Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which type of cancer is the most common in the oral cavity?
Which type of cancer is the most common in the oral cavity?
What is the peak incidence age range for oral cancer?
What is the peak incidence age range for oral cancer?
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for oral cancer?
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for oral cancer?
What is an effective method for preventing oral cancer?
What is an effective method for preventing oral cancer?
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What diagnostic method is primarily used to assess tumor extent in oral cancer?
What diagnostic method is primarily used to assess tumor extent in oral cancer?
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How often should individuals aged 20 to 40 have oral cancer screenings?
How often should individuals aged 20 to 40 have oral cancer screenings?
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What is the primary reason for a patient with oral cancer to have regular dental check-ups?
What is the primary reason for a patient with oral cancer to have regular dental check-ups?
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Which treatment is typically recommended for localized oral tumors?
Which treatment is typically recommended for localized oral tumors?
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What symptom is associated with oral cancer?
What symptom is associated with oral cancer?
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What should a dentist do if a 60-year-old patient with a history of smoking presents with a non-painful 5 cm neck swelling?
What should a dentist do if a 60-year-old patient with a history of smoking presents with a non-painful 5 cm neck swelling?
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What type of sunscreen is recommended for oral cancer prevention?
What type of sunscreen is recommended for oral cancer prevention?
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Which of the following is a common complication of treatment for oral cancer?
Which of the following is a common complication of treatment for oral cancer?
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HPV-positive tumors in oral cancer typically have what prognosis?
HPV-positive tumors in oral cancer typically have what prognosis?
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Study Notes
Oral Cancer Definition
- Oral cancer refers to malignant tumors of the oral mucosa, tonsils, and salivary glands.
Oral Cancer Epidemiology
- Peak incidence occurs between 55-60 years of age.
- Men are more likely to be affected than women with a ratio of 2:1.
- Oral cancer is the most common form of head and neck cancer.
Oral Cancer Etiology
- Oral Mucosal Cancer: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common.
- Salivary Gland Cancer: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is usually found.
- Tonsillar Cancer: Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common type, accounting for over 70%, with lymphoma also occurring.
Oral Cancer Risk Factors
- Tobacco consumption
- Alcohol consumption
- Chronic mechanical irritation (e.g., poorly fitted dentures)
- Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection
- Precancerous lesions (leukoplakia, erythroplakia, erythroleukoplakia)
Oral Cancer Clinical Manifestations
- Halitosis (bad breath)
- Pain
- Dysphagia (difficulty swallowing)
- Non-healing ulcers
- Unusual bleeding in the mouth
- Facial swelling
- Lymphadenopathy (swollen lymph nodes)
Oral Cancer Diagnostics
- Biopsy and histopathology of the lesion
- Panendoscopy: assessment of tumor extent
- HPV testing
- Chest X-ray, Axial CT: assess tumor spread
- PET-CT
- Tumor markers
Oral Cancer Management
- Localized Tumor: Surgical resection
- Tumors with Local Spread: Surgery (often with neck dissection) + radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy
- Inoperable Tumors: Radiation therapy with adjuvant chemotherapy
Oral Cancer Surgical Procedures
- Maxillectomy
- Mandibulectomy
- Glossectomy
- Laryngectomy
- Neck Dissection
Oral Cancer Complications of Treatment
- Altered oral flora
- Dysphagia
- Candida infection (thrush)
- Lymphedema
- Mucositis
- Radiation caries
- Stomatitis
- Trismus (restricted jaw movement)
- Xerostomia (dry mouth)
Oral Cancer Stages
- Stage T1: Tumor measures 2 centimeters or less.
- Stage T2: Tumor is 2 centimeters or more but no greater than 4 centimeters.
- Stage T3: Tumor is larger than 4 centimeters.
Oral Cancer Prognosis
- Early diagnosis and treatment typically lead to a good curative rate.
- HPV-positive tumors have a favorable prognosis as they respond well to chemo- and/or radiotherapy.
Oral Cancer Prevention
- Quit smoking, chewing tobacco, or using a water pipe.
- Stop drinking alcohol.
- Use UV-AB blocking sunscreen on the face.
- Get vaccinated for HPV.
- Eat a balanced diet.
- Get regular dental check-ups.
- People between 20 and 40 should receive an oral cancer screening every three years and an annual exam after age 40.
Oral Cancer Dental Care Considerations
- Regular recall visits (3-6 months) are essential to:
- Monitor for disease recurrence.
- Monitor for disease progression.
- Identify complications of treatment.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential aspects of oral cancer, including its definition, epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, and clinical manifestations. Test your knowledge on the most common forms of oral cancer and their incidence rates. Ideal for students and professionals interested in oncology and public health.
