Optimal Force of Extraoral Appliance on Maxilla

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What is the optimal magnitude of force that is developed from the extraoral appliance on the maxilla?

Tooth shape and size discrepancies

Between 400 – 600 gr per side (correct)

Between 50 – 70 gr per side

Over 1500 gr per side

Which dentition and which groups of teeth are most affected from change in the tooth shape and size?

Only the primary teeth are affected

Only the group of the premolars

-Incisors and Canines

Both primary and permanent dentition are affected but most often - the incisors (correct)

What do we observe extraorally and intraorally when there is tooth size discrepancy?

Extraorally – increase in the size of the mouth, intraorally – teeth with irregular structure

Extraorally – small mouth size, intraorally – small dental arches (correct)

Extraorally – usually no change, intraorally – teeth with alteration in their size

-Extraorally – large chin size, intraorally – crowded teeth

What is the name of the discrepancy when the teeth differ in their size according to the standard norm?

Microdontia – when the teeth have smaller size, macrodontia – when the teeth have bigger size Signup and view all the answers

To which dento-facial deformities does the tooth size and shape discrepancies belong?

Discrepancy between the size of the dental arch and the size of the skull Signup and view all the answers

What could be an etiological factor for diastema according to the text?

Macrodontia Signup and view all the answers

Which reason can be an etiological factor for diastema in the mandible based on the text?

Tongue thrust Signup and view all the answers

Why can a 5 mm or more diastema occur?

Hypodontia of upper lateral incisors Signup and view all the answers

In which type of dentition would a diastema up to 3 mm typically be treated according to the text?

Primary dentition Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment can be used for closure of a diastema as per the text?

Protrusion of the incisors Signup and view all the answers

Which definition accurately describes constriction and endognathia based on the text?

Constriction is considered a deviation of the individual jaw characterized by a narrowing of the dental arch, endognathia is a narrowing of the jaw. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main etiology of constriction?

Lack of balance between the outer and inner oral muscles Signup and view all the answers

Which clinical symptoms are seen extraorally in severe constriction?

The face is narrow, the lower facial height is reduced, vermilion thickness is reduced Signup and view all the answers

What are the intraoral clinical symptoms of severe constriction in the upper jaw?

Upper dental arch with abnormal shape, frontal teeth crowded or buccally inclined, Gothic palate Signup and view all the answers

How is constriction diagnosed using biometric methods?

Measuring the length of the 'support zone' - Moyers’ method Signup and view all the answers

In a differential diagnosis, constriction is distinguished from:

Retrusion Signup and view all the answers

What is a preventive measure for constriction?

Removing harmful habits and restoring balance between intra and extra oral muscles Signup and view all the answers

What is a factor that causes retromandibulia?

Improper bottle feeding; harmful habits – mouth breathing, finger and lower lip sucking Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the extraoral status in skeletal class II?

The profile is convex, pronounced negative lip step, the nasolabial angle is reduced Signup and view all the answers

How is the differential diagnosis made for class II deformation?

Between the prognathia and the progenia - based on ANB and SNB angles Signup and view all the answers

What is the prevention method for class II deformation?

Blocking the growth of the upper jaw from an early age before the eruption of primary teeth Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for lack of contact between the upper and lower incisors in a deep-bite deformation?

Heavy overjet Signup and view all the answers

How is the extraoral status characterized in deep-bite deformation?

The lower facial height is reduced, with deepened nasolabial folds and emphasized supramental fold Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes the intraoral status in deep-bite deformation?

Upper frontal teeth covering lower frontal teeth with varying degrees - from ½ cl.crown to full coverage and contact with palatal gingiva Signup and view all the answers

How is the diagnosis of deep bite made?

Extra- and intraoral examination, biometric examination of occlusion in transverse direction, orthopantomography Signup and view all the answers

What leads to compensatory deep bite in the frontal segment?

Lack of contact between the distal segment Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to a heavy distal bite?

Inclination of upper frontal teeth Signup and view all the answers