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According to Cohen (2004), what is a communicative strategy?
According to Cohen (2004), what is a communicative strategy?
- A systematic attempt by the learner to express meaning by a target language in which suitable systematic rules have not been formed. (correct)
- Strategies that a speaker uses to solve communication problems caused by lack of appropriate forms in the mental-lexical.
- Techniques of dealing with difficulties in communicating in an imperfectly known second or foreign language.
- A systematic technique employed by a speaker to express his own idea when forced with some difficulties.
What is the definition of communicative strategy according to Poulisse (1989)?
What is the definition of communicative strategy according to Poulisse (1989)?
- Strategies that a speaker uses to solve communication problems caused by lack of appropriate forms in the mental-lexical. (correct)
- A systematic technique employed by a speaker to express his own idea when forced with some difficulties.
- Techniques of dealing with difficulties in communicating in an imperfectly known second or foreign language.
- A systematic attempt by the learner to express meaning by a target language in which suitable systematic rules have not been formed.
What did Stem (1983) define communicative strategy as?
What did Stem (1983) define communicative strategy as?
- Techniques of dealing with difficulties in communicating in an imperfectly known second or foreign language. (correct)
- Strategies that a speaker uses to solve communication problems caused by lack of appropriate forms in the mental-lexical.
- A systematic technique employed by a speaker to express his own idea when forced with some difficulties.
- A speaker compensating either by going to the conceptual stage or by trying out alternative linguistic formulations.
As per Corder (1978), what is a communicative strategy?
As per Corder (1978), what is a communicative strategy?
What is nomination as a type of communicative strategy?
What is nomination as a type of communicative strategy?
What problem does a communicative strategy aim to solve?
What problem does a communicative strategy aim to solve?
What is the primary idea behind Turn-Taking in communication?
What is the primary idea behind Turn-Taking in communication?
What does Topic Control cover in a conversation?
What does Topic Control cover in a conversation?
What does Restriction in communication refer to?
What does Restriction in communication refer to?
What is the purpose of keeping the conversational environment open for opinions until the prior topic shuts down easily?
What is the purpose of keeping the conversational environment open for opinions until the prior topic shuts down easily?
What is the key idea behind Topic Shifting in communication?
What is the key idea behind Topic Shifting in communication?
How does Turn-Taking acknowledge the necessity of observing the fine art of conversation?
How does Turn-Taking acknowledge the necessity of observing the fine art of conversation?
What is the code of behavior behind establishing and sustaining a productive conversation?
What is the code of behavior behind establishing and sustaining a productive conversation?
What is achieved cooperatively when a topic is initiated?
What is achieved cooperatively when a topic is initiated?
What does Turn-Taking pertain to in communication?
What does Turn-Taking pertain to in communication?
How does Restriction in communication confine a speaker?
How does Restriction in communication confine a speaker?
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Study Notes
Communicative Strategies
- A communicative strategy is a plan or approach to overcome communication difficulties (Cohen, 2004)
- According to Poulisse (1989), a communicative strategy is a potentially conscious or unconscious process to compensate for a lack of linguistic or sociolinguistic knowledge
- Stem (1983) defined a communicative strategy as a speaker's attempt to convey meaning despite linguistic limitations
Nomination
- Nomination is a type of communicative strategy where a speaker assigns a title or label to an object or concept to facilitate communication
Problem-Solving
- A communicative strategy aims to solve the problem of conveying meaning effectively despite linguistic or sociolinguistic limitations
Turn-Taking and Conversation
- The primary idea behind Turn-Taking in communication is to acknowledge the necessity of observing the fine art of conversation
- Turn-Taking pertains to the process of exchanging speaking roles in a conversation
- Topic Control covers the management of topics in a conversation
- Restriction in communication refers to the limitations or boundaries imposed on a speaker
- Restriction in communication confines a speaker by limiting their freedom to express themselves
Conversational Environment
- The purpose of keeping the conversational environment open for opinions until the prior topic shuts down easily is to achieve a cooperative and productive conversation
- Topic Shifting in communication involves moving from one topic to another
- The code of behavior behind establishing and sustaining a productive conversation involves respecting the turn-taking process and avoiding restrictions
Cooperative Communication
- When a topic is initiated, it is achieved cooperatively through effective communication and turn-taking
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