Addiction
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Questions and Answers

Which of these is NOT a characteristic of Substance Use Disorder?

  • Cravings and a tendency to relapse after efforts to change behaviour
  • Loss of control of substance consumption
  • Continued substance use despite associated problems
  • Increased sensitivity to the substance over time (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor to the opioid crisis in Canada?

  • Increased availability of naloxone (correct)
  • Illegal drugs laced with fentanyl and its analogues
  • Misunderstanding of the addictive risk of prescription opioids
  • Lack of access to prescription opioids leading to illicit opioid use

    • Which of these is NOT a psychological or social risk factor for addiction?

  • Mental health
  • Genetics (correct)
  • Early life experiences
  • Trauma

    • Which of these principles is NOT associated with the Harm Reduction Model?

    <p>Focus on abstinence as the only goal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Trauma-Informed Care' emphasize?

    <p>Addressing the root causes of addiction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a social determinant of health that can contribute to the opioid crisis?

    <p>Lack of access to education (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a factor that contributes to the opioid crisis, as mentioned in the provided content?

    <p>Increased awareness and education about the risks of opioid use (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The provided content emphasizes the importance of what in addressing the opioid crisis?

    <p>Providing comprehensive care to address mental and physical health needs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of harm reduction in substance use care?

    <p>To promote safety without enforcing abstinence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which principle is NOT associated with harm reduction strategies?

    <p>Judgment of individuals based on their substance use (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many opioid toxicity deaths occurred in Canada in 2022?

    <p>Approximately 20 per day (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect does trauma-informed care emphasize in its approach?

    <p>Understanding the impact of trauma on individuals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key component of the harm reduction model?

    <p>Promotion of safer substance use practices (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about opioid overdose statistics is accurate?

    <p>Daily opioid deaths increased from 10 in 2019 to 21 in 2021 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of harm reduction, what is meant by 'evidence-based care'?

    <p>Delivering care based on scientifically supported practices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the role of individuals in harm reduction programs?

    <p>Individuals are actively involved in policy discussions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of accidental apparent opioid toxicity deaths in Canada occurred in British Columbia, Alberta, or Ontario?

    <p>87% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT typically associated with opioid overdose?

    <p>Elevated blood pressure (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances can lead to withdrawal symptoms such as yawning, insomnia, and panic?

    <p>Opioids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common public health concern attributed to prescription drug misuse in Canada?

    <p>Higher opioid consumption (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommendation area outlined in the 10-year pan-Canadian strategy report?

    <p>Pricing Control (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of program is aimed at reducing the demand for substance use?

    <p>Prescription drug monitoring programs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which withdrawal treatment is typically used for opioid dependency?

    <p>Suboxone (buprenorphine) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is likely to be present during stimulant intoxication?

    <p>Euphoria (B), Dilated pupils (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best defines substance dependence?

    <p>A maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to clinically significant impairment. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements are necessary to classify a condition as an addiction?

    <p>Biological, psychological, and social elements. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between an addiction and compulsive behavior?

    <p>Addiction includes a biological element, while compulsive behavior does not. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does tolerance refer to in the context of substance use?

    <p>The need for more of a substance to achieve the same effect. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by withdrawal symptoms?

    <p>Both physical and psychological symptoms when the substance is reduced or stopped. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key risk factor for addiction?

    <p>History of trauma or adverse childhood experiences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Harm Reduction Model view substance use?

    <p>As a behavior that can be managed with strategies to reduce harm without necessarily eliminating use. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'substance abuse' imply?

    <p>A pattern of substance use that leads to significant distress or impairment. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient presents with symptoms of opioid withdrawal. Which of the following treatment strategies aligns with the secondary prevention level of care for substance use disorders?

    <p>Cognitive behavioral therapy for relapse prevention (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is working with a patient struggling with substance use disorder. Which of the following statements reflects the principles of trauma-informed care?

    <p>Recognizing that past trauma can contribute to substance use and tailoring treatment accordingly (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for substance use disorder?

    <p>Strong social support network and healthy coping skills (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient is seeking treatment for opioid addiction. Which of the following tertiary prevention interventions is likely to be recommended?

    <p>Participating in a residential rehabilitation program (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A community health nurse is working to address the opioid crisis. Which of the following interventions aligns with the harm reduction model?

    <p>Providing naloxone training and distribution to reduce overdose deaths (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient experiencing opioid withdrawal symptoms expresses a desire to stop using drugs. Which of the following interventions would be MOST appropriate for the nurse to recommend?

    <p>Offering the patient support and resources to access harm reduction services (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A community health nurse is educating the public about substance use disorders. Which of the following statements BEST describes the concept of tolerance?

    <p>The body's need for increasing amounts of a substance to achieve the desired effect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A nurse is working with a patient who has been diagnosed with a substance use disorder. Which of the following is a PRIMARY goal of primary prevention for substance use?

    <p>Educating individuals about the risks and consequences of substance use (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of opioid intoxication?

