

    <p>Buccal mucosa and commissural mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment approach for leukodema?

    <p>Reassurance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which clinical test can help confirm the diagnosis of leukodema?

    <p>Stretching test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing feature of Fordyce’s granules?

    <p>They represent ectopic sebaceous glands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the appearance of linea alba?

    <p>Pressure or frictional irritation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which demographic are Fordyce's granules most commonly found?

    <p>Elder patients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could be a differential diagnosis for leukodema?

    <p>Lichen planus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the typical appearance of linea alba?

    <p>Horizontal white line on the buccal mucosa</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common feature of leukodema regarding its appearance?

    <p>It presents bilaterally on the mucosa.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic appearance of MRG on the tongue?

    <p>Depapillated red area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment when candidal hyphae are detected in an MRG lesion?

    <p>Topical antifungal medication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common cause of traumatic keratosis?

    <p>Frequent smoking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What indicates the presence of nicotinic stomatitis in a patient?

    <p>Grayish-white thickened palate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended action for a patient diagnosed with nicotinic stomatitis?

    <p>Stop smoking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential appearance of papillary hyperplasia of the palate?

    <p>White umbilicated nodules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which diagnostic method is MOST important for confirming the presence of candidal infection in a lesion?

    <p>Swab and culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition is associated with the appearance of white umbilicated nodules on the palate?

    <p>Nicotinic stomatitis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for mucocutaneous candidiasis (MCC)?

    <p>Systemic antifungals given for several months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of candidiasis is characterized by lesions appearing as thick white plaques that cannot be scraped off?

    <p>Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a biopsy in diagnosing oral lesions?

    <p>To confirm the diagnosis and differentiate from similar conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is noted for treating syphilis?

    <p>Penicillin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes tertiary syphilis as a premalignant condition?

    <p>Development of syphilitic leukoplakia on the tongue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Oral Mucosa Lesions

    • Macule: A change in skin/mucosa color, non-elevated, non-palpable, typically less than 1 cm in diameter. Examples include melanotic macules.
    • Patch: A large macule, equal to or larger than 1 cm in diameter, may have surface changes like scales or wrinkles, yet still not palpable.
    • Papule: A circumscribed, solid elevation, varying in size from pinhead to less than 1 cm.
    • Plaque: A broad papule or confluent papules, equal to or larger than 1 cm, wider than deep.
    • Nodule: A palpable, spherical or dome-shaped lesion less than 1 cm in diameter, either endophytic (deeper in tissue) or exophytic (projecting above). Examples include fibromas.
    • Tumor: Similar to a nodule but larger than 1 cm.
    • Blister (Vesicle): A small, circumscribed, fluid-filled, epidermal or mucosal elevation generally less than 1 cm in diameter, containing serous fluid.
    • Bulla: A large blister, rounded or irregularly shaped containing clear serous or purulent fluid, larger than 1 cm.
    • Pustule: A small elevation with cloudy/purulent material (pus), typically yellowish, white, or red.
    • Telangiectasia: Enlarged superficial blood vessels, visible as "spider veins".
    • Purpura: Reddish-to-purple discolorations caused by blood leaking into tissue; do not blanch with pressure. Types include petechiae (<0.3 cm), purpura (0.4-0.9 cm), and ecchymosis (>1 cm).
    • Scale: Dry or greasy laminated keratin masses, representing thickened stratum corneum.
    • Crust: Dried sebum, pus, or blood mixed with epithelial and/or bacterial debris.

    Oral Mucosa Lesions: White appearance

    • Increased epithelial thickness: Increased thickness of epithelium covering mucosal areas.
    • Abnormal keratinization: Abnormal keratinization of non-keratinized epithelial surfaces (metaplasia).
    • Hyperkeratosis: Increased keratin production.
    • Fluid imbibition: Fluid (water/saliva) absorption by the upper mucosa layer.
    • Tissue necrosis: Tissue death.

    Oral Mucosa Lesions: Red appearance

    • Epithelial thinning: Epithelial thinning due to erosion or atrophy.
    • Reduced keratinization: Reduced epithelial keratinization.
    • Abnormal cell turnover: Abnormal cell turnover during healing.
    • Blood leakage: Blood leakage into surrounding tissue due to trauma.
    • Vasodilation: Vasodilation (increased blood vessel size).
    • Tumor (neoplasm): Blood vessel proliferation related to a tumor.
    • Dysplasia (pre-malignant/malignant): A pre-cancerous or cancerous condition.

    Oral Mucosa Lesions: Classification

    • Normal variation: Includes leukoplakia, linea alba, Fordyce's granules, morsicatio.
    • Developmental: Includes white spongy nevus, median rhomboid glossitis.
    • Traumatic: Includes traumatic keratosis, nicotinic stomatitis, papillary hyperplasia of the palate.
    • Infective: Includes candidiasis, syphilis, measles, or rubella.
    • Blood dyscrasia: Includes anemia and Plummer-Vinson syndrome.
    • Vitamin A deficiency
    • Drugs: Chemical burns, drug reactions (lichenoid, stomatitis venenata, medicamentosa).
    • Dermatological: Lichen planus, lupus erythematosus, psoriasis.
    • Premalignant: Leukoplakia, erythroplakia, submucous fibrosis.
    • Malignant: Squamous cell carcinoma.
    • Miscellaneous: Oral skin graft, coated tongue, geographic tongue.

    Other Conditions (e.g., Leukodema, Fordyce Granules, Linea Alba, Morsicatio)

    • Leukodema: Greyish-white milky film on buccal mucosa and soft palate, especially in dark-skinned people and heavy smokers.
    • Fordyce's granules: Ectopic sebaceous glands on buccal mucosa and lips, appearing as yellowish-creamy spots.
    • Linea alba: Horizontal white line on buccal mucosa, caused by pressure or frictional irritation.
    • Morsicatio: Biting/nibbling of the oral mucosa, leading to a white plaque/patch.

    Candidiasis (Oral Fungal Infections)

    • Candidiasis: Most common oral fungal infections in humans, can be caused by Candida albicans.
    • Associated factors: Acidic saliva, xerostomia, denture use, smoking, malnutrition, antibiotic/steroid use, or compromised immune systems.

    Pseudomembranous Candidiasis (Thrush)

    • Clinical presentation: Creamy white patches that can be scraped off, leaving raw mucosa. Commonly found on palate, buccal mucosa, and tongue. Burning sensation, abnormal taste observed.
    • Diagnosis: Symptoms, clinical findings, and laboratory investigations (e.g., swab culture on Sabouraud dextrose agar, PAS stain, and Gram stain).

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    White & Red Oral Lesions PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on oral pathology with our quiz that covers various conditions such as morsicatio mucosae oris, white sponge nevus, and candidal infections. You will explore diagnostic criteria, treatment options, and characteristic features of these oral lesions. Perfect for dental students and professionals looking to refresh their understanding of oral health issues.

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