Options and Futures Trading Basics
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Questions and Answers

What is the strike price of the put option purchased?

  • 22.17
  • 670 (correct)
  • 23.25
  • 500
  • What is the premium paid for the strangle?

  • 22.17
  • 0.49
  • 150.51
  • 23.25 (correct)
  • What is the edge of the strangle?

  • 23.25
  • 2,200
  • 22.17
  • 0.44 (correct)
  • What is the premium paid for the put option?

    <p>22.17 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Settlement Time' refer to in the context of options?

    <p>The specific time of day when options contracts expire and futures are settled. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between 'Settlement Time' and 'Expiration Time' for options contracts?

    <p>Settlement time refers to the time when a futures contract settles for the day, while expiration time is the last day that the option can be exercised. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the given content, what term does 'settle' refer to?

    <p>The process of clearing and finalizing trades for futures contracts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the provided content, what is the relationship between options and futures?

    <p>Futures contracts can be used to hedge against the risk of options expiring out of the money. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the concept of 'Settlement Time' impact options trading?

    <p>It affects the pricing of options by influencing the value of the underlying futures contracts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of an OCO order?

    <p>To limit the risk of losses on a trade. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios would be a good use case for an OCO order?

    <p>A trader wants to buy 100 shares of a stock at $50 per share or sell 100 shares at $45 per share if the price drops below that level. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a trader places an OCO order with a buy order at $50 per share and a sell order at $55 per share, what happens if the price rises to $60?

    <p>The sell order will be executed, and the buy order will be cancelled. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these statements accurately describes the relationship between the two orders in an OCO order?

    <p>The execution of one order automatically cancels the other order. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Assume a trader places an OCO order with a buy order at $40 and a sell order at $50. If the price of the asset suddenly drops to $35, what is the outcome of this OCO order?

    <p>Both orders will be canceled. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to put values when the underlying increases?

    <p>Put values decrease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the delta ratio position play in relation to underlying movements?

    <p>It offsets option gains/losses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is delta characterized based on the content?

    <p>It is dynamic (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the expected relationship between the underlying price and put values?

    <p>An increase in the underlying leads to a decrease in put values (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could be a potential consequence of not maintaining the correct delta ratio position?

    <p>Unpredictable changes in option values (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the theoretical mid-price of corn futures?

    <p>650.00 dollars (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the corn futures contract has a multiplier of 5,000, what is the value of one futures contract at the theoretical mid-price?

    <p>$32,500,000 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'multiplier' refer to in the context of corn futures?

    <p>The number of units of the underlying commodity represented by one futures contract (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a trader buys one corn futures contract at the theoretical mid-price, how much money would they need to pay?

    <p>$3,250,000 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the smallest possible price change for a corn futures contract?

    <p>$0.01 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the delta of an ITM put option when implied volatility increases?

    <p>Delta approaches -0.5 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the delta of an ITM put option is true?

    <p>Delta is always negative and approaches -1 as the option approaches expiration. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the delta of an ITM put option change as time to expiry decreases?

    <p>Delta increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is NOT true about the delta of an ITM put option?

    <p>Delta is a measure of the option's expected payoff. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Settlement Time

    The specific time when options expire and futures settle for the day.

    Theoretical Option Prices

    Prices based on expected future market conditions.

    Future Mid-Price

    An average price estimated for a future date.

    Corn Multiplier

    The factor used to calculate option value per contract; for corn, it's 5,000.

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    Bid/Ask Market

    The market where buyers bid and sellers ask for prices.

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    Quoted in Pennies

    Prices are stated in cents, not whole dollars.

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    One-cancels-the-other (OCO)

    A trading order type that cancels one order when the other is executed.

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    Order Execution

    The process of completing a buy or sell transaction in the market.

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    Automatic Cancellation

    A feature where an unfulfilled order is removed automatically after another order is executed.

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    Market Order

    An order to buy or sell a security immediately at the current market price.

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    Conditional Orders

    Orders that depend on the fulfillment of another order.

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    Underlying Increase Impact

    When the underlying asset increases in value, option prices generally decrease.

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    Delta in Options

    Delta measures the rate of change of an option's price relative to the underlying asset's price changes.

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    Correct Delta Ratio

    Maintaining the correct delta ratio involves balancing the delta of options and the underlying asset to mitigate risk.

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    Dynamic Delta

    Delta is not static; it changes as the market conditions and the underlying price change.

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    Offsetting Gains/Losses

    Holding the appropriate delta position can counteract potential losses or gains from options trading.

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    Strangle

    An options strategy involving buying a call and a put with different strike prices.

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    Cash edge

    The actual profit in dollars from a trading strategy.

