Ophthalmoscope & Eye Examination Quiz

Questions and Answers

What does a notation of '20/60' indicate regarding a person's visual acuity?

Their vision is better than average.

They can read only at a distance of 20 feet.

They can see at 60 feet what a person with normal vision sees at 20 feet.

They can see at 20 feet what a person with normal vision sees at 60 feet. (correct)

Which factors are associated with the development of hypertension?

Regular exercise and low stress levels.

Family history of HTN and excessive calorie intake. (correct)

Lack of sleep and low sodium intake.

High levels of hydration and a balanced diet.

Where is the popliteal pulse located?

At the wrist on the radial side.

In the groin area.

In the region behind the back of the knee. (correct)

At the foot's arch.

Which statement about rhonchi is correct?

They are continuous and low-pitched sounds. Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal range for urine specific gravity?

1.010-1.030 Signup and view all the answers

Where are bronchovesicular breath sounds normally heard?

Between the first and second intercostal spaces. Signup and view all the answers

What does the palpation of the PMI reflect?

The pulsation of the heart at the apex of the left ventricle. Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic feature of an S3 heart sound?

It is a low-pitched vibration of the ventricular walls. Signup and view all the answers

Which area is optimal for detecting an S3 sound using the bell of the stethoscope?

Over the tricuspid area Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a normal pulse pressure range?

30-40 mmHg Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes Cheyenne-Stokes breathing?

Alternating periods of hyperventilation and apnea Signup and view all the answers

What is essential for obtaining an accurate pulse oximetry reading?

Fingers should be warm and dry. Signup and view all the answers

Which assessment technique is appropriate for evaluating tactile fremitus?

Asking the patient to whisper '99' while palpating the thorax. Signup and view all the answers

Which is the correct sequence of data collection after gathering demographic information from the client?

Chief complaint Signup and view all the answers

What is indicated by a pulse of 128 bpm and a blood pressure of 80/50 mmHg?

Possible shock Signup and view all the answers

Which tool is primarily used to assess a client's hearing?

Tuning fork Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ophthalmoscope and Eye Examination

Ophthalmoscope examines the fundus, red reflect, macula, and optic disc of the eye.

Hypertension Risk Factors

Stress, family history of hypertension, high sodium intake, and excessive calorie intake contribute to the development of hypertension.

Rhonchi Characteristics

Rhonchi are low-pitched, continuous breath sounds commonly heard during lung auscultation.
They have a deeper rumbling sound, are continuous throughout the respiratory cycle, and are best heard on expiration.

Urine Specific Gravity

Normal specific gravity is 1.010-1.030, indicating kidney's ability to concentrate particles in urine.

Popliteal Pulse

Located behind the knee, indicating blood flow to the lower leg.

Visual Acuity Measurement

Notation "20/60" indicates the testing distance (20 feet) versus how far a person with normal vision can see (60 feet), signifying poorer than average vision.

Normal Breath Sounds

Bronchovesicular sounds are normal and located between the first and second intercostal spaces over the main bronchi.

Symptoms and Physical Assessment

Symptoms are subjective data; palpation at the PMI reflects left ventricle pulsations, typically at the fifth ICS in the left MCL.

Auscultation Techniques for Heart Sounds

Use the bell of the stethoscope to detect low-pitched S3 heart sounds over the tricuspid or apical area.
The diaphragm is better for high-pitched sounds (S1 and S2) and Erb's point is not optimal for S3.

Nursing Assessment Elements

Involves asking questions, listening, data collection through system assessments, and reviewing lab results.

Correct Assessment Techniques for Respiratory/Cardiac

Auscultate vesicular lung sounds bilaterally and palpate chest excursion at the 9th or 10th rib.
Check capillary refill and tactile fremitus while the patient vocalizes “99”.

Pulse Pressure

The difference between systolic and diastolic pressure indicates cardiac output; a normal difference is 30-40 mmHg.

Normal Urine Output

Average adult urine output is 1,500 mL per day.

Pulse Oximetry

Measures circulating blood oxygen; requires warm, dry fingers and no obstructive fingernail polish for accurate readings.

Jendrassik Maneuver

Used to elicit the patellar reflex by having the patient clench teeth and interlock fingers while pulling.

Shock Indicators

Elevated pulse (128 bpm) and decreased blood pressure (80/50 mmHg) signal shock; fever may indicate sepsis.

Chief Complaint in Assessment

Follows demographic data collection from the client.

Hearing Assessment Tools

Tuning fork and otoscope are used for ear and hearing evaluation.

Cheyne-Stokes Breathing Pattern

Characterized by a cyclical pattern of increasing and decreasing breath depth, followed by periods of apnea.

Crackles Sound Identification

Intermittent, non-musical sounds produced as air travels through liquid in the lungs, often heard on inspiration.

Abdominal Assessment Method

IAPP: Inspection, Auscultation, Palpation, and Percussion.

Bradycardia

Define and recognize slowed heart rate, which may have clinical significance.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the use of the ophthalmoscope in eye examinations. This quiz covers key topics such as the fundus, red reflex, macula, and optic disc assessments. Discover how well you understand these important components of eye care.