Questions and Answers
What is the primary advantage of using morphine in acute pulmonary edema?
It increases venodilation and reduces preload
Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of morphine?
Undiagnosed acute abdominal pain
What is the analgesic potency of meperidine compared to morphine?
10% of morphine
Why is meperidine used in inferior myocardial infarction instead of morphine?
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What is a common adverse effect of morphine in infants and older patients?
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What is the benefit of using morphine in head injury patients with increased intracranial pressure?
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Why is morphine used as an adjuvant to anesthetic agents?
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Study Notes
Opioid Analgesics
- Relieve or decrease pain sensation without loss of consciousness and can induce physical dependence
Morphine
- Used for severe pain, such as acute MI, cancer, and surgery
- Treats acute pulmonary edema (cardiac asthma) by decreasing stress and anxiety, venodilatation, and preload
- Used as an adjuvant to anesthetic agents
- Contraindications:
- Head injury and increased intracranial pressure
- Respiratory depression
- Bronchial asthma
- Biliary colic and gallstones
- Enlarged prostate
- Hypotension and hypovolemia
- Hepatic damage
- Hypothyroidism and adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease)
- Undiagnosed acute abdominal pain (may be appendicitis)
- Infants and old patients (more susceptible to respiratory depression)
Meperidine (Pethidine)
- 10% analgesic potency of morphine
- Used as an alternative to morphine in:
- Inferior MI (patient has bradycardia)
- Labor (short duration, doesn't prolong labor)
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