    <p>Slowed breathing (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of opioid withdrawal?

    <p>Muscle aches (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of stimulant intoxication?

    <p>Increased energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom of stimulant withdrawal?

    <p>Restlessness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a risk factor for opioid overdose?

    <p>Using opioids with other depressants (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common sign of opioid overdose?

    <p>Pinpoint pupils (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Substance Use Disorder?

    <p>Using substances in social settings only (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of depressant intoxication?

    <p>Drowsiness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient presents with dilated pupils, increased heart rate, and agitation. They report feeling energetic and talkative. What substance is the patient likely intoxicated with?

    <p>Cocaine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of opioid overdose?

    <p>Increased heart rate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient is experiencing tremors, sweating, nausea, and muscle cramps. They report feeling restless and anxious. What substance is the patient likely withdrawing from?

    <p>Heroin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient presents with slurred speech, unsteady gait, and impaired judgment. They report feeling drowsy and confused. What substance is the patient likely intoxicated with?

    <p>Alcohol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with stimulant overdose?

    <p>Seizures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient presents with drowsiness, confusion, and impaired coordination. They report feeling relaxed and sleepy. What substance is the patient likely intoxicated with?

    <p>Benzodiazepines (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of withdrawal from depressants?

    <p>Anxiety (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A patient is experiencing rapid heartbeat, sweating, and dilated pupils. They report feeling restless and agitated. What substance is the patient likely withdrawing from?

    <p>Heroin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following symptoms is typically associated with opioid overdose?

    <p>Unusual gurgling sound (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common withdrawal symptom for someone dependent on opioids?

    <p>Yawn and insomnia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of stimulant intoxication?

    <p>Tachycardia and dilated pupils (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of depressant overdose, which of the following treatments is appropriate?

    <p>Cool the patient and administer Diazepam (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is typically NOT associated with opioid intoxication?

    <p>Impaired vision (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For someone experiencing withdrawal from stimulants, what kind of treatment is commonly recommended?

    <p>Antidepressants (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an effect of severe depressant intoxication?

    <p>Respiratory depression and coma (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following scenarios indicates opioid withdrawal?

    <p>Nausea, vomiting, and muscle aches (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of opioid intoxication?

    <p>Slowed breathing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of opioid overdose?

    <p>Rapid, shallow breathing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of opioid withdrawal?

    <p>Yawning and muscle aches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a symptom commonly associated with stimulant intoxication?

    <p>Increased energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of stimulant overdose?

    <p>Agitation and seizures (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common symptom of stimulant withdrawal?

    <p>Fatigue and depression (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of depressant intoxication?

    <p>Slowed breathing (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key symptom of depressant overdose?

    <p>Slurred speech and confusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Opioid Toxicity and Deaths in Canada

    • 87% of accidental opioid toxicity deaths in Canada occurred in British Columbia, Alberta, and Ontario.
    • In 2022, 78% of accidental stimulant toxicity deaths involved an opioid; 81% of those involved fentanyl.
    • There were 5,360 apparent opioid toxicity deaths in Canada in 2022, approximately 20 deaths per day, up from 10 per day in 2019.

    Signs of Opioid Overdose

    • Inability to wake or respond to pain indicates overdose risk.
    • Breathing may cease entirely or occur at a very slow rate.
    • Bluish discoloration may appear on lips, fingertips, or gums.
    • Unusual gurgling or snoring sounds can suggest respiratory distress.
    • Pupils may appear very small (constricted).

    Naloxone

    • Naloxone temporarily reverses effects of opioid overdose, allowing time for emergency assistance.

    Other Therapeutic Approaches

    • Treatment options include psychotherapy, social work, clinical therapy, and housing support.
    • Collaborative care involving social service workers and psychiatrists is crucial.

    Prescription Drug Misuse in Canada

    • Prescription drug misuse is a leading public health concern in Canada.
    • Canada ranks as the second-largest consumer of opioids globally, with some First Nations communities declaring it a crisis.

    Intoxication and Withdrawal Symptoms

    • Opioids:

      • Intoxication symptoms: constricted pupils, drowsiness, respiratory depression, slurred speech.
      • Withdrawal symptoms: yawning, insomnia, runny nose, cramps, nausea, diarrhea.

    • Depressants (e.g., Alcohol, Benzodiazepines):

      • Intoxication symptoms: slurred speech, drowsiness, decreased blood pressure.
      • Withdrawal symptoms: tachycardia, irritability, Grand Mal seizures.

    • Stimulants (e.g., Cocaine, Meth):

      • Intoxication symptoms: tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, euphoria, hallucinations.
      • Withdrawal symptoms: fatigue, depression, cravings.

    Harm Reduction in Canada

    • Harm reduction acknowledges individuals' rights to make choices about their health.
    • Focuses on promoting safety and offers non-judgmental support for substance use.
    • Aims to prevent fatalities and disabilities by supporting safer usage practices.

