Opioid Toxicity and Antidotes
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Questions and Answers

What is the antidote for opioid intoxication?

  • Physostigmine
  • Pralidoxime
  • Naloxone (correct)
  • Fomepizole

What is the effect of methanol and ethylene glycol on the body?

  • They cause respiratory depression
  • They lead to metabolic acidosis (correct)
  • They have a mixed agonist/antagonist effect
  • They produce a cholinergic crisis

What is the mechanism of action of Acetylcholine?

  • It inhibits AChE, leading to increased ACh levels (correct)
  • It has a mixed agonist/antagonist effect
  • It activates AChE, leading to decreased ACh levels
  • It blocks the mu-opioid receptor

What is the treatment for organophosphate poisoning?

<p>Pralidoxime (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of opioid antagonists on the body?

<p>They reverse opioid overdose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the adverse effect of methanol metabolism?

<p>Blindness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of cholestyramine on digoxin absorption?

<p>Decreased absorption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of benzodiazepines?

<p>Binds to alpha and gamma units at GABA receptor (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote for benzodiazepine overdose?

<p>Flumazenil (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of treatment in barbiturate overdose?

<p>Supportive care with alpha agonists (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the combination of factors that can lead to Reye's syndrome?

<p>Child + ASA + Fever (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary treatment for carbon monoxide poisoning?

<p>Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the action of Atropine in the PNS?

<p>Inhibits saliva production (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of NAPQI on the liver?

<p>Causes hepatic necrosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Theophylline on histamine levels?

<p>Decreases histamine levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of glutathione in paracetamol metabolism?

<p>It is an antioxidant that reduces NAPQI (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of vitamin K in blood coagulation?

<p>It is necessary for the synthesis of clotting factors (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the use of protamine sulfate in bleeding disorders?

<p>It is used to treat bleeding due to heparin overdose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of sodium nitrite in treating cyanide poisoning?

<p>Converts hemoglobin to methemoglobin and displaces cyanide from cytochrome oxidase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antidotes is specifically used to treat iron poisoning?

<p>Deferoxamine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease caused by copper toxicity?

<p>Wilson's Disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of gastric lavage in treating poisoning?

<p>To remove the toxin from the stomach (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antidotes is known as the universal antidote?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the disease caused by manganese toxicity?

<p>Pseudoparkinsonism (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Digoxin on the heart?

<p>Increases Na+/K+ ATPase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the treatment for Digoxin toxicity?

<p>Digibind (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Heparin on platelet levels?

<p>Decreases platelet levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of N-acetylcysteine?

<p>Restores glutathione levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Isoniazid on the liver?

<p>Causes hepatotoxicity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of Esmolol?

<p>Manages tachyarrhythmias (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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