Optical Isomers and Racemates in Chemical Reactions

WelcomePiccoloTrumpet avatar
WelcomePiccoloTrumpet
·
·
Download

Start Quiz

Study Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Which carboxylic acid derivative is more reactive than carboxylic acids?

Acyl chlorides

What is the product when propan-1-ol undergoes a reaction with 2[H]?

Propanone

What happens when an acyl chloride reacts with water?

Forms carboxylic acid and HCl gas

Which condition is required for the addition of hydrogen cyanide to carbonyls to form hydroxynitriles?

<p>Room temperature and pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which carboxylic acid derivative undergoes a change to form esters when reacting with alcohol?

<p>Acid anhydrides</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mechanism is involved in the reaction of carbonyl compounds with hydrogen cyanide?

<p>Nucleophilic addition</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound undergoes the Iodoform test and forms CHI3 as a yellow crystalline precipitate?

<p>Ethanal</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the presence of dilute sodium hydroxide under reflux conditions, which product is formed from methyl propanoate and NaOH?

<p>Sodium propanoate</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which carboxylic acid derivative is resistant to attack by weak nucleophiles like alcohols?

<p>Acyl chlorides</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of mechanism is the extra KCN used to increase the concentration of CN- ion nucleophile for the first step?

<p>SN2 mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the orange precipitate formed when 2,4-DNP reacts with aldehydes and ketones?

<p>Orange precipitate is not formed</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction occurs when RCOCl reacts with water?

<p>Nucleophilic addition</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the formation of a racemate through nucleophilic addition of HCN to aldehydes and ketones, why is a racemate formed?

<p>The attacking species approaches the trigonal planar carbonyl from both sides, leading to an equal chance of either enantiomer forming.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the SN1 mechanism differ from the SN2 mechanism in terms of intermediates formation?

<p>SN1 mechanism forms intermediates, while SN2 mechanism does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the formation of a racemate occur in the reaction involving a haloalkane with the OH- ion using the SN1 mechanism?

<p>The reaction occurs via a transition state resulting in a racemate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic feature of a trigonal planar reactant or intermediate that leads to the formation of a racemate in certain chemical reactions?

<p>It allows attacking species to approach from both sides equally.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the formation of a racemate affect the optical activity of the resulting product?

<p>A racemate reduces optical activity to zero.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a chiral reactant is used in a reaction, what would be the result in terms of enantiomer formation?

<p>A racemate would still be formed due to the nature of chiral compounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

More Quizzes Like This

Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Browser