Retina
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Questions and Answers

What is the approximate distance that the ganglion cells terminate before the inner nuclear layer in the macula?

  • 15 μm
  • 45 μm
  • 60 μm
  • 30 μm (correct)

    • Where do the fibers of Henle's layer eventually reach in the retina?

  • Photoreceptors of retina
  • Outer plexiform layer (correct)
  • Inner nuclear layer
  • Ganglion cell layer

    • At what distance from the fovea does the rod density begin to increase?

  • 1.2 mm to 1.7 mm (correct)
  • 0.5 mm
  • 1.5 mm
  • 1.0 mm

    • Which region of the macula has the largest accumulation of retinal bipolar and ganglion cells?

    <p>Parafovea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the neural retina towards the periphery in the peripheral retina?

    <p>Becomes a single layer of irregular columnar cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the termination point of the retina at its periphery known as?

    <p>Ora serrata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the retina is specialized for visual acuity?

    <p>Central region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Cilioretinal Artery in the retina?

    <p>Supplies blood to the macula lutea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which layer of the retina do rods dominate?

    <p>Peripheral region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Henle's fiber layer consist of?

    <p>Rods and cones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the population has a Cilioretinal Artery present?

    <p>15-20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate diameter of the macula lutea?

    <p>5.5 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following retinal layers are present in the foveola?

    <p>Retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), photoreceptor layer, outer limiting membrane (OLM), outer nuclear layer (ONL), Henle's fiber layer, inner limiting membrane (ILM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate diameter of the foveola?

    <p>0.35 mm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the foveola is true?

    <p>It has no rods within the central 1 degree.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate density of cones in the foveola?

    <p>199,000 to 300,000 per square millimeter</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about Henle's fiber layer is true?

    <p>It is a layer of photoreceptor axons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which retinal layer is responsible for the temporary presence of the Chievitz transient layer during fetal development?

    <p>Inner nuclear layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the changes in retinal lamination as you move from the fovea towards the peripheral retina?

    <p>The retinal layers become thinner and more condensed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary driver of macula development during fetal life?

    <p>Proliferation of retinal ganglion cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which retinal cell type exhibits the most dramatic increase in density within the macula compared to the peripheral retina?

    <p>Photoreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which retinal vascular structure is responsible for the development of the foveal avascular zone?

    <p>Choroidal capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the layer in the retina where ganglion cells terminate and spread out horizontally?

    <p>IPL - Inner Plexiform Layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following cell types are responsible for nourishing the macula in the retina?

    <p>Pericytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In retinal development, what is the name of the artery that branches off from the choriocapillaris and nourishes the macula?

    <p>Cilioretinal artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the retina is rich in cones and specialized for visual acuity?

    <p>Outer nuclear layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of perivascular microglia in retinal vascular development?

    <p>Removing cellular debris from the vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the retina is responsible for receiving blood supply from both the choroid and the central retinal artery?

    <p>Inner nuclear layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is the choriocapillaris located in relation to the inner nuclear layer?

    <p>Below the inner nuclear layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the transient layer of Chievitz during retinal development?

    <p>It serves as a precursor for the formation of the inner plexiform layer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which anatomical feature contributes to the blood-retinal barrier in retinal vessels?

    <p>Pigmented epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what stage during fetal development is retinal lamination essentially complete?

    <p>4.5 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In retinal vascular development, where do the major vessels lie in close proximity to?

    <p>Inner limiting membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Podesta's scheme, what type of capillary arrangement is speculated in the OPL?

    <p>Bilevel capillaries with postarteriolar and prevenular distribution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements regarding macula development is correct?

    <p>Cone inner fibers in the macula elongate and adopt an oblique orientation, forming the outer plexiform layer of Henle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about ganglion cell development is accurate?

    <p>By 5.5 months, ganglion cells have thinned out to one to two layers, except in the macular area.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate timeframe for normal retinal vascular development in utero?

    <p>It begins at 16 weeks' gestation and completes by 40 weeks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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