Oral Cancer: Metastasis and Treatment Quiz

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What is the most common type of cancer in the oral cavity?

Fibrosarcoma

Lymphoma

Squamous cell carcinoma (correct)

Kaposi's sarcoma

Which type of neoplasm originates from squamous epithelium and accounts for about 90% of all head and neck cancers?

Osteosarcoma

Chondrosarcoma

Squamous cell carcinoma (correct)

Fibrosarcoma

Which type of neoplasm represents the second leading cause of death globally?

Kaposi's sarcoma

Melanoma

Lymphoma

Squamous cell carcinoma (correct)

What is the etiology of squamous cell carcinoma?

Multifactorial Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cancer is a malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal origin?

Lymphoma Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cancer accounts for more than 90% of all head and neck cancers?

Squamous cell carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

Which oral tumor is characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells in a background rich in inflammatory cells?

Hodgkin’s lymphoma Signup and view all the answers

Which variant of Burkitt lymphoma commonly occurs in malaria-endemic regions of the world?

Endemic Signup and view all the answers

What is the essential microscopic criterion for diagnosing malignant mesenchymal cells?

Production of osteoid tissue by malignant mesenchymal cells Signup and view all the answers

What tumor is characterized by numerous wide vascular channels?

Telangiectatic osteosarcoma Signup and view all the answers

What malignant tumor is associated with human herpes virus 8 (HHV8)?

Kaposi Sarcoma Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor may appear as nontender, diffuse swellings with boggy consistency in the oral cavity?

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common histological type of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma Signup and view all the answers

What are the clinical features of Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

Persistently enlarging non tender discrete mass or masses in one lymph node region Signup and view all the answers

What are the radiographic features of Burkitt lymphoma?

Ragged radiolucency Signup and view all the answers

Which tumor may cause expansion of bone and eventually perforation of the cortical plate and production of a soft tissue swelling if left untreated?

Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma Signup and view all the answers

What are the clinical features of Chondrosarcoma?

Rare in jaws and facial bones, causing nasal obstruction and tooth loosening Signup and view all the answers

What is the oral manifestation commonly seen in AIDS-related Kaposi Sarcoma?

Multiple red to violaceous macules or papules that may progress to plaques or nodules Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of death in oral cancer?

Progression of comorbidities Signup and view all the answers

Which gene mutations can render proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes oncogenic?

Proto-oncogene and tumor suppressor gene mutations Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common malignant neoplasm in the oral cavity?

Squamous cell carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic appearance of verrucous carcinoma?

Diffuse, white plaque with papillary surface projections Signup and view all the answers

Which lesion may harbor foci of invasive squamous cell carcinoma and requires adequate incisional biopsy and serial sections for diagnosis?

Verrucous carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes well-differentiated fibrosarcoma from poorly differentiated cases?

Variation in size and shape of cells Signup and view all the answers

What is a common clinical feature of osteosarcomas in the jaws?

Hard painful bony swelling Signup and view all the answers

What radiographic appearance is characteristic of osteosarcomas?

Formation of new bone perpendicular to the surface of bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic appearance of verrucous carcinoma histopathology?

Blunt-ended rete ridges and clefts filled with keratin Signup and view all the answers

What can increase the risk for developing osteosarcomas?

Paget's disease of bone Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of well-differentiated fibrosarcoma on histopathology?

Cells with little variation in size and shape Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates verrucous carcinoma from papillary squamous cell carcinoma?

Papillary surface and evident epithelial atypia Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main types of factors that work together to cause cancer?

Extrinsic and intrinsic factors Signup and view all the answers

How many genetic mutations does a cell need to accumulate to become 'initiated' as a cancer cell?

At least six genetic mutations Signup and view all the answers

In normal conditions, what do proto-oncogenes regulate?

Cell growth & cell proliferation Signup and view all the answers

What do tumor suppressor genes do in normal conditions?

Repair damaged DNA, initiate apoptosis, and restrict the proliferation of cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common site for oral mucosa cancer?

Gingiva Signup and view all the answers

What is a typical appearance of early lesions of oral mucosa cancer?

Speckled white patches Signup and view all the answers

What may be seen in a non-healing ulcer in oral mucosa cancer?

"Rolled" border Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is generally considered of little value in the diagnosis of early carcinoma?

"Pain" Signup and view all the answers

"Moth eaten radiolucency with ill-defined or ragged margin" is associated with:

"Destruction of underlying bone" Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary tumor size when it is 2-4 cms?

T2 Signup and view all the answers

What does tumor grading based on microscopic examination determine?

Degree of differentiation and keratin production Signup and view all the answers

What is the second most common primary malignant bone tumor in pediatric patients?

Ewing sarcoma Signup and view all the answers

Which chromosomal translocation is involved in Ewing sarcoma?

