Oral Communication - Lesson 1

Definition of Oral Communication

• Oral communication involves sound representations through speaking and listening, occurring almost simultaneously.
• The listener evaluates the speaker’s voice quality, pitch, intonation, stress, and word junctures.
• Roles between speaker and listener may interchange, facilitating the exchange of ideas, feelings, and attitudes in an orderly manner.

The Process of Oral Communication

• Initiated by a stimulus that triggers a response in the speaker’s nervous system or emotions.
• The process consists of six stages, each vital to successful communication.

Six Stages of Oral Communication

• Presence of a Stimulus: A situation or idea activates the senses of the speaker.
• Brain Identification: The brain recognizes and evaluates the idea based on experiences, which may trigger reactions.
• Encoding: Ideas are translated into language symbols understood by the speaker and listener.
• Externalization: The speaker prepares to express thoughts to the listener using various communicative channels.
• Transmission: Speech sounds are organized logically for effective delivery.
• Reception: The listener perceives the message through visualization and auditory activation.

Five Elements of Communication

• Messages are crucial as they convey ideas, emotions, and insights, using verbal and non-verbal forms.

Aristotle’s Model of Communication

• Simple model with three components: sender, message, receiver, portraying one-way communication.
• Key for developing public speaking skills and effective persuasion during presentations.

Example of Aristotle’s Model

• Scenario includes the President ordering the Coast Guard regarding poachers, clarifying roles and intended effects.

Wendel Johnson Model of Communication

• Model outlines stages from event stimulation to verbal formulation, focusing on a physiological perspective rather than social or attitudinal aspects.

Berlo’s Model of Communication

• Defined by the acronym S-M-C-R (Source-Message-Channel-Receiver).
• Each component has influential factors like communication skills, attitudes, knowledge, and the use of non-verbal cues.

Types of Non-Verbal Communication

• Non-verbal methods enhance verbal messages and can convey meaning through various forms including body movements, paralanguage, and body types.

Body Movements (Body Kinetics)

• Emblems: Gestures with specific verbal translations (e.g., thumbs up).
• Illustrators: Gestures that complement verbal speech.
• Regulators: Movements controlling the interaction, such as nodding.
• Display of Feelings: Facial expressions and body language show emotional intensity.
• Adaptors: Subconscious gestures revealing true feelings, such as tapping fingers.

Paralanguage

• Includes aspects of vocal delivery: rate, pitch, volume, and quality, influencing meaning and emotional tone.

Body Types and Communication

• Ectomorphs: Perceived as ambitious and nervous.
• Endomorphs: Seen as good-natured and trusting.
• Mesomorphs: Viewed as strong and adventurous.

Attractiveness and Communication

• Attractive individuals often receive more positive responses, associated with qualities like kindness and sociability.

Body Adornment

• Clothing, makeup, and accessories are influential in first impressions; different aspects attract notice from men and women.

Space and Distance (Proxemics)

• Defined by personal space limits:
  • Intimate Distance: Up to 18 inches for close relations.
  • Personal Distance: 18 inches to 4 feet for casual conversations.
  • Social Distance: 4 to 12 feet for formal interactions.
  • Public Distance: Over 12 feet, often requiring louder speech and exaggerated gestures for audibility.

This quiz focuses on the fundamentals of oral communication as outlined in Lesson 1 by Ms. Mary Grace C. Duero. It covers key concepts such as the definition of oral communication, the process involved, and the interaction between speaking and listening. Test your understanding of these foundational elements!