Opioid Analgesics
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary advantage of using morphine in acute pulmonary edema?

  • It increases stress and anxiety in the patient
  • It increases venodilation and reduces preload (correct)
  • It decreases tachypnea due to its stimulant effect on the respiratory center
  • It prolongs labor duration during childbirth

Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of morphine?

  • Biliary colic
  • Undiagnosed acute abdominal pain (correct)
  • Acute myocardial infarction
  • Hypothyroidism

What is the analgesic potency of meperidine compared to morphine?

  • 20% of morphine
  • 10% of morphine (correct)
  • 10 times more potent
  • Equal to morphine

Why is meperidine used in inferior myocardial infarction instead of morphine?

<p>The patient has bradycardia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of morphine in infants and older patients?

<p>Respiratory depression (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of using morphine in head injury patients with increased intracranial pressure?

<p>It is contraindicated in head injury patients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is morphine used as an adjuvant to anesthetic agents?

<p>It has a synergistic effect with anesthetic agents (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Opioid Analgesics

  • Relieve or decrease pain sensation without loss of consciousness and can induce physical dependence

Morphine

  • Used for severe pain, such as acute MI, cancer, and surgery
  • Treats acute pulmonary edema (cardiac asthma) by decreasing stress and anxiety, venodilatation, and preload
  • Used as an adjuvant to anesthetic agents
  • Contraindications:
    • Head injury and increased intracranial pressure
    • Respiratory depression
    • Bronchial asthma
    • Biliary colic and gallstones
    • Enlarged prostate
    • Hypotension and hypovolemia
    • Hepatic damage
    • Hypothyroidism and adrenal insufficiency (Addison's disease)
    • Undiagnosed acute abdominal pain (may be appendicitis)
    • Infants and old patients (more susceptible to respiratory depression)

Meperidine (Pethidine)

  • 10% analgesic potency of morphine
  • Used as an alternative to morphine in:
    • Inferior MI (patient has bradycardia)
    • Labor (short duration, doesn't prolong labor)

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Description

Learn about opioid analgesics, their uses, and effects on pain management and the body. Understand their role in relieving pain, reducing anxiety, and inducing physical dependence.

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