EWSR1 and FLI1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic histopathological feature of Ewing sarcoma?

Hypercellular sheets and nests of uniform small round cells Signup and view all the answers

What are the clinical features of mucosal melanoma?

Asymptomatic with dark brown to black macules, plaques or nodules Signup and view all the answers

What are the "ABCDE" clinical features used to identify mucosal melanoma?

Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variegation, Diameter > 6 mm, Evolving Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a melanocyte in the skin?

Protection of skin layers from sunlight damage Signup and view all the answers

What are the general characteristics of atypical spindle cells?

Increased mitotic activity and ill-defined cellular borders Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes mucosal melanoma from benign melanocytic lesions?

"ABCDE" clinical features: Asymmetry, Border irregularity, Color variegation, Diameter > 6 mm, Evolving Signup and view all the answers

What is responsible for the color of the skin, hair, and eyes?

$Melanin$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic histopathological architecture of verrucous carcinoma?

No significant cellular atypia and a well-defined basement membrane Signup and view all the answers

Which neoplasms may occur in soft tissue?

Fibrosarcoma and lymphoma Signup and view all the answers

In which type of sarcoma are oral manifestations commonly seen in AIDS-related cases?

Kaposi sarcoma Signup and view all the answers

Oral Cancer: Metastasis and Treatment Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the most common type of cancer in the oral cavity?

Which type of neoplasm originates from squamous epithelium and accounts for about 90% of all head and neck cancers?

Which type of neoplasm represents the second leading cause of death globally?

What is the etiology of squamous cell carcinoma?

Which type of cancer is a malignant neoplasm of mesenchymal origin?

Which type of cancer accounts for more than 90% of all head and neck cancers?

Which oral tumor is characterized by the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells in a background rich in inflammatory cells?

Which variant of Burkitt lymphoma commonly occurs in malaria-endemic regions of the world?

What is the essential microscopic criterion for diagnosing malignant mesenchymal cells?

What tumor is characterized by numerous wide vascular channels?

What malignant tumor is associated with human herpes virus 8 (HHV8)?

Which tumor may appear as nontender, diffuse swellings with boggy consistency in the oral cavity?

What is the most common histological type of Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

What are the clinical features of Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

What are the radiographic features of Burkitt lymphoma?

Which tumor may cause expansion of bone and eventually perforation of the cortical plate and production of a soft tissue swelling if left untreated?

What are the clinical features of Chondrosarcoma?

What is the oral manifestation commonly seen in AIDS-related Kaposi Sarcoma?

What is the most common cause of death in oral cancer?

Which gene mutations can render proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes oncogenic?

What is the most common malignant neoplasm in the oral cavity?

What is the characteristic appearance of verrucous carcinoma?

Which lesion may harbor foci of invasive squamous cell carcinoma and requires adequate incisional biopsy and serial sections for diagnosis?

What distinguishes well-differentiated fibrosarcoma from poorly differentiated cases?

What is a common clinical feature of osteosarcomas in the jaws?

What radiographic appearance is characteristic of osteosarcomas?

What is the characteristic appearance of verrucous carcinoma histopathology?

What can increase the risk for developing osteosarcomas?

What is the main characteristic of well-differentiated fibrosarcoma on histopathology?

What differentiates verrucous carcinoma from papillary squamous cell carcinoma?

What are the two main types of factors that work together to cause cancer?

How many genetic mutations does a cell need to accumulate to become 'initiated' as a cancer cell?

In normal conditions, what do proto-oncogenes regulate?

What do tumor suppressor genes do in normal conditions?

Which of the following is a common site for oral mucosa cancer?

What is a typical appearance of early lesions of oral mucosa cancer?

What may be seen in a non-healing ulcer in oral mucosa cancer?

Which factor is generally considered of little value in the diagnosis of early carcinoma?

"Moth eaten radiolucency with ill-defined or ragged margin" is associated with:

What is the primary tumor size when it is 2-4 cms?

What does tumor grading based on microscopic examination determine?

What is the second most common primary malignant bone tumor in pediatric patients?

Which chromosomal translocation is involved in Ewing sarcoma?

What is the characteristic histopathological feature of Ewing sarcoma?

What are the clinical features of mucosal melanoma?

What are the "ABCDE" clinical features used to identify mucosal melanoma?

What is the role of a melanocyte in the skin?

What are the general characteristics of atypical spindle cells?

What distinguishes mucosal melanoma from benign melanocytic lesions?

What is responsible for the color of the skin, hair, and eyes?

What is the characteristic histopathological architecture of verrucous carcinoma?

Which neoplasms may occur in soft tissue?

In which type of sarcoma are oral manifestations commonly seen in AIDS-related cases?

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