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    Edge

    The expected benefit or advantage over a trade's cost.

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    Put option

    A contract giving the holder the right to sell an asset at a specified price.

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    Buying strangle cost

    The total price paid to acquire the strangle position.

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    ITM Puts

    In-the-money puts have a delta that approaches -0.5 as implied volatility increases.

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    Delta (IV Change)

    With increased implied volatility, delta for ITM puts moves towards -0.5; decreased IV moves it toward -1.

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    Delta (Time to Expiry)

    Delta changes based on the time remaining until an option expires; longer to expiry can mean higher delta sensitivity.

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    Implied Volatility (IV)

    A measure of market expectations for future volatility, influencing option pricing and delta.

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    Delta Approaches -1

    For ITM puts with decreased implied volatility, delta approaches -1, indicating greater sensitivity to price declines.

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    Study Notes

    Akuna Options 101

    • Akuna Capital authored the document.
    • The document is titled "Akuna Options 101".
    • Status: Done
    • Tags: finance, options

    Section 1: Terminology and Trading Floors

    • Bid: Highest price someone is willing to buy something
    • Ask/Offer: Lowest price someone is willing to sell something
    • Size/Lots: Number of contracts someone is willing to trade at a price
    • Make a market: To provide a bid/ask price and sizes for each contract
    • Spread: Ask price minus Bid price
    • Hedge: A trade to reduce price movement risk in an asset
    • Paper: The interested parties trading against you
    • Broker: Acts as an intermediary between buyers and sellers
    • Tick Size: Smallest increment between price levels
    • Queue Priority: Determines order precedence (e.g., Price-Time Priority)
    • Order Types:
      • Immediate or Cancel (IOC)/Fill-and-Kill (FAK): Order executed immediately. Unfilled parts are cancelled
      • Good for Day (GFD): Remains active until execution or end of trading day
      • Good-Til-Cancelled (GTC): Remains active until completed or cancelled
      • All-or-None (AON): Must be executed entirely or not at all
      • Fill-or-Kill (FOK): Must be executed in its entirety or cancelled
      • One-cancels-the-other (OCO): One order's execution cancels the other

    Section 1.2: How Do Market Makers Profit

    • Ans: Collecting spread, scalping

    Option Specific Terms

    • Settlement Time: Specific time options and futures settle
    • Contract Size: Multiplier for options/futures contracts. Options on stocks = 100 shares, Futures = 1 future
    • Vol bid, catching a bid, ripping/exploding: Variety of terms for rising volume
    • Vol offered, vol smashed/smoked: Variety of terms for falling volume
    • Teenie: Lowest-priced options (often traded for risk management)
    • Theo: Theoretical fair value of something
    • Liquidity: Ease of trading near a fair value
    • Bid offset: Edge needed to auto-trade the option
    • Quote bid offset: Edge needed to quote an option

    Section 2: Payoff Diagrams

    • Payoff diagrams illustrate profit of an option/multiple option combos at expiry for varying underlying prices

    Section 3: The Greeks

    • Greeks are partial derivatives of option pricing with respect to different variables.
    • Describing characteristics and risk dimensions of an option position
    • Main Greeks: Delta, Gamma, Theta, Vega and Rho

    Section 3.1: Delta

    • Definition: Partial derivative of option price with respect to underlying price
    • Hedge ratio: Number of underlying contracts that establish a neutral hedge
    • Probability for ending ITM: Example - a 40 delta call has roughly a 40% chance of finishing ITM

    Section 3.2: Gamma

    • Definition: Rate at which delta changes with changes in the underlying
    • Gamma = d/dUnderlying Delta
    • It's positive for all options

    Section 3.3: Theta

    • Definition: Amount of value an option loses daily
    • Theta decay (loss of value)

    Section 3.4: Volatility

    • Definition: Annualized standard deviation of log returns
    • Volatility (o) is given as the standard deviation of log returns for a specific time period

    Section 3.5: Vega

    • Definition: First partial derivative of price wrt to implied volatility (change in option price per 1-point shift in implied volatility)
    • Vega is important for options traders and is dynamic
    • Vega is affected by expiry time
    • Vega decreases with the distance from ATM

    Section 3.6: Rho & Boxes

    • Rho: Sensitivity of an options price to changes in interest rates
    • Rho values differ for calls and puts at the same strike
    • Interest rates change through time, which models options pricing.
    • Boxes trades (e.g., 250 call minus 250 puts, plus 255 put minus 255 call)

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    Akuna Options 101 PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on options trading concepts such as strike prices, premiums, and settlement times. This quiz covers important terms and scenarios, including the use of OCO orders in trading strategy. Gain a deeper understanding of the relationships between options and futures as you answer these key questions.

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