Questions and Answers
Which brain structure is associated with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)?
Amygdala
What is a common behavior characteristic of individuals with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)?
Plotting revenge or seeking revenge
What is a necessary criterion for diagnosing Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) according to the DSM-5?
Presence of at least 4 symptoms from anger/irritability, defiance, or vindictiveness categories
What is a potential environmental cause of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)?
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Which neurotransmitter imbalance is associated with Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)?
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What is a common feature of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) symptoms?
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Study Notes
Causes of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
- Genetics: Family history of ODD, ADHD, and other mental health disorders
- Environmental: Poor parental bonding, inconsistent discipline, and exposure to violence
- Brain structure: Abnormalities in amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and reward system
- Neurotransmitters: Imbalance of dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine
Symptoms of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
- Anger and irritability:
- Frequent temper tantrums
- Argumentative and provocative behavior
- Defiance:
- Refusal to comply with rules and authority
- Deliberate annoyance of others
- Vindictiveness:
- Plotting revenge or seeking revenge
- Negative behavior:
- Blaming others for mistakes
- Showing no remorse for misbehavior
Diagnosis of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)
- DSM-5 criteria:
- Presence of at least 4 symptoms from anger/irritability, defiance, or vindictiveness categories
- Symptoms must be present for at least 6 months
- Symptoms must cause significant distress or impairment in social, academic, or occupational functioning
- Assessment tools:
- Clinical interviews with child and caregivers
- Behavioral rating scales (e.g., Conners' Rating Scales)
- Observation of child's behavior in different settings
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