Opioid Classification Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following local anesthetics has the shortest duration of action?

  • Articaine (correct)
  • Mepivacaine
  • Lidocaine
  • Prilocaine

Which of the following local anesthetics is not safe for use in children?

  • Bupivacaine (correct)
  • Lidocaine
  • Mepivacaine
  • Articaine

Which type of local anesthetics is metabolized by the liver?

  • Esters
  • Amides (correct)

Which of the following local anesthetics has the lowest risk of vasodilation?

<p>Mepivacaine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which technique can be useful in cases of truisms?

<p>Vazirani-Akinosi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve is numbed in the quadrant if the lingual nerve is blocked as well?

<p>Lingual Nerve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which injection technique aims to anesthetize the anterior teeth and premolars of the quadrant?

<p>Incisive Nerve Block (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which injection technique is known to be the most painful?

<p>Nasopalatine Block (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of nitrous oxide (N2O)?

<p>It is commonly known as laughing gas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which route of administration involves administering a drug through the skin, intestines, respiratory system, or genitourinary tract?

<p>Enteral (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum bioavailability that can occur if a drug is administered intravenously (IV)?

<p>100% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics is a protein synthesis inhibitor that binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit?

<p>Tetracycline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics is chemically related to penicillin and can cause cross-allergenicity with cephalosporins?

<p>Amoxicillin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics is commonly used for the prevention of infective endocarditis in patients with penicillin allergy?

<p>Azithromycin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics concentrates well in gingival crevicular fluid?

<p>Tetracycline (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct equation to calculate the amount of lidocaine in a carpule (1.8mL) of a 2% lidocaine solution?

<p>1.8mL x 2% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum dosage of lidocaine without epinephrine for a healthy patient?

<p>4.5mg/kg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum dosage of articaine with epinephrine?

<p>7mg/kg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct equation to calculate the amount of epinephrine in a carpule of a 2% lidocaine solution with a ratio of 1:100,000?

<p>1.8mL x 0.018% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential drug interaction between antibiotics and oral contraceptives?

<p>Antibiotics decrease the effectiveness of oral contraceptives (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential drug interaction between penicillin and probenecid?

<p>Probenecid alters the renal clearance of penicillin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential drug interaction between tetracycline and antacids/dairy products?

<p>Antacids and dairy products decrease the absorption of tetracycline (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential drug interaction between broad-spectrum antibiotics and anticoagulants?

<p>Broad-spectrum antibiotics enhance the actions of anticoagulants (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about weak acids and weak bases in terms of absorption?

<p>Weak acids have a pH &lt; pKa for absorption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the distribution of drugs for adequate systemic distribution?

<p>Systemic drugs primarily reach vessel-rich organs quickly (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the volume of total body water in which a drug will partition?

<p>Volume of Distribution (Vd) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which body tissues have the highest and lowest water content?

<p>Brain and muscle have the highest water content, while adipose tissue has the lowest water content (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common phase of drug metabolism that involves oxidation?

<p>Phase I Functionalization (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main route of elimination for drugs in the body?

<p>Urinary clearance through the kidneys (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following local anesthetics has the highest risk of causing methemoglobinemia?

<p>Prilocaine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following local anesthetics is NOT metabolized by the liver?

<p>Articaine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following local anesthetics has the longest duration of action?

<p>Bupivacaine (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following local anesthetics causes the least amount of vasodilation?

<p>Mepivacaine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential side effect of aspirin?

<p>Hyperglycemia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a therapeutic effect of corticosteroids?

<p>Antipyretic (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential side effect of opioids?

<p>Hypotension (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of Schedule I drugs?

<p>High abuse potential (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following injection techniques numbs the lips and gingiva of all teeth in the quadrant, except the gingiva of the molar region?

<p>IAN Block (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following injection techniques is known to have a high failure rate due to the difficulty of the injection?

<p>IAN Block (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following injection techniques anesthetizes the soft tissue facial to the anterior teeth?

<p>Mental Nerve Block (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics is a protein synthesis inhibitor that binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit?

<p>Clindamycin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics is a β-lactam that inhibits cell wall synthesis and is cross-allergenic with cephalosporins?

<p>Penicillin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics is commonly used for the prevention of infective endocarditis in patients with penicillin allergy?

<p>Azithromycin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antibiotics has the broadest antimicrobial spectrum and is a bacteriostatic protein synthesis inhibitor that binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit?

<p>Tetracycline (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct equation to calculate the amount of lidocaine in a carpule (1.8mL) of a 2% lidocaine solution?

<p>36mg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum dosage of lidocaine without epinephrine for a healthy patient?

<p>4.5mg/kg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum dosage of articaine with epinephrine?

<p>7mg/kg (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct equation to calculate the amount of epinephrine in a carpule of a 2% lidocaine solution with a ratio of 1:100,000?

<p>0.018mg (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct order of the sequential steps of a drug's path through the body?

<p>Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Elimination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about diffusion hypoxia?

<p>N2O can get trapped in the lungs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following routes of administration requires the drug to cross epithelial cell layers?

<p>Oral (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the correct equation to calculate the bioavailability of a drug?

<p>Bioavailability = (Amount of drug in systemic circulation) / (Amount of drug administered) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the first pass effect?

<p>It refers to drugs absorbing through the GI system and being sent to the liver for metabolism. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about the volume of distribution (Vd)?

<p>It is the volume of total body water in which a drug will partition. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about drug metabolism?

<p>Phase I reactions create polar molecules. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about drug elimination?

<p>It occurs mostly in the kidneys. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true about drug-drug interactions?

<p>Inhibition competes for metabolism or inhibits liver cytochrome enzymes. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential drug interaction between NSAIDs and anticoagulants?

<p>Increased risk of bleeding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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