Opioid Toxicity and Antidotes
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Questions and Answers

What is the antidote for opioid intoxication?

  • Physostigmine
  • Pralidoxime
  • Naloxone (correct)
  • Fomepizole
  • What is the effect of methanol and ethylene glycol on the body?

  • They cause respiratory depression
  • They lead to metabolic acidosis (correct)
  • They have a mixed agonist/antagonist effect
  • They produce a cholinergic crisis
  • What is the mechanism of action of Acetylcholine?

  • It inhibits AChE, leading to increased ACh levels (correct)
  • It has a mixed agonist/antagonist effect
  • It activates AChE, leading to decreased ACh levels
  • It blocks the mu-opioid receptor
  • What is the treatment for organophosphate poisoning?

    <p>Pralidoxime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of opioid antagonists on the body?

    <p>They reverse opioid overdose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the adverse effect of methanol metabolism?

    <p>Blindness</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of cholestyramine on digoxin absorption?

    <p>Decreased absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of benzodiazepines?

    <p>Binds to alpha and gamma units at GABA receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the antidote for benzodiazepine overdose?

    <p>Flumazenil</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of treatment in barbiturate overdose?

    <p>Supportive care with alpha agonists</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the combination of factors that can lead to Reye's syndrome?

    <p>Child + ASA + Fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning?

    <p>Hyperbaric oxygen therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the action of Atropine in the PNS?

    <p>Inhibits saliva production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of NAPQI on the liver?

    <p>Causes hepatic necrosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Theophylline on histamine levels?

    <p>Decreases histamine levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of glutathione in paracetamol metabolism?

    <p>It is an antioxidant that reduces NAPQI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of vitamin K in blood coagulation?

    <p>It is necessary for the synthesis of clotting factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the use of protamine sulfate in bleeding disorders?

    <p>It is used to treat bleeding due to heparin overdose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of sodium nitrite in treating cyanide poisoning?

    <p>Converts hemoglobin to methemoglobin and displaces cyanide from cytochrome oxidase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antidotes is specifically used to treat iron poisoning?

    <p>Deferoxamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the disease caused by copper toxicity?

    <p>Wilson's Disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of gastric lavage in treating poisoning?

    <p>To remove the toxin from the stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antidotes is known as the universal antidote?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the disease caused by manganese toxicity?

    <p>Pseudoparkinsonism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Digoxin on the heart?

    <p>Increases Na+/K+ ATPase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for Digoxin toxicity?

    <p>Digibind</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Heparin on platelet levels?

    <p>Decreases platelet levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of N-acetylcysteine?

    <p>Restores glutathione levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Isoniazid on the liver?

    <p>Causes hepatotoxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Esmolol?

    <p>Manages tachyarrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

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