Optimal Allocation in Research and Development (R&D)
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Questions and Answers

In a perfectly competitive market with no externalities and increasing costs, why do economists typically not advocate for price and quantity controls?

  • To increase market instability
  • To encourage law breaking
  • To send the wrong price signals to producers and consumers
  • To prevent losses in welfare (correct)

What is the purpose of severance taxes when applied at the production level?

  • To encourage law breaking
  • To tax the resource at the production stage (correct)
  • To decrease market instability
  • To create a sustainable market

What type of taxes are more often used as ad valorem taxes in the context of energy production?

  • Income taxes
  • Tariffs
  • Severance taxes (correct)
  • Excise taxes

When energy is traded across borders, what type of tax is commonly applied?

<p>Tariff (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the competitive model provided, what is the equilibrium quantity when the price is set at 4.2?

<p>$9.6 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to quantity demanded when a unit tax of three is imposed on a product in a competitive market?

<p>Quantity demanded decreases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does demand price change with a unit tax?

<p>It increases by the unit tax amount (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of adding three to the supply price when considering a unit tax?

<p>To simulate the effect of a unit tax on demand price (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a perfectly competitive market, what occurs when supply equals demand?

<p>Equilibrium is achieved (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the inverse function Qs= -3+3Ps represent in a competitive market model?

<p>Supply function (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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