    Canadian Center on Substance Abuse Strategy

    • A 10-year strategy with 58 recommendations covering prevention, education, treatment, monitoring, and enforcement.

    Levels of Prevention

    • Primary: Reduces demand and occurrence of substance abuse (e.g., prescription monitoring, safe disposal).
    • Secondary: Limits further health deterioration and social harm through harm reduction practices.
    • Tertiary: Mitigates impacts of addiction, including detox and rehabilitation programs.

    Addiction and Substance Use Disorder

    • Substance use disorder is marked by loss of control, continued use despite problems, and cravings.
    • Key distinguishing factors between addiction and compulsive behavior include biological elements.

    Key Terms

    • Substance Abuse: Maladaptive use leading to significant distress.
    • Substance Dependence: Dependency with psychological and physical symptoms.
    • Tolerance: Increased amounts required to achieve effects due to adaptation.
    • Withdrawal: Symptoms resulting from insufficient substance intake after periods of use.

    Practice Questions

    • Discuss tolerance and dependence exhibited in substance abuse contexts.
    • Prioritize nursing outcomes for patients with a history of drug misuse and co-occurring mental health issues.

    Debate Topics

    • Discuss the funding of methadone treatment and establishment of safe injection sites as viable health strategies.

    Opioid Toxicity and Deaths in Canada

    • 87% of accidental opioid toxicity deaths in Canada occurred in British Columbia, Alberta, and Ontario.
    • In 2022, 78% of accidental stimulant toxicity deaths involved an opioid; 81% of those involved fentanyl.
    • There were 5,360 apparent opioid toxicity deaths in Canada in 2022, approximately 20 deaths per day, up from 10 per day in 2019.

    Signs of Opioid Overdose

    • Inability to wake or respond to pain indicates overdose risk.
    • Breathing may cease entirely or occur at a very slow rate.
    • Bluish discoloration may appear on lips, fingertips, or gums.
    • Unusual gurgling or snoring sounds can suggest respiratory distress.
    • Pupils may appear very small (constricted).

    Naloxone

    • Naloxone temporarily reverses effects of opioid overdose, allowing time for emergency assistance.

    Other Therapeutic Approaches

    • Treatment options include psychotherapy, social work, clinical therapy, and housing support.
    • Collaborative care involving social service workers and psychiatrists is crucial.

    Prescription Drug Misuse in Canada

    • Prescription drug misuse is a leading public health concern in Canada.
    • Canada ranks as the second-largest consumer of opioids globally, with some First Nations communities declaring it a crisis.

    Intoxication and Withdrawal Symptoms

    • Opioids:

      • Intoxication symptoms: constricted pupils, drowsiness, respiratory depression, slurred speech.
      • Withdrawal symptoms: yawning, insomnia, runny nose, cramps, nausea, diarrhea.

    • Depressants (e.g., Alcohol, Benzodiazepines):

      • Intoxication symptoms: slurred speech, drowsiness, decreased blood pressure.
      • Withdrawal symptoms: tachycardia, irritability, Grand Mal seizures.

    • Stimulants (e.g., Cocaine, Meth):

      • Intoxication symptoms: tachycardia, elevated blood pressure, euphoria, hallucinations.
      • Withdrawal symptoms: fatigue, depression, cravings.

    Harm Reduction in Canada

    • Harm reduction acknowledges individuals' rights to make choices about their health.
    • Focuses on promoting safety and offers non-judgmental support for substance use.
    • Aims to prevent fatalities and disabilities by supporting safer usage practices.

    Canadian Center on Substance Abuse Strategy

    • A 10-year strategy with 58 recommendations covering prevention, education, treatment, monitoring, and enforcement.

    Levels of Prevention

    • Primary: Reduces demand and occurrence of substance abuse (e.g., prescription monitoring, safe disposal).
    • Secondary: Limits further health deterioration and social harm through harm reduction practices.
    • Tertiary: Mitigates impacts of addiction, including detox and rehabilitation programs.

    Addiction and Substance Use Disorder

    • Substance use disorder is marked by loss of control, continued use despite problems, and cravings.
    • Key distinguishing factors between addiction and compulsive behavior include biological elements.

    Key Terms

    • Substance Abuse: Maladaptive use leading to significant distress.
    • Substance Dependence: Dependency with psychological and physical symptoms.
    • Tolerance: Increased amounts required to achieve effects due to adaptation.
    • Withdrawal: Symptoms resulting from insufficient substance intake after periods of use.

    Practice Questions

    • Discuss tolerance and dependence exhibited in substance abuse contexts.
    • Prioritize nursing outcomes for patients with a history of drug misuse and co-occurring mental health issues.

    Debate Topics

    • Discuss the funding of methadone treatment and establishment of safe injection sites as viable health strategies.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the signs and symptoms of opioid overdose, including accidental toxicity deaths in Canada, and the role of naloxone in response. Learn how to identify overdose and take action.

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