Optics Quiz: Refractive Index and Lenses
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Questions and Answers

What is the refractive index of the glass used in the glass slab?

  • 1.68
  • 1.44
  • 2.0
  • 1.5 (correct)

    • What is the thickness of the glass slab through which the pin is viewed?

  • 5 cm
  • 10 cm
  • 15 cm (correct)
  • 50 cm

    • To achieve total internal reflection in the light pipe, what is the refractive index of the outer covering?

  • 1.68
  • 1.44 (correct)
  • 1.5
  • 1.33

    • How far is the small pin viewed through the glass slab?

    <p>50 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the refractive index of the glass fiber used for the light pipe?

    <p>1.68</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the initial distance of the needle from the lens when the liquid is present?

    <p>45.0 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the position of the inverted image when the liquid is removed?

    <p>It moves closer to the lens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the refractive index of the lens described in the problem?

    <p>1.50</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the presence of the liquid affect the overall optical system?

    <p>It decreases the focal length</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following distances is measured without the liquid present?

    <p>30.0 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the thin lens formula $ rac{1}{u} + rac{1}{v} = rac{1}{f}$ apply to?

    <p>Both convex and concave lenses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ray tracing rule applies to a ray that is parallel to the principal axis of a convex lens?

    <p>It will pass through the second principal focus after refraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of a double lens, how are the two foci positioned with respect to the optical center?

    <p>The two foci are equidistant from the optical center.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the sign convention in ray optics for a lens?

    <p>It determines the direction of the rays post refraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about image formation is true?

    <p>The image can be located by the intersection of refracted rays.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the focal length of a lens and the magnifying power of a simple microscope?

    <p>Magnifying power is inversely proportional to the focal length.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When using a magnifying glass, how does positioning the eye farther away from the lens affect angular magnification?

    <p>Angular magnification decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it necessary for both the objective and eyepiece of a compound microscope to have short focal lengths?

    <p>To provide a larger magnifying power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a telescope, what happens to the final image when it is set for normal adjustment?

    <p>The final image is at infinity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical distance at which the eye should be positioned from the eyepiece of a compound microscope for optimal viewing?

    <p>A short distance away, typically 2-3 cm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the magnifying power of a telescope with an objective focal length of 140 cm and an eyepiece focal length of 5.0 cm in normal adjustment?

    <p>30X</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a Cassegrain telescope's mirrors are 20 mm apart and it uses mirrors with radii of curvature of 220 mm and 140 mm, where does the final image of an object at infinity form?

    <p>At the focus of the large mirror.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum possible focal length of a convex lens needed to project an image of a bulb onto a wall 3m away?

    <p>3m</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How far apart are the two locations where the image is formed on the screen by a convex lens?

    <p>20cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the refracting angle of the prism to achieve total internal reflection?

    <p>60°</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effective focal length of two lenses placed 8cm apart if their principal axes coincide?

    <p>Variable depending on light direction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a lens has a focal length of 9cm and is used to view squares from a distance of 9cm, what is the magnification produced?

    <p>2x</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much is the area of each square in the virtual image when viewed through a magnifying glass?

    <p>4 mm²</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what distance should the lens be held from the card sheet for maximum magnifying power?

    <p>9 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Is the magnification when viewing squares through a lens equal to the angular magnification of the lens?

    <p>No, they are different</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship established by the maker's formula for a thin lens?

    <p>$ rac{1}{f} = (n_2 - n_1)igg( rac{1}{R_1} - rac{1}{R_2}igg)$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of image is formed by the first refracting surface of a double convex lens when the object is at infinity?

    <p>Virtual image</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of lens refraction, what does a negative focal length indicate?

    <p>The lens is concave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the value of $DI$ when working with a double convex lens?

    <p>$DI$ is negative as it's measured against the direction of incident light</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the point where the image of an object placed at infinity is formed?

    <p>It is known as the focus (F) of the lens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the magnifying power of a telescope represent?

    <p>The ratio of angles subtended at the eye by the final image and the object</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is essential for minimizing optical aberrations in modern telescopes?

    <p>Multi-component lenses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consideration in the design of microscopes and telescopes?

    <p>Gathering power based on the objective lens area</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the magnification (m) of a telescope calculated?

    <p>By the ratio of the angles subtended at the eye</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For larger magnification, what is typically required for the objective and eyepiece?

    <p>Short focal lengths</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the equation $ rac{n_2}{v} - rac{n_1}{u} = rac{n_2 - n_1}{R}$ represent?

    <p>The relationship between object and image distance, refractive index, and radius of curvature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the radius of curvature of a spherical surface is increased, how does this affect the image position for a fixed object distance?

    <p>The image distance increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When applying small angle approximations, how are the angles related in the derivation?

    <p>n₁ sin i = n₂ sin r</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Given a point source of light at -100 cm in air, which statement is true regarding the image formed by the spherical glass surface?

    <p>The image is formed 100 cm in front of the glass surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the equation $n_1$ i ≈ $n_2$ r, which condition must hold true for the approximation to be valid?

    <p>The angles must be small</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the variable 'u' represent in the equation $ rac{1}{u} + rac{1}{v} = rac{n_2 - n_1}{R}$?

    <p>Distance from the object to the spherical surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the equation used to find the position of the image, which media is assumed when $n_1 = 1.5$ and $n_2 = 0.5$?

    <p>The first medium is denser than the second</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of radius of curvature R in the image formation process?

    <p>It influences the position where the image is formed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to light rays when they enter a medium with a lower refractive index?

    <p>They speed up and bend away from the normal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is quartz preferred in optical fibers?

    <p>It has a high light transmission efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total length of the telescope tube in a refracting telescope?

    <p>$f_o + f_e$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the diameter of the objective lens affect a telescope's performance?

    <p>It influences both light-gathering power and resolving power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the magnifying power of a telescope with a 100 cm focal length objective and a 1 cm focal length eyepiece?

    <p>100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What limitation is associated with large lenses in refracting telescopes?

    <p>They produce images affected by chromatic aberration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant advantage of using reflecting telescopes instead of refracting telescopes?

    <p>They avoid chromatic aberration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which way does the focal length of the eyepiece influence a telescope's performance?

    <p>Shorter focal lengths increase magnifying power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary disadvantage of a reflecting telescope when focusing light?

    <p>The objective mirror focuses light inside the telescope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by the resolving power of a telescope?

    <p>Its ability to distinguish two closely placed objects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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